Christian HerreraUniversidad Bernardo O'Higgins | UBO · Facultad de Ingeniería
Christian Herrera
Ph.D.
About
68
Publications
22,166
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1,335
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Citations since 2017
Introduction
Principales líneas de investigación:
- Hidrogeología en zonas áridas
- Hidrogeología de terrenos volcánicos e islas volcánicas
- Hidrogeoquímica e isotopía de aguas subterráneas
- Modelación hidrogeoquímica
Skills and Expertise
Additional affiliations
January 2020 - present
October 2019 - present
Science of the Total Environment - ELSEVIER
Position
- Editor
September 1996 - December 2019
Publications
Publications (68)
Careo channels are ancestral Nature-Based Solutions for water management that are used to recharge aquifers in the watershed of the Sierra Nevada Mountain massif (Spain). These hand-dug channels divert snowmelt from the headwaters of rivers and let it infiltrate into the upper parts of the hill slopes and by that increase the water resources availa...
Nature-Based Solutions for Integrated Water Resources Management (NbS-IWRM) involve natural, or nature-mimicking, processes used to improve water availability in quantity and quality sustainably, reduce the risks of water-related disasters, enhance adaptation to climate change and increase both biodiversity and the social-ecological system's resili...
Weather systems that produced recharge to the aquifers in the Atacama Desert between 24.5 and 25.5°S were investigated using δ¹⁸O and δ²H data in groundwater and precipitation combined with remote sensing methods. Atmospheric systems that produced rain and snow from 1984 to 2017 were analysed using isotopic data for precipitation from the literatur...
This work is aimed to assess potential risk associated with the presence of metals and metalloids in soil at “Playa Las Petroleras” sector, located in Antofagasta (Chile). The zone under study has been affected by four oil spill events. This sector is located in an urban area by the sea. So, it has a great social and environmental relevance. The co...
The acequias de careo are ancestral water channels excavated during the early Al-Andalus period (8th–10th centuries), which are used to recharge aquifers in the watersheds of the Sierra Nevada mountain range (Southeastern Spain). The water channels are maintained by local communities, and their main function is collecting snowmelt, but also runoff...
Research on Easter Island’s (or Rapa Nui’s) prehistory has mainly been approached from archeological and paleoecological perspectives. The reconstruction of changes in island society has been based largely on the evidence of anthropic activities found in archeological sites and on paleoenvironmental reconstructions. These reconstructions characteri...
To reduce uncertainty in the identification of the recharge areas in the Peripheral Aquifer of the Salar de Atacama (SdA), a few studies have investigated the isotopic characteristics and moisture sources of precipitation in the SdA basin. In the present study, the seasonal cycle of meteorological parameters and the relationships of this cycle with...
In the arid area of northern Chile, groundwater resources in the Andean formations are essential for native populations, ecological services, mining, and other human activities. Validated conceptual hydrogeological models are required for current and future water and land management. This work aims to explain the processes controlling the origin an...
The objective of this work is to characterize the impact of climate change in the karst aquifer of the Port del Comte Massif (PCM). Six regional climate models (RCMs) from CLYM'PY Project are used to analyse the magnitude and trends of changes on precipitation and temperature (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios) and how these changes propagate through the...
Organic and inorganic carbon reservoirs are investigated in surface and groundwater in the semi to hyper-arid Río Loa Basin in Northern Chile. Part of the study area is within the Andean volcanic arc, and volcanism is responsible for large inputs of ¹⁴C-depleted CO2 which hampers groundwater residence time estimations using dissolved inorganic carb...
Springs are ecosystems influenced by the exposure of groundwater at the Earth's surface. Springs are abundant and have played important, highly interactive ecological, cultural, and socio-economic roles in arid, mesic, and subaqueous environments throughout human evolution and history. However, springs also are widely regarded as being highly threa...
Groundwater recharge in hyper arid areas often depends on surface water infiltration and diffuse recharge of highly evaporated precipitation only contribute under favorable conditions. This happens in the Calama basin two-aquifer system, in the Central Andean area of northern Chile. A conceptual model of the groundwater system and its relationship...
Time series of environmental tracers (groundwater stable isotope composition, electrical conductivity and temperature) and concentration breakthrough curves of artificial tracers (uranine, eosine, amino-G and naphtionate) have been analyzed to characterize fast preferential and slow matrix in-transit recharge flows in the Paleocene-Eocene limestone...
Most of the athalassic saline and hypersaline lakes are located in arid and semiarid regions where water availability drives the hydrological dynamics of the lake itself and the associated ecosystems. This is the case of the Salada de Chiprana Lake, in the Ebro River basin (Spain). It is the only athalassic permanent hypersaline lake in Western Eur...
