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January 2000 - November 2014
Publications
Publications (175)
The understanding of radiation-induced non-cancer effects on the central nervous system (CNS) is essential for the medical setting (e.g., radiotherapy), and occupational exposures, such as nuclear workers or astronauts. Herein, the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) approach was used to consolidate relevant studies in the area of cognitive decline for i...
Background
Adaptation to a stressor can lead to costs on other traits. These costs play an unavoidable role on fitness and influence the evolutionary trajectory of a population. Host defense seems highly subject to these costs, possibly because its maintenance is energetically costly but essential to the survival. When assessing the ecological risk...
Purpose:
Task Group 121 - Effects of ionizing radiation exposure in offspring and next generations - is a task group under the Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), approved by the Main Commission on 18th November 2021. The main goals of Task Group 121 are to (1) review and update the scientific literature...
A Task Group (TG121) of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Committee 1 was launched in 2021 to study the effects of ionizing radiation in offspring and next generations. In this report, we summarize the evidence of multi- and trans-generational effects in non-human biota species that was discussed at the ICRP workshop en...
The European Association of National Metrology Institutes (EURAMET) within its research programme European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research (EMPIR) funded project EMPIR 19NET03 supportBSS that contributes to the establishment of a European Metrology Network (EMN) for Radiation Protection (RP). The EMN-RP was established in September...
Simple Summary
Radiotherapy is a common treatment for cancer and is used for approximately half of cancer patients around the globe. In recent years, significant advancements in technology and imaging have allowed for more accurate targeting of tumor cells using protons while minimizing damage to healthy tissues. Despite these advancements, the com...
The understanding of radiation-induced non-cancer effects on the central nervous system (CNS) is essential for the medical setting (e.g., radiotherapy), and occupational exposures, such as nuclear workers or astronauts. Herein, the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) approach was used to consolidate relevant studies in the area of cognitive decline for i...
In the environment, populations are exposed to different kinds of ionizing radiation. Little is known about their modes of action on non-human species, and whether or not they are similar for alpha, beta and gamma radiations, considered as the reference. In this context, tritium effects (beta emitter) under the form of tritiated water (HTO) were in...
Ionizing radiation can reduce survival, reproduction and affect development, and lead to the extinction of populations if their evolutionary response is insufficient. However, demographic and evolutionary studies on the effects of ionizing radiation are still scarce. Using an experimental evolution approach, we analyzed population growth rate and a...
Purpose: The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework, a systematic tool that can link available mechanistic data with phenotypic outcomes of relevance to regulatory decision-making, is being explored in areas related to radiation risk assessment. To examine the challenges including the use of AOPs to support the radiation protection community, an i...
Ions microbeam are important in several fields, in particular in the improvement, identification and prevention of side effects resulting from the use of ionizing radiation, especially for therapeutic purposes in radiotherapy and more particularly in hadrontherapy. To study this field, the Institute for Radiological protection and Nuclear Safety (I...
Outcrossing can be advantageous in a changing environment because it promotes the purge of deleterious mutations and increases the genetic diversity within a population, which may improve population persistence and evolutionary potential. Some species may therefore switch their reproductive mode from inbreeding to outcrossing when under environment...
Background:
Brain development during embryogenesis and in early postnatal life is particularly complex and involves the interplay of many cellular processes and molecular mechanisms, making it extremely vulnerable to exogenous insults, including ionizing radiation (IR). Microcephaly is one of the most frequent neurodevelopmental abnormalities that...
High levels of ionizing radiation (IR) are known to induce neurogenesis defects with harmful consequences on brain morphogenesis and cognitive functions, but the effects of chronic low to moderate dose rates of IR remain largely unknown. In this study, we aim at defining the main molecular pathways impacted by IR and how these effects can translate...
Over the course of the last years, ion microbeams have become important in several fields. In radiation biology, for example, studies aim at identifying, understanding, and preventing the side effects resulting from the use of ionizing radiation, for therapeutic purposes in radiotherapy, and more particularly in hadrontherapy. To carry out this res...
