Chris Foulon

CNRS

Stroke is a significant cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide, with variable recovery trajectories posing substantial challenges in anticipating post-event care and rehabilitation planning. The NeuralCup 2023 consortium was established to address these challenges by comparing the predictability of stroke outcome models through a col...

This study investigates the efficacy of deep-learning models in expediting the generation of disconnectomes for individualized prediction of neuropsychological outcomes one year after stroke. Utilizing a 3D U-Net network, we trained a model on a dataset of N=1333 synthetic lesions and corresponding disconnectomes, subsequently applying it to N=1333...

Understanding complex phenomena often requires analyzing high-dimensional data to uncover emergent properties that arise from multifactorial interactions. Here, we present EMUSES (Emerging-properties Mapping Using Spatial Embedding Statistics), an innovative approach employing Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) to create high-dime...

Treatments are prescribed to individuals in pursuit of contemporaneously unobserved outcomes, based on evidence derived from populations with historically observed treatments and outcomes. Since neither treatments nor outcomes are typically replicable in the same individual, alternatives remain counterfactual in both settings. Prescriptive fidelity...

Deep learning as a truly transformative force is revolutionizing a wide range of fields, making a significant difference in medical imaging, where recent advancements have yielded some truly remarkable outcomes. In a connected brain, maps of white matter damage - otherwise known as disconnectomes - are essential for capturing the effects of focal l...

Deep learning as a truly transformative force is revolutionizing a wide range of fields, making a significant difference in medical imaging, where recent advancements have yielded some truly remarkable outcomes. In a connected brain, maps of white matter damage — otherwise known as disconnectomes — are essential for capturing the effects of focal l...

Foundational models such as ChatGPT critically depend on vast data scales the internet uniquely enables. This implies exposure to material varying widely in logical sense, factual fidelity, moral value, and even legal status. Whereas data scaling is a technical challenge, soluble with greater computational resource, complex semantic filtering canno...

Causal mapping of the functional organisation of the human brain requires evidence of \textit{necessity} available at adequate scale only from pathological lesions of natural origin. This demands inferential models with sufficient flexibility to capture both the observable distribution of pathological damage and the unobserved distribution of the n...

Around 50% of patients undergoing frontal lobe surgery for focal drug-resistant epilepsy become seizure free post-operatively; however, only about 30% of patients remain seizure free in the long-term. Early seizure recurrence is likely to be caused by partial resection of the epileptogenic lesion, whilst delayed seizure recurrence can occur even if...

The gold standard in the treatment of ischaemic stroke is set by evidence from randomized controlled trials. Yet the manifest complexity of the brain's functional, connective, and vascular architectures introduces heterogeneity in treatment susceptibility that violates the underlying statistical premisses, potentially leading to substantial errors...

People with Down syndrome (DS) are more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease than the general population, but comorbidities and variable intellectual disability complicate diagnosis and disease monitoring. Although neuroimaging may help elucidate the pathogenesis of dementia, studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in DS subjects with demen...

People with Down syndrome (DS) are more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease than the general population, but comorbidities and variable intellectual disability complicate diagnosis and disease monitoring. Although neuroimaging may help elucidate the pathogenesis of dementia, studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in DS subjects with demen...

In recent years, the field of functional neuroimaging has moved away from a pure localisationist approach of isolated functional brain regions to a more integrated view of these regions within functional networks. However, the methods used to investigate functional networks rely on local signals in grey matter and are limited in identifying anatomi...

In recent years, the field of functional neuroimaging has moved from a pure localisationist approach of isolated functional brain regions to a more integrated view of those regions within functional networks. The methods used to investigate such networks, however, rely on local signals in grey matter and are limited in identifying anatomical circui...

In recent years, the field of functional neuroimaging has moved from a pure localisationist approach of isolated functional brain regions to a more integrated view of those regions within functional networks. The methods used to investigate such networks, however, rely on local signals in grey matter and are limited in identifying anatomical circui...

