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Prepolymers containing hexamethoxymethyl melamine and either sucrose (Suc-HMMM) or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-HMMM) were prepared by acid catalysis under reaction conditions optimised with respect to stiffening effect when introduced into Pinus radiata veneers by vacuum impregnation and cured by hot pressing at 150 C. Maximum increases in MOE were 20%...
An investigation of the effects on decay and termite resistance of a wood modification process involving prepolymers of hexamethoxymethyl melamine (HMMM) was conducted using LVL as a model engineered wood product. Dry Pinus radiata veneers were vacuum-impregnated with a wood modification formulation containing a mixture (P-H:S-H) of two separate pr...
Non-aqueous solvents have a long history in the treatment of wood products in various parts of the world. The most familiar solvent treatment is the 'light organic solvent preservative' (LOSP) treatment based on low density solvents such as white sprit. Until recently white spirit was the only non-aqueous solvent approved for use in wood preservati...
Advance Gold (AG) is a new agricultural compounds & veterinary medicines (ACVM)-registered budbreak enhancer for Gold3 kiwifruit. It contains salicylic acid as the active ingredient, and is used in conjunction with nitrogen and calcium salts. Gold3 kiwifruit blocks in the Bay of Plenty up to 1 ha in area were sprayed using convention air blast spra...
We have measured the susceptibility of carrots to the storage pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum after roots were treated postharvest with a 0.2% (w/v) chitosan hydrolysate (number average degree of polymerisation = 7) prepared using Streptomyces N-174 chitosanase. Whereas the hydrolysate did not affect radial growth of S. sclerotiorum colonies on p...
The Janthinobacterium lividum chi69 chitinase gene linked to the Kluyveromyces lactis killer toxin secretion signal was ligated to the galactose-inducible CYC-GAL hybrid promoter of pEMBLyex4 and transferred directly into Saccharomyces cerevisiae DY-150. Exogenous chitinase activity assayed with 4-methylumbelliferyl-ß-chitotrioside reached a maximu...
Out of six marine fungi examined, two, Corollospora maritima Werdermann, strain 198 and Lindra obtusa Nakagiri et Tubaki, strain 4937, grew on chitin and produced chitinolytic enzymes. Corollospora maritima showed higher growth rates and enzyme activity and was studied further. Crude, purified and colloidal chitin, as well as N-acetylglucosamine (G...
Dithiothreitol (DTT) extraction of N-acetylglucosaminidase and trehalase from intact Candida albicans ATCC 10261 cells was monitored as an index of cell envelope porosity during N-acetylglucosamine-induced morphogenesis. Trehalase, which is secreted into the cell envelope during starvation and bud-formation, displayed similar extraction kinetics in...
We had earlier reported a uteroglobin promoter-binding factor in nuclei from progesterone-stimulated rabbit endometrium that was inhibited by a factor in nuclei without progesterone stimulation or from non-target tissues (Rider, V., and Bullock, D.W., 1988. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 156, 1368-1375). In the course of purification of the inhibitor...
Two forms of N-acetylglucosaminidase were purified to homogeneity by ion exchange (TSK DEAE-3SW, Aquapore CX-300) and gel filtration (TSK G4000 SW) HPLC of Candida albicans ATCC 10261 culture filtrates. Synthesis and secretion of N-acetylglucosaminidase were induced by incubating starved yeast cells at 37 degrees C in medium containing N-acetylgluc...
Intact Candida albicans yeast cells were radiolabelled with 125I, and cell wall, mixed membrane and soluble fractions prepared. The majority (67%) of the 125I was detected in the protein of the cell wall fraction at a specific activity 70-fold higher than that in the membrane or soluble fractions. SDS treatment of the cell wall fraction released 52...
The uptake of nutrients (glucose, glutamine, and N-acetylglucosamine), the intracellular concentrations of metabolites (glucose-6-phosphate, cyclic AMP, amino acids, trehalose, and glycogen) and cell wall composition were studied in Candida albicans. These analyses were carried out with exponential-phase, stationary-phase, and starved yeast cells,...