Ion microbeams have emerged as a powerful tool in several domains of radiation biology, from the evaluation of environmental and occupational risks of exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation, to the study of temporal evolution of DNA damage and repair after irradiation of targeted (sub)cellular components. This paper reports the development and...
Despite the ubiquity of pollutants in the environment, their long‐term ecological consequences are not always clear and still poorly studied. This is the case concerning the radioactive contamination of the environment following the major nuclear accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Notwithstanding the implications of evolutionary process...
More than 23 million workers worldwide are occupationally
exposed to ionizing radiation and all people in the world are exposed to
environmental radiation. The mean exposure, that is the mean annual dose of
per person, is dominated by medical applications and exposure to natural
sources. Due to recent developments in healthcare, e.g. the increasing...
“It appeared that OBT content in organisms was low with an OBT/TFWT ratio of about 8% for both stages (24 hpf and 96 hpf).” Should be read as “It appeared that OBT content in organisms was low with an OBT/TFWT ratio of about 8% and 14% at 24 hpf and 96 hphf respectively”.
Chronical exposures to biological, chemical and physical stressors can be particularly detrimental during the early phase of embryonic development, increasing the risk of brain dysfunctions after birth [...]
Despite the ubiquity of pollutants in the environment, their long-term ecological consequences are not always clear and still poorly studied. This is the case concerning the radioactive contamination of the environment following the major nuclear accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Notwithstanding the implications of evolutionary process...
The long-term consequences of the nuclear disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) that occurred on March 2011, have been scarcely studied on wildlife. We sampled Japanese tree frogs (Dryophytes japonicus), in a 50 –km area around the FDNPP to test for an increase of DNA damages and variation of DNA methylation level. The ambie...
The objective was to investigate the effects of ionizing radiation induced in zebrafish early life stages by coupling responses obtained at the molecular (genotoxicity, ROS production, gene expression) and phenotypic (tissue alteration, embryo-larval development) levels. Here we present results obtained after exposure of 3 hpf larvae to 10 days of...
Objectives: The objective of this paper is to present the results of discussions at a workshop held as part of the International Congress of Radiation Research (Environmental Health stream) in Manchester UK, 2019. The main objective of the workshop was to provide a platform for radioecologists to engage with radiobiologists to address major questio...
Embryonic development is particularly vulnerable to stress and DNA damage, as mutations can accumulate through cell proliferation in a wide number of cells and organs. However, the biological effects of chronic exposure to ionising radiation (IR) at low and moderate dose rates (< 6 mGy/h) remain largely controversial, raising concerns for environme...
Tritium (³H) is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen. In the environment, the most common form of tritium is tritiated water (HTO). However, tritium can also be incorporated into organic molecules, forming organically bound tritium (OBT). The present study characterized the effects of tritium on the health of the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas. F...
Contamination of the environment after the Chernobyl and Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (NPP) disasters led to the exposure of a large number of humans and wild animals to radioactive substances. However, the sub-lethal consequences induced by these absorbed radiological doses remain understudied and the long-term biological impacts largely...
Tritium (3H), a radioactive isotope of hydrogen, is ubiquitously present in the environment. In a previous study, we highlighted a mis-regulation of genes involved in muscle contraction, eye transparency and response to DNA damages after exposure of zebrafish embryo-larvae from 3 hpf to 96 hpf at 0.4 and 4 mGy/h of tritiated water (HTO). The presen...
Tritium, a radioactive isotope of hydrogen of natural and anthropogenic origin, is ubiquitously present in the environment. Effluents of nuclear center of production are significant anthropogenic sources. With the upcoming project of thermonuclear fusion, tritium releases in the environment may increase. It is therefore important to characterize th...
