Chiara Pavoni

• DDS, MS, PhD Research Assistant
• DDS, MS, PhD at University of Rome Tor Vergata

Objectives The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the dento-skeletal changes observed in growing Class III patients treated with the Face Mask Protocol (FMP) with and without Bite Block (BB). Materials Thirty subjects (12 f, 18 m) who underwent FM/BB therapy were compared to a matched group (FM) of 29 patients (15 f, 14 m) treated...

Objective: The aim of the present retrospective study was to compare the changes resulting from treatment using the MA and the TB with special regard to the oro-and naso-pharyngeal sagittal airway dimensions in subjects with dentoskeletal Class II malocclusions and positive history of Sleep Disorder Breathing (SDB) diagnosed through the Pediatric...

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of three different intraoral scanners (IOSs) and to evaluate the patients’ experience. Methods: Thirty subjects were scanned with three different IOSs (TRIOS Color®, iTero Element 5D®, and iTero Lumina®): a sample of 90 maxillary casts was collected. The inclusion criteria were perma...

Background to evaluate the predictability of expansion achieved in patients in early mixed dentition treated with Clear Aligners (CA), analyzing the efficiency of the expansion at the end of the first set of aligners and at the end of the therapy in the upper and lower arch. Methods 36 patients (20 F, 16 M; mean age 8.3 ± 1.5 years) were selected...

Background: Early mixed dentition represents a critical phase since crowding conditions can occur. The interceptive resolution of dental crowding allows favorable arch and occlusal development. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate dentoalveolar changes of clear aligner treatment planned to manage lower incisor crowding, loss of arch...

Objectives To evaluate leveling of the Curve of Wilson (COW) by two different treatment appliances (clear aligners [CA] and continuous archwire fixed appliances [FA]) in a permanent dentition sample of patients. Materials and Methods Digital casts of 40 patients (CA group = 20 patients; FA group = 20 patients) were collected. Angular values for CO...

Objectives: To evaluate wear and friction properties of oscillating strips in order to validate the importance of a standardized interproximal enamel reduction (IPR) sequence to preserve their efficiency and lifetime. Materials and methods: Fifteen complete oscillating IPR sequences were tested by means of tribological tests (Linear Reciprocatin...

Objective To assess the short‐ and long‐term dentoskeletal effects of early Class III treatment with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask (RME/FM) followed by fixed appliances. Materials and Methods A total of 44 patients (27 females, 17 males) treated consecutively with RME/FM were included from the archives of 3 centres. Three lateral cephalog...

Background: to determine the role of treatment timing in the long-term effects produced by rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy (RME/FM) in Class III patients. Methods: This study compared two sample groups treated with RME/FM followed by fixed appliances: the early prepubertal group (EPG) (17 patients; mean age before treatment (T0), 5.8...

Background: Interproximal enamel reduction (IPR) is a clinical procedure which involves reduction and anatomic recontouring of interproximal surfaces of enamel as a method of gaining space. The biological effects related to this clinical procedure have long been discussed. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the enamel reduction efficiency...

Background: to analyze the dento-alveolar effects induced by two treatment appliances (i.e., RME and Clear Aligners) in growing subjects presenting with early mixed dentition and mild maxillary deficiency. Methods: digital casts of 32 children treated with RME (RG: 17 subjects) or with Clear aligners (CAG: 15 subjects) were collected. Linear and an...

Aim: The upper jaw transverse deficit is certainly one of the most common clinical issues in the orthodontic field. It can be due to skeletal or dental factors, and its etiology may be both genetic and environmental. Rapid maxillary expanders (RMEs) are certainly the most effective appliance for upper transverse deficiency correction. The aim of th...

The purpose of the research was to analyze the premolar and canine anchorage loss observed during maxillary molars distalization in subjects with Class II malocclusion treated with clear aligners. A total of 49 subjects (27 females, 22 males, mean age 14.9 ± 6 years) derived from the Department of Orthodontics of the University of Rome “Tor Vergata...

Background To evaluate by means of profilometric analysis and scanning electronic microscope (SEM) the effects on enamel surfaces of oscillating mechanical systems for interproximal enamel reduction (IPR). Fifteen complete (Group 1) oscillating IPR sequence and 15 single metallic strips (Group 2) for active IPR phase of 0.2 mm were selected and tes...