In recent years, the field of functional neuroimaging has moved away from a pure localisationist approach of isolated functional brain regions to a more integrated view of these regions within functional networks. However, the methods used to investigate functional networks rely on local signals in grey matter and are limited in identifying anatomi...

Brain lesions do not just disable but also disconnect brain areas, which once deprived of their input or output, can no longer subserve behaviour and cognition. The role of white matter connections has remained an open question for the past 250 years. Based on 1333 stroke lesions, here we reveal the human Disconnectome and demonstrate its relations...

Brain lesions do not just disable but also disconnect brain areas, which once deprived of their input or output, can no longer subserve behaviour and cognition. The role of white matter connections has remained an open question for the past 250 years. Based on 1333 stroke lesions we reveal the human Disconnectome and demonstrate its relationship to...

The brain is constituted of multiple networks of functionally correlated brain areas, out of which the default-mode network (DMN) is the largest. Most existing research into the DMN has taken a corticocentric approach. Despite its resemblance with the unitary model of the limbic system, the contribution of subcortical structures to the DMN may be u...

The syndrome of Anosognosia for Hemiplegia (AHP) can provide unique insights into the neurocognitive processes of motor awareness. Yet, prior studies have only explored predominately discreet lesions. Using advanced structural neuroimaging methods in 174 patients with a right-hemisphere stroke, we were able to identify three neural systems that con...

The rare syndrome of Anosognosia for Hemiplegia (AHP) can provide unique insights into the neurocognitive processes of motor awareness. Yet, prior studies have only explored predominately discreet lesions. Using advanced structural neuroimaging methods in 174 patients with a right-hemisphere stroke, we were able to identify three neural networks th...

Most existing research into the default-mode network (DMN) has taken a corticocentric approach. Despite the resemblance of the DMN with the unitary model of the limbic system, the anatomy and contribution of subcortical structures to the network may be underappreciated due to methods limitation. Here, we propose a new and more comprehensive neuroan...

The new brain imaging techniques, notably the different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities, allow the study of the human brain in vivo for the first time in neuroscience's history. These technologies now make possible to study the symptoms caused by brain lesions in living patients. However, it requires the development of new analyses adap...

Background Patients with brain lesions provide a unique opportunity to understand the functioning of the human mind. However, even when focal, brain lesions have local and remote effects that impact functionally and structurally connected circuits. Similarly, function emerges from the interaction between brain areas rather than their sole activity....

Background Patients with brain lesions provide a unique opportunity to understand the functioning of the human mind. However, even when focal, brain lesions have local and remote effects that impact functionally and structurally connected circuits. Similarly, function emerges from the interaction between brain areas rather than their sole activity....

In Europe, more than 2 million individuals each year will have their brain integrity and function challenged by stroke. Despite the progress achieved through the use of thrombolysis with alteplase in acute stroke patients (Wahlgren et al., 2007), many have persistent deficits, affecting their personality, degrading their quality of life and prevent...

Recent functional imaging findings in humans indicate that creativity relies on spontaneous and controlled processes, possibly supported by the default mode and the fronto-parietal control networks, respectively. Here, we examined the ability to generate and combine remote semantic associations, in relation to creative abilities, in patients with f...

View largeDownload slide See Burgess (doi: 10.1093/brain/aww092 ) for a scientific commentary on this article. Reasoning by analogy is central to generalisation and abstract thinking. Urbanski et al. show that the left rostrolateral prefrontal cortex is a critical node in the analogy network. The use of analogy tasks in clinical practice would im...

Fifty years ago, Norman Geschwind published his historical contribution to clinicalneuroanatomical correlations entitled 'Disconnexion syndromes in animals and man' (Geschwind, 1965a, 1965b, fig. 1). His aim was to apply the network models to disorders of the brain. However, for a long time, we have been unable to map lesions onto discrete circuits...