Multigenerational studies has become of great interest in ecotoxicology since the consequence of parental exposure to contaminants on offspring generations was established in situ or in laboratory conditions. This study mainly examined the chronic effects of external Cs‐137 gamma irradiation exposure at 4 dose rates (control, 0.5, 5 and 50 mGy h‐1)...
Terrestrial ecosystems are exposed to various kinds of pollutants, including radionuclides. The honeybee, Apis mellifera, is commonly used in ecotoxicology as a model species for evaluating the effects of pollutants. In the present study, honeybees were irradiated right after birth for 14 days with gamma rays at dose rates ranging between 4.38 × 10...
The issue of potential long-term or hereditary effects for both humans and wildlife exposed to low doses (or dose rates)of ionising radiation is a major concern. Chronic exposure to ionising radiation, defined as an exposure over a large fraction of the organism's lifespan or even over several generations, can possibly have consequences in the prog...
Tritium entering the aquatic environment can confer a whole body internal radiological dose to aquatic organisms. Multiple stressors inherent in natural environments, however, confound estimates for observable radiation specific responses. To disentangle differences between field and laboratory outcomes to tritium exposures, a multivariate analysis...
Tritium (3H) is mainly released into the environment in the form of tritiated water (HTO) by nuclear power plants and nuclear fuel reprocessing plants. To better understand how organisms may be affected by contamination to 3H it is essential to link observed effects to a correct estimation of absorbed dose rates. Due to quick isotopic exchanges bet...
Zebrafish were chronically exposed to Am-241, an alpha-emitting radionuclide via daily consumption of an enriched artificial diet. Am-241 uptake was quantified in Danio rerio after 5 and 21 days of exposure via daily Am-spiked food ingestion and after 21 days of exposure followed by 5 days of depuration. Americium accumulates mostly in digestive tr...
The ALLIANCE working group on effects of ionising radiation on wildlife brings together European researchers to work on the topics of radiosensitivity and transgenerational effects in non-human biota. Differences in radiation sensitivity across species and phyla are poorly understood, but have important implications for understanding the overall ef...
The nuclear accident in the Fukushima prefecture released a large amount of artificial radionuclides that might have short- and long-term biological effects on wildlife. Ionizing radiation can be a harmful source of reactive oxygen species, and previous studies have already shown reduced fitness effects in exposed animals in Chernobyl. Due to their...
Tritium (3H) is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen. In the environment, the most common form of tritium is tritiated water (HTO). The present study aimed to identify early biomarkers of HTO contamination through the use of an aquatic model, the zebrafish (Danio rerio). We used the zebrafish embryo-larvae model to investigate the modes of action of H...
Our aim was to investigate epigenetic changes in Daphnia magna after a 25-day chronic external gamma irradiation (generation F0 exposed to 6.5 µGy h-1 or 41.3 mGy h-1) and their potential inheritance by subsequent recovering generations, namely F2 (exposed as germline cells in F1 embryos) and F3 (the first truly unexposed generation). Effects on su...
Aquatic ecosystems are chronically exposed to radionuclides as well as other pollutants. Increased concentrations of pollutants in aquatic environments can present a risk to exposed organisms, including fish. The goal of this study was to characterize the effects of tritium, in the context of natural environments, on the health of fathead minnow, P...
The concentration of depleted uranium (DU) in the environment is expected to increase due to anthropogenic activities, posing potential risks on ecosystems. The effects of chronic exposure to DU at concentration close to the environmental standards (0.3-30 µg DU/L) are scarcely characterised. Genomic alterations caused by low doses of pollutants ca...
Uranium is an actinide naturally found in the environment. Anthropogenic activities lead to the release of increasing amounts of uranium and depleted uranium (DU) in the environment, posing potential risks to aquatic organisms due to radiological and chemical toxicity of this radionucleide. Although environmental contaminations with high levels of...
Enrichment of up-stream regulators based on the molecular signature observed in the mRNAseq-datasets.