RESUMEN La Laguna Tuyajto es un lago salino ubicado en la zona meridional de la reserva nacional de los flamencos (Atacama, Chile), en el Altiplano Andino del Norte de Chile. Esta laguna se encuentra a los pies del volcán Tuyajto. Está alimentada por una serie de manantiales que se encuentran en la zona Norte y Este de la lagu-na, que descargan agu...
A study has been done on recharge to a volcanic aquifer in arid climate, in the Andean Altiplano
(Highland) in northern Chile. This is important for ecosystems and shallow saline lakes depending on these water systems. In order to consider deicing and rainfall contribution to recharge, an energy balance of the snow cover has been done using the cod...
The major ion and the multi-isotopic composition (87Sr/86Sr, δ11B, δ34S(SO4) and δ18O(SO4)) of groundwater from the Central Depression in northern Chile is investigated to identify the origin of groundwater solutes in the hyper-arid core of the Atacama Desert. The study area is between the Cordillera de Domeyko and the Central Depression, at latitu...
The role of rock-water reactions, leakage of sedimentary brine, evaporite dissolution and variations in lithology on the chemical and isotopic evolution of groundwater draining the active arc and Preandean basins in the Antofagasta Region of northern Chile has been investigated using Li, B and Sr isotopes. The studied basin is that of the upper Loa...
Se ha estudiado la descarga de agua subterránea en los márgenes de la laguna Tuyajto, en un área con precipitaciones menores a 200 mm/año. Corresponde a pequeños humedales, localmente denominados bofedales que están ubicados en el borde norte y oriental de la laguna, en la cuenca homónima en el Altiplano del norte de Chile Las mediciones del nivel...
Prior to the 24-26 March 2015 extreme precipitation event that impacted northern Chile, the scenarios for Pleistocene and Holocene wetter paleoclimate intervals in the hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert had been attributed to eastern or southwestern moisture sources. The March 2015 precipitation event offered the first modern opportunity to evalu...
Although the formation of exotic-Cu deposits is controlled by multiple factors, the role of the sedimentary environment has not been well defined. We present a case study of the El Tesoro Central exotic-Cu deposit located in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile. This deposit consists of two mineralized bodies hosted within Late Cenozoic gravels dep...
Assessing water resources in high mountain semi-arid zones is essential to be able to manage and plan the use of these resources downstream where they are used. However, it is not easy to manage an unknown resource, a situation that is common in the vast majority of high mountain hydrological basins. In the present work, the discharge flow in an un...
The Cordillera de la Costa is located along the coastline of northern Chile, in the hyperarid Atacama Desert area. Chemical and isotopic analyses of several small coastal springs and groundwater reservoirs between 22.5 °S and 25.5 °S allow understanding groundwater origin, renewal time and the probable timing of recharge. The aquifers are mostly in...
The hyper-arid conditions prevailing in Agua Verde aquifer in northern Chile make this system the most important water source for nearby towns and mining industries. Due to the growing demand for water in this region, recharge is investigated along with the impact of intense pumping activity in this aquifer. A conceptual model of the hydrogeologica...
Land surface temperature (LST) seems to be related to the temperature of shallow aquifers and the unsaturated zone thickness (ΔZuz). That relationship is valid when the study area fulfils certain characteristics: a) there should be no downward moisture fluxes in an unsaturated zone, b) the soil composition in terms of both, the different horizon ma...
Abstract The concentration of atmospheric tracers in groundwater samples collected from springs and deep wells is, in most cases, the result of a mixture of waters with a wide range of residence times in the ground. Such is the case of an unconfined aquifer recharged over all its surface area. Concentrations greatly differ from the homogeneous resi...
Aquifers in arid zones are very sensitive to changes in the distribution of weather patterns over an extended period of time. This is the case in the coastal aquifers of the Ata-cama Desert in northern Chile, where studies show different recharge periods that coincide with changes in climatic conditions during the last 14 ka. It is one of the dries...
Aquifers in permeable formations developed in high-mountain watersheds slow down the transfer of snowmelt to rivers, modifying rivers' flow pattern. To gain insight into the processes that control the hydrologic response of such systems the role played by groundwater in an alpine basin located at the southeastern part of the Iberian Peninsula is in...
The time series of stable water isotope composition relative to meteorological stations and springs located in the high mountainous zone of the Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park are analyzed in order to study how the seasonal isotopic content of precipitation propagates through the hydrogeological system in terms of the aquifer recharge zone e...
The investigation assesses the influence of recent climatic events in the water resources and the aquifer dynamics in the Huasco watershed by means of the analysis of precipitation, streamflow and piezometric levels during the last 50 years. These hydrological and hydrogeological parameters were evaluated by an exploratory geostatistical analysis (...