Purpose The twin block (TB) is one of the most widely used functional appliances for the correction of class II malocclusions. Align Technology (San Jose, CA, USA) developed the Invisalign® mandibular advancement (MA) that replicates the mechanism of action of a functional appliance. The aim of this study was to compare the changes produced by the...

Abstract Background The aim of the present study was to compare the effects on vertical dentoskeletal dimension produced by Pendulum appliance and Clear Aligners in patients with Class II malocclusion. Trial design This is a prospective two-arm parallel group randomized clinical trial with 1:1 allocation ratio. Methods The Pendulum Group (PG) consi...

The objective of this study was to examine the distal rotation of mesial rotated maxillary first permanent molars in a sample of Class II dental malocclusion adult patients treated with Invisalign Clear Aligners (CA). Forty patients (20 males, 20 females, 22.4 ± 3.9 years) were included in the study sample (Department of Orthodontics of University...

The aim of the study was to assess modifications of gingival morphology at the end of Phase I treatment with Invisalign First. Eighteen subjects (ten females, eight males, mean age nine years) treated with Invisalign First were selected. The following parameters were measured on intraoral photographs before treatment (T0) and after the first set of...

Purpose: The Twin block (TB) is one of the most widely used functional appliances for the correction of Class II malocclusion. Align Technology developed the Invisalign® Mandibular Advancement (MA) that replicates the mechanism of action of functional appliance. The aim of this study was to compare the changes produced by the TB versus the MA. Meth...

Background: Attachments' configuration play an important role during Clear Aligner Treatment (CAT) for aligner retention and control of movements planned. The aims were to compare the macroscopic morphology of attachments reproduced with flowable (FNC) and conventional (CNC) composites and the effects on them of two light-guide tips with different...

Background: The objective of this retrospective study was to analyze the morphological changes of the upper arch after two protocols of expansion, the Invisalign® First system and rapid maxillary expansion (RME), in mixed dentition by means of geometric morphometric analysis (GMM). Methods: Digital dental casts of 32 children treated either with RM...

To analyze the derotation of maxillary mesio-rotated first permanent molars in subjects with Class II edge-to-edge dental malocclusion in mixed dentition treated with Invisalign Clear Aligners (CA). In total, 36 patients (16 males, 20 females, 9.9 ± 1.9 years) treated with CA are enrolled from the Department of Orthodontics. Inclusion criteria are...

Attachments are specific features of clear aligner treatment designed to ensure the aligner's retention and the predictability of tooth movements. The properties of composite resin used for their reproduction play a relevant role to preserve their integrity and shape over the time. Thus, the aim of the present evaluation was to compare the mechanic...

Background One goal of orthodontic treatment in mixed dentition is to expand the maxillary arch to allow proper tooth alignment and a correction of sagittal and vertical malocclusions. However, for most treatment protocols, expected outcome is not really clear to allow for a standardization of phase I orthodontic treatments. This lack of informatio...

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyse the soft tissue changes produced by the functional treatment of mandibular advancement in growing Class II patients. Materials: The treated group consisted of 25 Caucasian patients (12 females and 13 males) with dento-skeletal Class II malocclusion treated with functional therapy (Activator)....

Objectives: To evaluate tooth movements during maxillary arch expansion with clear aligner treatment. Materials and Methods: The study group included 28 subjects (16 females, 12 males, mean age 31.9 6 5.4 years) collected prospectively from January 2018 to May 2019. Inclusion criteria were European ancestry, posterior transverse discrepancy of 3-6...

Objectives To evaluate tooth movements during maxillary arch expansion with clear aligner treatment. Materials and Methods The study group included 28 subjects (16 females, 12 males, mean age 31.9 ± 5.4 years) collected prospectively from January 2018 to May 2019. Inclusion criteria were European ancestry, posterior transverse discrepancy of 3–6 m...

KEY WORDS clear aligners, digital planning, early treatment, growing patients, maxillary arch expansion, mixed dentition Mixed dentition orthodontic treatment aims to correct dental arch irregularities and abnormalities in occlusal relations, and to eliminate functional interferences. Proper management of space in the mixed dentition can prevent un...

(1) Background: The nature of the changes that contribute to Class II correction with functional appliances is still controversial. A broad variation in treatment responses has been reported. The purpose of this study was to find cephalometric predictors for individual patient responsiveness to twin-block treatment in patients with Class II Divisio...

Objectives: To evaluate the mandibular modifications in anterior open bite (OB) growing subjects treated with Rapid Maxillary Expansion and bite block (RME/BB) or Quad Helix with crib (QH/C) when compared with a Control Group (CG) by using Geometric Morphometric Method (GMM) and conventional cephalometric. Materials: The OB group comprised 34 su...

