
Chris IdzikowskiThe Open University · Law School
Chris Idzikowski
PhD, FBPsS
About
43
Publications
5,740
Reads
How we measure 'reads'
A 'read' is counted each time someone views a publication summary (such as the title, abstract, and list of authors), clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the full-text. Learn more
1,775
Citations
Introduction
Looking at fuzzy cognitive mapping applied to 'forensic sleep medicine'
Additional affiliations
October 1993 - September 1996
October 1999 - September 2004
September 1991 - June 1992
Publications
Publications (43)
Ritanserin, a specific 5-HT2 antagonist, was given to volunteers in a double-blind placebo controlled sleep study. Slow wave sleep doubled in duration at the expense of stage 2. The finding that a serotonin antagonist changed the architecture of sleep without producing insomnia is of fundamental importance and calls for a re-examination of traditio...
Inexperienced speakers were tested shortly before they presented colloquium papers at a public forum. Increases in anxiety and arousal were found using subjective and ECG measures. Performance deteriorated in digit span and verbal fluency but not in logical reasoning, tick length or the Stroop test. However, degree of decrement was small and rate o...
Synopsis
Societies have long recognized that inappropriate sleep-related behaviors cannot be treated by law in the same way as fully conscious waking behaviors.
Sleep experts are called to assist the jury in deciding the mental state of the accused at the time of their alleged criminal behaviour. This task is difficult as the literature on many sleep disorders, particularly sleepwalking and other parasomnias, is still largely a matter of case reports and case series. The probative value of much of the evid...
Initial reflections on the area of sleep-related sexual behaviours that lead to criminal charges.
More is now known about the human pharmacology of sleep than a decade ago, but there are still enormous gaps in our understanding and there is still a lack of effective, specific, goal-directed therapeutic agents. Perhaps this is not surprising considering sleep's plurality its patterns and internal structure varying across animal species and human...
Sleep disorders are common in the general population and even more so in clinical practice, yet are relatively poorly understood by doctors and other health care practitioners. These British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines are designed to address this problem by providing an accessible up-to-date and evidence-based outline of the majo...
The prediction of sleep apnoea and hypopnoea episodes could allow treatment to be applied before the event be- comes detrimental to the patients sleep, and for a more spe- cific form of treatment. It is proposed that features extracted from breaths preceding an apnoea and hypopnoea could be used in neural networks for the prediction of these events...
A sleep apnoea episode prediction system is presented that is based exclusively on the airflow signal. Detection of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is generally carried out using polysomnography, with the data being analysed and a diagnosis formed. Being able to predict when a sleep apnoea episode is going to occur will allow for treatment to be app...
In the late 1970s/early 1980s, Baddeley and colleagues conducted a series of experiments investigating the role of eye movements in visual working memory. Although only described briefly in a book, these studies have influenced a remarkable number of empirical and theoretical developments in fields ranging from experimental psychology to human neur...
Benzodiazepines and other psychotropic drugs have been implicated in the production of memory deficits. The mechanism is unclear, but both a distinct pharmacological action and a non-specific sedative effect have been suggested as being causal or contributory. These two postulated mechanisms of action may be examined separately by using sleep depri...
Effects of recent food ingestion on daytime sleepiness were assessed in 16 subjects (8 men and 8 women) who were each studied on two occasions, 28 days apart. On each occasion, subjects ate a high-fat low-carbohydrate (CHO) (fat/CHO energy ratio 54:41) meal and an isoenergetic low-fat high-CHO meal (fat/CHO energy ratio 7:88) 4 h apart in a counter...
The concept of health-related quality of life is increasingly being applied to therapeutic agents, and could now be regarded as the third element of effectiveness, together with efficacy against the symptoms and signs of illness, and the absence or low incidence of adverse effects. Despite unresolved conceptual issues surrounding the definitions of...
Selection of hypnotics for drug formularies in The Netherlands, France and the UK is made by means of the System of Objectified Judgement Analysis (SOJA) method. The following criteria are included in the method: clinical efficacy (maximal 300 points), adverse effects (250 points), clinical documentation (150 points), cost (120 points), pharmacokin...