The enrichment of upstream-regulators (transcription factors and chromatin remodelers) was performed by selecting mis-regulated genes and fetching the human orthologues. The condition, the enriched transcriptional regulators as well as the p-values...
ARRIVE guidelines checklist.
(PDF)
Hierarchical clustering.
(A) Hierarchical clustering of Euclidean distances of all samples and all genes analysed by mRNAseq. Red: low distance (high correlation), yellow high distance (low correlation). *: outliers removed in the subsequent analysis due to high variability. (B) Hierarchical clustering of the Euclidean distances of 22 selected samp...
Gene Ontology enrichment.
(A) Heatmap of adjusted p-values in the 96 hpf larvae for the genes involved in response to oxidative stress (GO:0006979, n = 63 genes) and in lipid metabolic process (GO:0006629, n = 539 genes). The colour code displays the log10(adjusted p-value). (B) MA-plot showing the differential expression of genes involved in respo...
Enrichment of Gene Ontology terms in adult brain, testis and ovaries from DU-exposed fish.
The set of genes used for the analysis and the GO terms are indicated. The p-values correspond to the results of the Fisher’s exact-test.
(XLSX)
List of genes co-regulated in both adult brain and testis after 10 days of chronic exposure to DU.
The log2(fold change) and adjusted p-values are indicated for both conditions compared to controls.
(XLSX)
List of human disorders enriched after DU-exposure.
The human orthologues of the deregulated zebrafish genes were used for the enrichment (cutoff log2 fold change > ±1 and adjusted p-values < 0.01). The MESH terms identifiers, disease name, adjusted p-values and genes identity (human annotations) are indicated.
(XLSX)
List of the human gene orthologues potentially involved in DU-associated diseases.
Human orthologues that characterise the MESH terms and that are also deregulated in the zebrafish datasets at 96 hpf and two-cells stage (cutoff log2 fold change > ±1 and p-values < 0.01).
(XLSX)
Enrichment of Gene Ontology terms at the two-cells stage and in 96 hpf larvae.
The set of genes used for the analysis are indicated (cut-off used for the genes selection: log2 fold change > ±1 and adjusted p-values < 0.01). The p-values correspond to the results of the Fisher’s exact-test.
(XLSX)
List of the potential up-stream regulators and their differential expression in the mRNAseq datasets.
The zebrafish genes identifiers and the adjusted p-values (FDR) are provided. ne: not expressed.
(XLSX)
Venn-diagram of down-regulated genes after DU-exposure in the brain and the testis.
(TIF)
Enrichment of disorders in the progeny of the DU-exposed fish.
(A) Analysis of the disorders (MESH terms) enriched in the progeny of DU-exposed fish at two-cells stage and 96 hpf. (B) Venn-diagram of human orthologues that characterise human disorders (MESH terms) and that are also differentially expressed in the two-cells stage embryos and the 96...
Quality control of paired end reads generated by mRNAseq.
The number of reads and the mean quality scores (phred-score, Q) are indicated for each sample. PF: clusters passing Illumina chastity filter. DU: fish exposed to DU.
(XLSX)
Enrichment of GO terms with human orthologues.
The list of GO terms and the deregulated genes (human annotations) are indicated.
(XLSX)
This study investigated the effects of adult zebrafish exposure to a nominal concentration of 20 μg L⁻¹ of depleted uranium (DU) for six days upon DNA methylation, gene expression and the appearance of histopathological damage in their progeny. In the embryos at the 2-8 cell stage, the parental exposure induced significant DU accumulation, with lev...
To get closer to the environmental reality, ecotoxicological studies should no longer consider the evaluation of a single pollutant, but rather combination of stress and their interaction. The aim of this study was to determine if responses of a fish to a sudden biological stress could be modified by a prior exposure to a chemical stress (a polymet...
