Christian Piedallu

AgroParisTech · LERFoB

Key message An influence of the recent changes in temperature or rainfall was demonstrated, increasing background tree mortality rates for 2/3 of the 12 studied tree species. Climate change-induced tree mortality was exacerbated towards the warm or dry limits of the species ranges, suggesting in these areas a progressive replacement by more xeric s...

Context: A significant forest decline has been noticed these last years in Europe. Managers need tools to better anticipate these massive events. Objectives : We evaluated the efficiency of easily available data about environmental conditions and stand characteristics to determine stand vulnerability and map different levels of risk. Methods : We c...

The important development of digital soil mapping (DSM) these last decades has led to a large number of maps of soil properties with increasingly finer raster size. Map resolution is mostly determined by expert knowledge or by matching with the resolution of existing data, while scale is recognized as a major issue. Using the pH and the C/N ratio d...

Changes in temperature and rainfall linked to recent climate change increase the mortality rates of European temperate tree species. The economic importance of trees and the ecosystem services they provide differ according to their social status (dominant or suppressed trees) and their size. The extent to which climate change impacts these differen...

Climate change modifies ecosystem processes directly through its effect on environmental conditions, but also indirectly by changing community composition. Theoretical studies and grassland experiments suggest that diversity may increase and stabilize communities’ productivity over time. Few recent studies on forest ecosystems suggested the same pa...

Objectives Altitude integrates changes in environmental conditions that determine shifts in vegetation, including temperature, precipitation, solar radiation and edaphogenetic processes. In turn, vegetation alters soil biophysical properties through litter input, root growth, microbial and macrofaunal interactions. The belowground traits of plant c...

Climate change modifies ecosystem processes directly through its effect on environmental conditions, but also indirectly by changing community composition. Theoretical studies and grassland experiments suggest that diversity may increase and stabilize communities' productivity over time. Few recent studies on forest ecosystems suggested the same pa...

Les cartes prédictives de pH sont utilisées pour évaluer la distribution spatiale des aires appropriées des espèces d’arbres et leur potentiel de croissance. Cependant, la capacité à élaborer ces cartes à large échelle pour décrire les variations locales du pH est supposée être faible. Ces cartes n'intègrent généralement pas l’occupation ancienne d...

Increases in tree mortality rates have been highlighted in different biomes over the past decades. However, disentangling the effects of climate change on the temporal increase in tree mortality from those of management and forest dynamics remains a challenge. Using a modelling approach taking tree and stand characteristics into account, we sought...

Supplementary data for article "Background mortality drivers of European tree species: climate change matters"

Les niches écologiques de 32 essences forestières françaises renseignent sur leur typicité pour des conditions de sol et de climat actuel ou futur. L'information contenue dans une base de 42 000 observations est rendue disponible pour chaque station moyennant l'étude des conditions pédoclimatiques locales. Le poster montre l'application de ces résu...

Key message The mean temperature from March to September affects the height-diameter relationship of many tree species in France. For most of these species, the temperature effect is nonlinear, which makes the identification of an optimal temperature possible. Increases in mean temperature could impact the volume supply of commercial species by the...

Key message In tree communities, tree size inequality reduces productivity and interacts with tree shade tolerance to modulate stand productivity, with a higher productivity in stands where shade-intolerant species dominate shade-tolerant species in size. Context Positive diversity–productivity relationships have been reported in different plant c...

Several studies use satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to monitor the impact of climate change on vegetation covers. Good understanding of the drivers of NDVI patterns is hindered by the diffi- culties in disentangling the effects of environmental factors from anthropogenic changes, by the limited number of environmental p...

Results from a tree mortality modelling study in France using inventory data, in order to assess the importance of climate evolution intensity on mortality. https://elsevier.conference-services.net/programme.asp?conferenceID=4168&action=prog_list&session=42462

To assess suitable areas for species, plant ecologists need accurate spatial information about available water for plants. Despite the recognized importance of topography in controlling soil moisture patterns, existing maps do not account for the redistribution of water through lateral fluxes. We included lateral fluxes in a GIS-based soil water ba...

A map of forest sites is helpful to correctly manage woodlands. New tools, such as GIS softwares, spatialized databases, and GPS devices improve the efficiency of forest sites mapping. There are two different ways to map forest sites: (1) collect field data (vegetation, soil, topography) and then use it to draw a map, or (2) use spatialized databas...

Les données spatialisées sont de plus en plus utilisées pour la description des mi-lieux forestiers. Elles concernent à la fois des relevés de terrain géoréférencés réalisés sur des placettes et des couches numériques représentant les variations spatiales des principaux facteurs écologiques, disponibles sous systèmes d'informations géographiques (S...

La cartographie des stations comprend l’inventaire d’unités écologiques homogènes présentes en un lieu donné et la représentation de leur distribution dans l’espace. Une carte des stations est un outil précieux, voire indispensable dans toute démarche d’aménagement forestier, car elle permet de caractériser pour chaque unité les potentialités et le...