Background: The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate enamel reduction efficiency, abrasive property decay, and enamel effects between oscillating mechanical and manual systems for interproximal enamel reduction (IPR). Methods: Three oscillating strips and three manual strips were tested on twelve freshly extracted premolars blocked i...

Summary Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze soft tissue changes produced by rapid maxillary expansion and facial mask therapy in growing Class III patients. Materials: The treated group consisted of 32 Caucasian patients (15 females and 17 males) with dentoskeletal Class III malocclusion treated with the Face Mask Protocol (FMP,...

Objectives: To compare the use of diode laser with conventional surgery evaluating the effectiveness of gingivectomy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment in the management of gingival enlargement (GE) during orthodontic treatment. Trial design: Prospective three-arm parallel group randomized clinical trial with 1:1:1 allocation ra...

Aim: To develop and validate a prediction model to forecast long-term stability of early treatment with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and facemask (FM) in a large sample of Class III growing patients. Methods: The Brazilian Group (BG) consisted of 73 consecutively treated Caucasian Class III patients (41 females and 32 males). Mean age at T0 (...

The current retrospective controlled trial aimed to compare the dentoskeletal effects of the Bite-Jumping (BJ) and the Twin-Block Appliance (TB) in the treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion. The sample was screened for eligibility criteria including skeletal and dental Class II malocclusion; Cervical Vertebral Maturation at Stage 3 at treatme...

Background Maxillary protraction with facemask (FM) is an orthopedic approach for treatment of Class III growing patients. Aim of the present investigation was to analyze tension loads produced by two different facial mask (FM) designs on facial skin of subject with skeletal Class III. Methods A three-dimensional (3D) geometry of Delaire and Petit...

Background: To evaluate load and stress distribution on Delaire facemask (FM) during maxillary protraction in class III growing patients by means of finite element analysis (FEA). A three-dimensional geometry of a Delaire FM was reconstructed from the original CAD 3D prototype, using software package (ANSYS 5.7). FM presented forehead and chin sup...

In the publication of this article (1) there is an error in the Methods section.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and posterior bite block (BB) in prepubertal subjects with dentoskeletal open bite. Materials and methods: The treatment group (TG) comprised 16 subjects (14 girls, 2 boys) with dentoskeletal open bite with a mean age of 8.1 ± 1.1 years treated with RME and BB. Three...

OBJECTIVE: To compare in vi-vo Titanium Alloy (TiA) with Stainless Steel (SS) miniscrews Temporary Anchorage Devices (TADs) using removal torque and Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) analysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 15 subjects (6 males and 9 females) who required maximum anchorage were recruited. For each patient, a TiA TAD and a SS TAD with same...

OBJECTIVE: To compare in vivo Titanium Alloy (TiA) with Stainless Steel (SS) miniscrews Temporary Anchorage Devices (TADs) using removal torque and Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) analysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 15 subjects (6 males and 9 females) who required maximum anchorage were recruited. For each patient, a TiA TAD and a SS TAD with same...

Background The aim of this pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to evaluate the sagittal mandibular response induced by rapid maxillary expansion (RME) therapy in mixed dentition patients with class II malocclusion, comparing the effects of bonded RME and banded RME with a matched untreated class II control group. Methods This RCT was desig...

The purpose of this cephalometric study was to evaluate the craniofacial changes induced by functional treatment of mandibular advancement with special regard to pharyngeal sagittal airway dimensions, tongue and hyoid bone position in subjects with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and dentoskeletal Class II malocclusions compared with an untreated...

Objective: To evaluate the role of treatment timing on long-term dentoskeletal effects of Class II treatment with removable functional appliances followed by full-fixed appliance therapy. Materials and methods: A group of 46 patients (23 females and 23 males) with Class II malocclusion treated consecutively with either Bionator or Activator, fol...

Objective: To evaluate the craniofacial changes induced by functional appliances with special regard to the oro and nasopharyngeal sagittal airway dimensions in subjects with dentoskeletal Class II malocclusions when compared with an untreated Class II control group immediately after therapy and at long-term observation. Methods: A group of 40 p...

Objective: To analyze variations in palatal morphology in subjects presenting unilaterally impacted maxillary permanent central incisors compared with a control group of subjects without eruption anomalies using a three-dimensional (3D) analysis. Materials and methods: Twenty-six white subjects (10 girls and 16 boys; mean age 9.5 ± 1.5 years) wi...