The time series of stable water isotope composition relative to IAEA-GNIP meteorological stations located in alpine zones are analyzed in order to study how the amplitude of the seasonal isotopic composition of precipitation (Aδ) varies along a vertical transect. A clear relationship between Aδ and local evaporation is obtained, with slopes of − 0....
Laguna Tuyajto is a small, shallow saline water lake in the Andean Altiplano of northern Chile. In the eastern side it is fed by springs that discharge groundwater of the nearby volcanic aquifers. The area is arid: rainfall does not exceed 200mm/year in the rainiest parts. The stable isotopic content of spring water shows that the recharge is origi...
In the Loa water system of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile, careful management of groundwater is vital and data are sparse. Several key management questions focus on aquifers that occur in the Calama sedimentary basin, through which groundwater and Loa surface water flow to the west. The complexity of the two major aquifers and their discharge...
This work studies how to include both point and areal measurements when estimating gaussian fields by kriging. To achieve this objective three geostatistical approaches are considered for the areal distributed data: (A) regionalized measurements that are geographically referenced by their centroid as if they were point measurements (B) regionalized...
The island of Fuerteventura is the oldest of the Canary Islands' volcanic archipelago. It is constituted by volcanic submarine and subaerial activity and intrusive Miocene events, with some residual later volcanism and Quaternary volcanic deposits that have favored groundwater recharge. The climate is arid, with an average rainfall that barely atta...
The origin of waters from small springs located at the hyper-arid northern coast of Chile, in the vicinity of Antofagasta, is discussed after hydrogeochemical and isotopic studies and supported by groundwater flow hydrodynamic considerations. Spring water is brackish to saline, with electrical conductivity ranging from 2 to 25 mS/cm. Chemical and w...
El estudio de los cambios climáticos que han tenido lugar en los trópicos durante el Holoceno representa una gran oportunidad para comprender (1) los mecanismos climáticos que los provocan y (2) el papel jugado por el efecto de las bajas latitudes en el desencadenamiento y transferencia de la señal climática entre el hemisferio norte y el hemisferi...
Carbonate and organic matter sedimentation and isotopic signatures in Lake Chungará, Chilean altiplano, during the last 12.3 kyr, Palaeogeography (2011), doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.05.036 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manu...
Most human activities and hydrogeological information on small young volcanic islands are near the coastal area. There are almost no hydrological data from inland areas, where permanent springs and/or boreholes may be rare or nonexistent. A major concern is the excessive salinity of near-the-coast wells. Obtaining a conceptual hydrogeological model...
Lake Chungará (18°15'S, 69°09'W, 4520 m above sea-level) is the largest (22.5 km2) and deepest (40 m) lacustrine ecosystem in the Chilean Altiplano and its location in an active volcanic setting, provides an opportunity to evaluate environmental (volcanic vs. climatic) controls on lacustrine sedimentation. The Late Quaternary depositional history o...
Lake Chungará and Cotacotani lake districts are surface water bodies located to the northwest of Lauca Basin in the northern Chilean Altiplano. Surface and underground waters show low to moderate saline content and an electrical conductivity in the range of 48.7 to 3090 μS/cm. The lakes are related to a system of aquifers on the nearby volcano flan...
Lake Chungara and Cotacotani lake districts are surface water bodies located to the northwest of Lauca Basin in the northern Chilean Altiplano. Surface and underground waters show low to moderate saline content and an electrical conductivity in the range of 48.7 to 3090 mu S/cm. The lakes are related to a system of aquifers on the nearby volcano fl...
The El Tatio geothermal field is located at an height of 4200-4300 m on the Cordillera de los Andes (Altiplano). Geysers, hot pools and mudpots in the geothermal field and local meteoric waters were sampled in April 2002 and analyzed for major and trace elements, δ2H, δ18O and 3H of water, δ34S and δ18O of dissolved sulfate, δ13C of dissolved total...
Holocene records of moisture availability in the Central Andes and the Altiplano show contrasting and even opposite signals and time-transgressive millennial-scale climatic changes across the region, particularly between the Titicaca Basin and the Atacama Altiplano. A multiproxy study of a 13 kyr record of Lago Chungará (18° 15' S, 69° 10' W, 4520...
New surveys and samplings have been carried out in Easter Island to advance the hydrogeological knowledge of small, relatively recent volcanic islands. From the work being done, tritium data have been selected from the scarce points of access to the aquifer, and from the dripping inside three shallow volcanic tubes, to be compared to precipitation...
The hydrogeochemical and isotopic study from the central area of Fuerteventura Island shows that groundwater presents high salinity, which increases downwards. In the Basal Complex of the Betancuria massif it is possible to differenciate an Upper Unit, with groundwater of relatively moderate electrical conductivity (2.5-5.5 μS/cm) and temperature b...