Plant structural diversity is usually considered as beneficial for ecosystem functioning. For instance, numerous studies have reported positive species diversity-productivity relationships in plant communities. However, other aspects of structural diversity such as individual size inequality have been far less investigated. In forests, tree size in...

Description of the French National Geographic Agency data and climatic data. (PDF)

P-values from the models for the ten species. (PDF)

Comparison of different analysis methods: lm vs. nls. (PDF)

Poleward and upward species range shifts are the most commonly anticipated and studied consequences of climate warming. However, these global responses to climate change obscure more complex distribution change patterns. We hypothesize that the spatial arrangement of mountain ranges and, consequently, climatic gradients in Europe, will result in ra...

Aim: Knowledge about suitable ecological conditions for tree species remains largely incomplete. We aim to quantify and compare suitable environmental conditions for some of the most common tree species in Europe using a modelling approach and a large array of predictors that describe the different dimensions of the environmental niche. Location:...

Focus on ecosystem services and increased availability of spatial data set describing ecosystems have generated a large interest in ecosystem service mapping. Maps of ecosystem services make the spatial heterogeneity in supply of demand for ecosystem services evident and they may serve as important tools for management and spatially targeted polici...

1.There is a rising interest in the role of species diversity in ecosystem functioning and services, including productivity. Yet, how the diversity-productivity relationship depends on species identity and abiotic conditions remains a challenging issue. 2.We analysed mixture effects on species productivity along site productivity gradients, calcul...

Interestingly, relationships between demographic parameters and occurrence probability did not vary substantially across degrees of shade tolerance and regions. Although they were influenced by the uncertainty in the estimation of the demographic parameters, we found that r was generally negatively correlated with P-occ, while N, and for most regio...

Nous avons modélisé sous SIG les différentes composantes nécessaires pour calculer le bilan en eau des sols, avec une résolution spatiale fine, inexistante auparavant. Ces données ont été validées, puis nous avons comparé différentes méthodes de calcul des bilans en eau et indices disponibles, mettant en évidence l’intérêt de l’utilisation de carte...

Nous avons modélisé sous SIG les différentes composantes nécessaires pour calculer le bilan en eau des sols, avec une résolution spatiale fine, inexistante auparavant. Ces données ont été validées, puis nous avons comparé différentes méthodes de calcul des bilans en eau et indices disponibles, mettant en évidence l'intérêt de l'utilisation de carte...

The purpose of the SILVAE portal (http://silvae.agroparistech.fr/home/) is to give a broad-based population access to spatial data for the whole of metropolitan France about forest plant species—mostly tree—together with the main factors that determine their ecology. The available information is classified by theme. The information concerns the bib...

Nous avons calculé les bilans hydriques édaphiques sur la France à partir des données climatiques et édaphiques spatialisées, que nous avons tout d’abord évaluées comme les plus fines spatialement et les plus pertinentes. De ces bilans ont été identifiés et spatialisés à l’aide d’un outil de cartographie numérique quatorze indices de disponibilité...

Aim Soil water is essential for the physiological processes of plant growth and fitness. Owing to the difficulty of assessing wide variations in soil water reserves, plant distribution models usually estimate available water for plants through such climatic proxies as precipitation data (P) or climatic water balance (P minus poten-tial evapotranspi...

There have been many studies all over the world that forecast the impact of global warming on vegetation but there is little information currently available to assess its consequences on French forests. The authors studied the range of four common species — spruce, fir, beech and sessile oak — so as to determine their ecology as accurately as possi...

Numerous researches focus on species distribution shifts toward ecological conditions most suited to plants under climate change. Ecological indices used to characterize species ecology and to define their vulnerability over broad areas are often at coarse resolution and are determined by data availability. The aim of this work was to map soil wate...

Aim: Soil water is essential for the physiological processes of plant growth and fitness. Owing to the difficulties in assessing the wide variability in soil water reserves, plant distribution models usually take into account available water for plants through climatic proxies calculated using precipitation (P) or climatic water balance (P minus po...

Climate change is driving latitudinal and altitudinal shifts in species distribution worldwide, leading to novel species assemblages. Lags between these biotic responses and contemporary climate changes have been reported for plants and animals. Theoretically, the magnitude of these lags should be greatest in lowland areas, where the velocity of cl...

L'objectif du travail était de créer, de valider et de déterminer l'intérêt et l'utilisation possible pour le forestier de cartes numériques décrivant la variabilité spatiale de l'eau du sol. Ce travail a été réalisé en mobilisant divers outils liés aux systèmes d'informations géographiques et aux techniques de cartographie prédictive (Franklin, 19...

Continental-scale assessments of 21st century global impacts of climate change on biodiversity have forecasted range contractions for many species. These coarse resolution studies are, however, of limited relevance for projecting risks to biodiversity in mountain systems, where pronounced microclimatic variation could allow species to persist local...

Ecological studies need environmental descriptors to establish the response of species or communities to ecological conditions. Soil water resource is an important factor but is poorly used by plant ecologists because of the lack of accessible data. We explore whether a large number of plots with basic soil information collected within the framewor...