Both antipsychotic and anticholinergic drugs have been implicated in the production of the memory deficits seen in schizophrenia. We compared the effects of chlorpromazine (50 mg) and benzhexol (5 mg) with placebo on a battery of tests of memory, psychomotor function and mood, in 12 healthy volunteers. Benzhexol, but not chlorpromazine, impaired bo...
With the increased interest in sleep disorders, the definition of insomnia has been refined and extended so that the aetiology of these disorders is considered in addition to their operational characteristics. The International Classification of Sleep Disorders is the most advanced nosology available. It encompasses, although it does not define, th...
Extensive questioning of patients with a wide variety of skin disorders led to the impression that nocturnal overheating was probably an important factor in the initiation and the perpetuation of many skin disorders.
In order to test the hypothesis, 12 "clean-skinned" subjects (6M/6F) aged 18 to 45 years were monitored electronically every 30 secon...
The acute hypnotic effects of hydroxyzine 25 mg and 50 mg nocte, were examined in six male and six female volunteers. Continuous electrophysiological measures (C-EEG) were taken to assess both nocturnal sleep and sleep tendency the following day. Both doses produced significant reductions in sleep onset latency and decreases in waking during sleep;...
Handbook of Sleep Disorders (Neurological Disease and Therapy Series 6) ($198, 920 pp., 1990) is published by Marcel Dekker, New York. It is essentially an American book (with 24 out of 36 chapters originating from North America) with a distinctly American point of view. The book has been edited by Professor M. J. Thorpy, the Chairman of the Diagno...
This study investigated the effects of placebo, 1 mg, 3 mg, 10 mg and 30 mg ritanserin and 10 mg diazepam on human sleep. Twelve normal volunteers participated in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over sleep study. A clear dose-response relationship was found for ritanserin with higher doses evoking increased duration of slow...
To address the question of synchrony between two major biorhythms with a similar periodicity, the cortical rapid eye movement (REM)/non-REM sleep cycle and the enteric migrating motor complex (MMC cycle), we recorded upper small bowel motor activity and sleep activity during nocturnal and diurnal sleep in six healthy subjects. Motility was measured...
The effects of chronic treatment (5 mg b.i.d. for 2 days followed by 10 mg b.i.d. for 5 days) with R 58 735 on human memory functions were studied in healthy elderly (age greater than or equal to 50 years) volunteers in a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Serial learning of nonsense syllables was better under R 58 735, and relearning 1 week af...
Trainee parachutists were tested on two occasions during a two-day training course. The first test was always on day 1 when no jumping occurred, while the second test either occurred on the afternoun of day 1 (control group) or occurred immediately prior to entering the aircraft for their first ever jump on the afternoon of day 2 (fear group). Leve...
A previous study has shown that acute administration of the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist ritanserin doubles Slow Wave Sleep (SWS) and increases the prolactin (PRL) response to L-tryptophan (LTP). The present study investigated the effect of repeated ritanserin treatment on sleep, neuroendocrine response to LTP and 5-HT2 platelet receptor binding. Afte...
We report the results of an exposure chamber study in which volunteers were exposed to 0, 950 mg.m−3 (175 ppm) and 1,900 mg.m−3 (350 ppm) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane for 3.5 hours. The time-course of the behavioral changes and the relationship to blood concentrations of 1,1,1-trichloroethane were investigated.
A pattern of performance deficits consist...
The open-sea performance of divers at depth may be substantially lower than would be predicted from dry pressure-chamber simulation studies. This has been attributed to the effects of anxiety. This hypothesis was explored using a land-based study in which the manual dexterity of 32 novice divers was tested using a screwplate test on two occasions,...
The possible effects that sleep may have on long-term memory are first considered using the restorative hypothesis of sleep. This hypothesis proposes that protein synthesis is facilitated by sleep. The confounding role of circadian rhythms in previous sleep and memory experiments is also considered. Two experiments are reported. The first experimen...
Thirty-two volunteers learned a sentence after awakening from early in the first REM period of sleep and recalled it after awakening from the third REM period, under experimental conditions that controlled for state dependency. The tetracycline antibiotic doxycycline (200 mg), taken at bedtime, impaired recall possibly through a putative inhibitory...
The results suggest that there is no correlation between the amount of REM sleep of normal adolescents and their intelligence, as measured by conventional means. It is still possible that other criteria of intellectual function may relate to neurophysiological measures.