Christine Große

Luleå University of Technology | LTU · Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering (SRT)

This study seeks to enhance the understandings about the challenges of risk communication about information-related means employed in the cyber space for exerting inappropriate influence, frequently focused on paralyzing people and undermining stability. These means can be part of a hybrid warfare strategy located in the grey zone between the poles...

The purpose of this paper is to define indicators and measures of accessibility that can support decision-makers in designing policies for sustainable regional development. The study identifies aspects of accessibility that may influence the attractiveness of certain areas for population and infrastructure investments, notably sparsely populated re...

The reliability of infrastructure that is critical to society’s functionality, survival and progression has gained significance for both national security and research because of its large-scale and interdependent nature. However, the theoretical basis of the relatively new research field of critical infrastructure is incomplete and the common parl...

This paper provides an overview and mapping of needs and use of data related to formal risk analysis within the context of critical infrastructures, including activities of risk assessments and risk modelling as a part of preventive work against major accidents and crises. The aim is to contribute to a greater understanding of the type of data that...

Critical infrastructure systems—such as transportation—are the backbone of society. Infrastructure development can thus be acknowledged as a common societal concern in the field of governance, and its recognition as a policy problem is crucial to proper decision making. This study aims to build an in-depth understanding of the multi-level system co...

It is not only in recent decades that sustainability has gained importance in terms of society’s resilience, as, even 300 years ago, the necessity of treating natural resources in a sustainable way was a matter of concern. This paper aims to enhance both knowledge of the history of sustainability as a concept and understandings of the role of susta...

This paper highlights major methodological obstacles to studying and performing critical infrastructure protection (CIP) in general and CIP governance in particular. The study simultaneously examines a research project on and practice in the context of Swedish CIP. The complex planning approach of interest is called STYREL, a Swedish acronym for St...

This paper examines the role of regional airports in regional and municipal crisis preparedness based on evidence from a case study in Sweden. During the summer of 2018, Sweden experienced some of the most extensive wildfires in modern time. Aerial suppression, for which airports provided the essential preconditions, played an important role in ext...

Integrative system analysis requires a tool that facilitates both an investigation of systems from a holistic perspective and research that scrutinizes particular aspects of a specific system while retaining a holistic understanding. This paper proposes such a tool – a novel, multi-perspective kaleidoscope that constitutes a conceptual framework fo...

The protection of infrastructure that is critical to society’s functionality, survival and progression has gained significance because of its large-scale and interdependent nature. This complex system-of-system (SoS) imposes extensive requirements on governance efforts to foster critical infrastructure protection (CIP). This paper uses the kaleidos...

This paper develops an analytical framework to assess information in planning for critical infrastructure protection (CIP). Critical infrastructure concerns various societal functions that ensure the daily life, endurance and progress of societies. Thus, CIP involves a considerable number of actors in a multi-level planning that relies on inter-org...

This study investigates how business intelligence (BI) affects decision-making processes and the basis for decisions. Therefore, the inquiry includes literature from the field of BI and interviews with three Swedish agencies. It concentrates specifically on three fundamentals of BI-driven decision-making: data quality, data analysis and the human f...

Supply chains and logistics play an essential role in society and must continuously adapt to market changes, customer needs and technological developments, including emerging technologies such as blockchain (BC) and smart contracts. This study reviews current literature in the supply chain and logistics field to investigate emerging trends in BC de...

Because of the increase in the number and scope of information security incidents, proper management has recently gained importance for public and private organizations. Further challenges in this area have resulted from new regulations, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Directive on Security of Network and Information S...

Airports provide the basal infrastructure for air-based transportation. Adequate access to time-critical transportation, in particular, can enhance the resilience of a region. However, common approaches for estimating the economic effects of an airport on local, regional, and national economies have overlooked such resilience effects. This paper ex...

This paper develops a model to support the optimal choice of an airport as a base for the flying vehicles that are operated to extinguish wildfires and forest fires. Based on experiences from the two largest wildfires in Swedish history, this study models the optimisation as a balanced transportation problem. In both cases, the model selected the a...

This article explores the question of how to measure information security. Organisational information security is difficult to evaluate in this complex area because it includes numerous factors. The human factor has been acknowledged as one of the most challenging factors to consider in the field of information security. This study models the appli...

Regional airports constitute an important precondition for supply chains of goods and public services and particularly those of time-critical transports by air. However, common approaches for estimating the effects of airports on the regional economy have overlooked this essential role. This paper analyzes the interconnected role of a regional airp...

How do European Union (EU) member states communicate risks to their citizens? In this study, we define risk communication as the information provided by different levels of government to citizens regarding possible future crises to which the general public might be subjected. We seek to answer the following questions: Are there any patterns in the...

This paper highlights difficulties in studying the Swedish crisis management system with a specific focus on the planning process STYREL. This process seeks to identify and prioritize vital objects in the category of critical infrastructure (CI) in order to elaborate an emergency response plan for the case of a power shortage. The concerns in this...

Failures in the power supply threaten the safety of developed countries, as they are increasingly dependent on electricity to maintain important societal functions through critical infrastructure. To protect electricity-dependent critical infrastructure, Sweden has implemented a multi-level planning, called STYREL, which involves national-, regiona...

Information security incidents are increasing both in number and in scope. In consequence, the General Data Protection Regulation and the Directive on security of network and information systems force organisations to report such incidents to a supervision authority. Due to the growing of both the importance of managing incidents and the tendency t...

With its growing dependence on electricity, modern society faces the risk of cascading failure of interconnected societal functions. To protect societal functions during an event of power shortage, Sweden has implemented a multi-level planning process called STYREL, which involves national-, regional- and local-level actors. As part of the Swedish...

With the growing importance of enhancing modern society’s resilience, planning for critical infrastructure protection has become essential. However, such national planning must contend with many types of uncertainty. This paper characterises sources of uncertainty that are associated with a lack of knowledge, as exemplified by Swedish planning of e...

Large-scale and long-term planning imposes extensive requirements on governance efforts regardless of whether it involves public organisations, private organisations, or both. The proportions of such planning entangle many actors and stakeholders as system components within and around a complex system. These system components and conditions in a co...

Even beyond the context of critical infrastructure protection, complex planning situations involve several views on and interests in problems underlying the planning. These views are often interrelated with stakeholders bringing various concerns to both the planning itself and the plan's future utilisation. Complex, real-world situations in particu...