Human activities have led to increased levels of various pollutants including metals in aquatic ecosystems. Increase of metallic concentrations in aquatic environments represents a potential risk to exposed organisms, including fish. The aim of this study was to characterize the environmental risk to fish health linked to a polymetallic contaminati...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of caging constraints on multiple fish biomarkers used during ecotoxicological studies (biometric data, immune and antioxidant systems, and energetic status). Two of these constraints were linked to caging: starvation and fish density in cages, and one in relation to the post-caging handling: a shor...
The combined effects of low-dose or high-dose alpha particles and depleted uranium (DU) in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were studied. Three schemes were examined—(i) [ILUL]: 0.44 mGy alpha-particle dose + 10 µg/l DU exposure, (ii) [IHUH]: 4.4 mGy alpha-particle dose + 100 µg/l DU exposure and (iii) [IHUL]: 4.4 mGy alpha-particle dose + 10 µg/l D...
In this paper we present Caesium (134Cs and 137Cs) activity concentrations as measured during two life stages of passerine birds collected in Fukushima prefecture one year after the nuclear accident. We examined various adult specimens (i.e. Varied Tit Poecile varius, Oriental Greenfinch Chloris sinica and Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus) and...
In the environment, living organisms are exposed to a mixture of stressors, and the combined effects are deemed as multiple stressor effects. In the present work, the authors studied the multiple stressor effect in embryos of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) from simultaneous exposure to alpha particles and depleted uranium (DU) through quantification o...
Ecological risk assessments for radioactive substances are based on a number of inference rules to compensate for knowledge gaps, and generally require the implementation of a weight-of-evidence approach. Until recently, dose (rate)-response relationships used to derive radioprotection criteria for wildlife have mainly relied on laboratory studies...
The effects of chronic exposure to 137Cs gamma radiation (dose rate ranging from 6.6 to 42.7 mGy h−1) on growth and reproductive ability were carried out over three generations of Caenorhabditis elegans (F0, F1, and F2). Exposure began at the egg stage for the first generation and was stopped at the end of laying of third-generation eggs (F2). At t...
Understanding how toxic contaminants affect wildlife species at various levels of biological organisation (sub-cellular, histological, physiological, organism, population levels) is a major research goal in both ecotoxicology and radioecology. A mechanistic understanding of the links between the different observed perturbations is necessary to pred...
The term "bystander effect" is used to describe an effect in which cells that have not been exposed to radiation are affected by irradiated cells though various intracellular signaling mechanisms. In this study we analyzed the kinetics and mechanisms of bystander effect and radioadaptation in embryonic zebrafish cells (ZF4) exposed to chronic low d...
In this study, we investigated the effects of depleted uranium (DU), the by-product of nuclear enrichment of uranium, on several parameters related to oxidative stress, detoxification, and the defence system in the zebrafish Danio rerio. Several parameters were recorded: phenoloxidase-like (PO) activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, an...
This chapter aims to describe the lessons learned from the studies of radionuclide behaviour in the vicinity of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, as an example of radionuclide migration in a contaminated surface site. Thus, the Chernobyl Pilot Site (1999-2003) and Experimental Platform In Chernobyl (2004-2008) projects have improved our understand...
Aluminium is a toxic metal whose genotoxicity has been scarcely studied in aquatic species and more generally in mammals. Recently, human and ecological disaster caused by the discharge of red mud in Hungary has revived questions about the toxicity of this metal particularly for the environment. On the contrary, cadmium is a highly toxic metal whos...
To meet the growing demands in the field of toxicology for evaluation and management of environmental and health risks, it is important to understand rationally and effectively both geochemical and biological processes involved in the accumulation of radioactive trace elements and their toxic effects. In this chapter we review these issues by treat...
The effect of chronic exposure to uranium ions (UO(2)(2+)) on sensory tissues including the olfactory and lateral line systems was investigated in zebrafish (Danio rerio) using scanning electron microscopy. The aim of this study was to determine whether exposure to uranium damaged sensory tissues in fish. The fish were exposed to uranium at the con...