L'objectif du travail réalisé vise à présenter au gestionnaire, propriétaire et industriel un zonage de la Lorraine vis-à-vis des possibilités raisonnées de récolte des rémanents à partir des classes de sensibilité du guide ADEME. On entend par raisonnée, des pratiques qui n'ont pas de conséquences défavorables sur le sol tant par rapport à sa fert...

Mean characteristics of the 103 stands sampled in the French Permanent Plot Network (Renecofor). Age in years in 1994 ; Dbh diameter at 1.3 m. The values in square brackets indicate the range of the variations for each parameter. Average latitude and longitude

Numerous studies have highlighted plant species shift to further north and higher altitude due to present climate warming. Using indirect factors (such as altitude and latitude) does not allow to affirm the observed effect of climatic change. Moreover, most of the studies used an individual species approach preventing us to quantify and survey the...

After modeling the large-scale climate response patterns of leaf unfolding, leaf coloring and growing season length of evergreen and deciduous French temperate trees, we predicted the effects of eight future climate scenarios on phenological events. We used the ground observations from 103 temperate forests (10 species and 3,708 trees) from the Fre...

After modeling the large-scale climate response patterns of leaf unfolding, leaf coloring and growing season length of oak and beech trees, we predicted the effects of eight future climate scenarios on phenological events. We used the ground observations of 29 oak stands (21 sessile oak stands and 9 pedunculate oak stands) and 22 beech stands from...

There have been many studies all over the world that forecast the impact of global warming on vegetation but there is little information currently available to assess its consequences on French forests. The authors studied the range of four common species — spruce, fir, beech and sessile oak — so as to determine their ecology as accurately as possi...

Plant ecologists have recognised the importance of solar radiation for decades but have difficulty measuring it on plots. Proxies recorded on the ground or geographical information system (GIS) indices processed with a digital elevation model (DEM) have generally been used. Here we compare the efficiency of different methods of estimating spatially...

Spatial data layers and a phytoecological database were used to achieve a homogeneous mapping of the forest site types over a broad area (Vosges Mountains, Northeast France). Three main ecological factors defining forest types were firstly identified through the study of forest site classifications: soil nutrient content, soil moisture and bioclima...

The spatial and temporal variability of bud burst (838 observations) and yellowing (449) of 103 coniferous and broadleaved stands (10 species) sampled in the Renecofor network were studied over the period 1997-2006. For oak stands, the growing season starts in mid-April and stops in mid-October. The growing season is shorter in eastern France as a...

The spatial and temporal variability of bud burst (838 observations) and yellowing (449) of 103 coniferous and broadleaved stands (10 species) sampled in the Renecofor network were studied over the period 1997- 2006. For oak stands, the growing season starts in mid-April and stops in mid-October. The growing season is shorter in eastern France as a...

Des données numériques spatialisées et une base de relevés phytoécologiques sont utilisées pour réaliser une cartographie homogène des stations forestières du massif vosgien. Trois principaux facteurs écologiques définissant les stations forestières sont d’abord identifiés à partir des catalogues des stations forestières de la région : le niveau tr...

Modelling actual and potential distribution of tree species of temperate Chilean forests associated to the climatic change. P.E. Pinto, C. Piedallu, J.C. Pierrat, J.C. Gégout In a global change context, the aim of this work was to model tree species distribution of the Chilean temperate forests, and to predict future changes on the distribution of...

Spatial data layers and a phytoecological database were used to achieve a homogeneous mapping of the forest site types over a broad area (Vosges Mountains, Northeast France). Three main ecological factors defining forest types were firstly identified through the study of forest site classifications: soil nutrient content, soil moisture and bioclima...

The recent development of large environmental databases allow the analysis of the ecological behaviour of species or communities over large territories. Solar radiation is a fundamental component of ecological processes, but is poorly used at this scale due to the lack of available data. Here we present a GIS program allowing to calculate solar rad...

Le présent projet se propose de : * calculer un ensemble d'indices sous SIG permettant d'enrichir les bases de données écologiques de l'IFN et de l'ENGREF, et d'améliorer la connaissance de l'écologie des espèces forestières. La mise à disposition de tels indices synthétiques faciliterait la création de typologies ou de cartographies des stations u...

Aim To estimate the relative importance of climate and soil nutritional variables for predicting the distribution of Acer campestre (L.) in French forests.Location France.Methods We used presence/absence information for A. campestre in 3286 forest plots scattered all over France, coupled with climatic and edaphic data. More than 150 climatic variab...

Nous avons mené entre 2000 et 2002 un travail de cartographie automatisée des types de stations sur l'ensemble du massif Vosgien à partir d'informations écologiques numériques et spatialisées (Gégout et Piedallu, 2002). La carte des stations obtenue fournit une information homogène pour tout le massif Vosgien et permet une analyse globale, tout en...

The influence of rock mineralogy, climate, vegetation and relief on stream water composition and export as a result of weathering is a major scientific concern both at the local scale, because of the link between stream chemistry and biodiversity, and at the global scale, in relation to global climate changes. Environmental factors influencing stre...