The lake Chungará (18° 15' S, 69° 10' W, 4520 m a.s.l.) is located at the northeastern edge of the Lauca Basin. Its origin is related to the emplacement of the Parinacota volcano debris avalanche that blocked the Chungará River. The age of this episode is controversial, ranging from late Pleistocene (ca. 18 ka) to early Holocene (8 Ka). Previous st...
Nomad was deployed for a 45 day traverse in the Atacama Desert, Chile, during the summer of 1997. During this traverse, 1 week was devoted to science experiments. The goal of the science experiments was to test different planetary surface exploration strategies that included (1) a Mars mission simulation, (2) a science on the fly experiment, where...
During the Nomad Rover Field Experiment in the Atacama Desert (Chile), a potential fossil was identified in a boulder by the science team remotely located at NASA Ames Research Center, California. The science team requested the collecting of the boulder that was returned for laboratory analysis. This analysis confirmed the evidence of paleolife. As...
Chloride and bromide are two ions which behave close to the ideal tracer. In most cases they have a common origin in fresh groundwater which is the incorporation of marine aerosol to atmospheric precipitation. But their presence is not fully parallel and as a consequence they may help to identify groundwater origin under appropriate circumstances....
Se han realizado nuevos reconocimientos y muestreos en Isla de Pascua para avanzar en el conocimiento hidrogeológico de pequeñas islas volcánicas relativamente recientes. Del trabajo en curso se han seleccionado los datos de tritio en los pocos puntos de acceso al acuífero y de los goteos de tres tubos volcánicos someros para compararlos con los de...
Projects
Projects (5)
Dear Colleagues,
The field of Energy/Environmental/Government/Tourism Economics has been constantly changing and that green energy/tourism research has a rapidly evolving structure. Although numerous energy/tourism economics studies have been published, the comprehensive intellectual improvement process of the energy/tourism economics field in energy/tourism study is not well depicted due to lack of green energy/tourism studies in this field. Therefore, a need exists for green studies that reveal the intellectual structure of the field. Such studies are valuable in terms of indicating the significance of the field, the development trend, showing the extent to which issues need to be studied in the future, and guiding the improvement of the field. Also, green energy/tourism studies assist to reflect the research trends in that field and indicate the research trend in a particular field. The results of this research may advance knowledge and understanding in the general area of the green energy/government/environmental /tourism research field. Also, it provides a useful information for energy innovators/researchers to improve and improve their research plan/experience. Especially, knowledge of green energy/tourism research can help increase positive green energy/tourism research projects, such as sharing economy, open innovation, sustainability, innovation and technology. Contributions can be represented by original research papers or review papers.
Due to editorial procedure, between the first submission in the electronic system and the publication, it takes at least one year for such a Special Issue to be published. However, the online version of the accepted papers will be available one month after acceptance.
The issue, collecting all articles, will then be printed at least one year after the submission deadline. The paper publication will only be done when the special issue will be fully completed and not before.
Papers written by scientists, engineers/economist and other professionals working in the energy/environmental/tourism area will be received from countries on all continents.
The following topics are included with respect to the application of energy/environmental/tourism approach in ENTECON issue, but are not limited to:
• Energy, Environmental & Innovation policy with focus on green energy & tourism under COP26 and SDGs,
• Green (Renewable & Natural gas & Bio etc…) energy use under Climate change,
• Energy, Environmental & Tourism development effects on CO2 emissions,
• Innovative & sustainable energy/environment/production under economic development,
• Energy & Tourism Demand - Supply site with government spending and innovation,
• Uncertanity & Freedom on energy, environment and tourism under climate change and pollution,
Realistic Timeline:
Open call for paper: June 01, 2022
Deadline for full paper submissions: October 01, 2022.
All invited papers will be subject to the same rigorous peer-review process as regular submissions to the journal, and upon publication each author team will be provided with a free pdf file of the article. We ask that you submit your manuscript directly to the ESPR editorial office by online submission at https://www.editorialmanager.com/espr/default.aspx. All invited articles will go through the same rigorous peer-review procedure as standard submissions to the journal.
Please also refer to the Submission Guidelines (https://www.springer.com/journal/11356/submission-guidelines ) prior to submission for the proper format of your manuscripts.
The Uploading Steps:
First please submit your paper and choose SI section first and than ENTECON.
Evaluar el funcionamiento hidrogeológico de la cuenca de Santiago a través de metodologías hidrogeoquímicas y multi-isotópicas para definir futuros escenarios sostenibles de extracción de agua subterránea para mejorar la resiliencia y la sostenibilidad en un clima cambiante.
Desarrollar una cartera de proyectos orientado al desarrollo de soluciones tecnológicas en temáticas de gestión eficiente de los recursos hídricos como una manera de hacer frente a los desafíos que imponen los efectos del cambio climático, la variabilidad climática y los eventos extremos como la sequía.