Objective: To test in vitro and in vivo the wear performance of diamond-coated strips by means of tribological testing and scanning electronic microscope (SEM). Materials and methods: To evaluate the in vitro wear performance, a tribological test was performed by a standard tribometer. The abrasive strips slid against stationary, freshly extract...

Aims The purpose of this work was to evaluate the long-term morphological mandibular changes induced by functional treatment of Class II malocclusion with mandibular retrusion. Methods Forty patients (20 females, 20 males) with Class II malocclusion consecutively treated with either a Bionator or an Activator followed by fixed appliances were compa...

Objective: The purpose of this work was to analyze variations in maxillary arch dimensions in subjects presenting unilaterally impacted maxillary permanent central incisors compared with a control group of subjects without eruption anomalies. Methods: A group of 23 Caucasian children [8 females and 15 males, mean age 9.7 years, standard deviatio...

Objective: To evaluate the dentoskeletal short-term effects of rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy (RME/FM) in a sample of Class III patients showing different vertical skeletal relationships. Materials and methods: Seventy-nine patients (35 females and 44 males) having Class III malocclusion were consecutively treated using RME/FM th...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term mandibular morphological changes induced by early treatment of class III malocclusion with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and facial mask (FM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five subjects [10 boys, 15 girls; mean age at T1 (start of treatment) 9.3±1.6 years] with class III disharmony were treated with RME and F...

Aim: The aim of this report was to show the management of a case with an impacted central maxillary incisor caused by odontoma in a young patient with two mesiodentes in the region of the nasal floor. Case report: A 9-year-old girl was seen in the Department of Orthodontics of the University of Rome 'Tor Vergata'. Radiographic images showed intr...

In this study we assessed the influence of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on the intraosseous vertical position and inclination of the impacted incisors diagnosed at an early developmental stage on panoramic radiographs and subsequently treated by surgical removal of the obstacle. Following surgical removal of the obstacles to incisor eruption (T1...

To provide clinicians with useful information for immediate diagnosis and management of impacted maxillary incisors due to trauma. We present a case of post-traumatic impaction of a central right maxillary incisor in a young patient. The treatment plan consisted in the interceptive management (surgical and orthodontic), the valuation of the necessa...

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) vs simply monitoring the eruption of permanent maxillary incisors following the surgical removal of obstacles to their eruption (supernumerary teeth, odontomas). Methods: Following surgical removal of the obstacles to incisor eruption (T1...

Objective: To analyze the long-term skeletal and dentoalveolar effects and to evaluate treatment timing of Class II treatment with functional appliances followed by fixed appliances. Materials and methods: A group of 40 patients (22 females and 18 males) with Class II malocclusion consecutively treated either with a Bionator or an Activator foll...

Aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in a sample of consecutive subjects. TMDs were recorded in a sample of 580 subjects (279 M, 301 F; mean age: 13.4y). For each subject a case history was compiled to evaluate the social and demographic parameters. An extraoral exam was effected to point out the fac...

INTRODUZIONE Nonostante l'inclusione degli incisivi superiori permanenti non sia una condizione patologica frequente (0,2-1% della popolazione) essa rappresenta un'eventualità che l'odonto-iatra può trovarsi a dover affrontare durante lo svolgimento della sua attività clinica. [1] L'eruzione dell'incisivo controlaterale da più di 6 mesi e l'eruzion...

The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on the palatal area as assessed by low-dose CT before treatment (T0), at the end of active expansion (T1) and after a retention period of 6 months (T2). The study sample comprised 17 prepubertal subjects (mean age 11.2 years) with constricted maxillary...

When the incisors do not erupt at the expected time, it is crucial for the clinician to determine the etiology and formulate an appropriate treatment plan. THE AIM OF THIS REPORT IS TO PROVIDE USEFUL INFORMATION FOR IMMEDIATE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF IMPACTED MAXILLARY INCISORS USING THE INTERCEPTIVE TREATMENT: removal of obstacles and rapid max...

Riassunto Obiettivi. Scopo del presente lavoro è fornire al clinico indicazioni utili e di immediato utilizzo per il recupero degli incisivi mascellari in mal-posizione intraossea a causa della presenza di un ostacolo lungo il loro percorso eruttivo. Materiali e metodi. S.P., 8 anni, si è presentato presso il reparto di Ortognatodonzia del Policli-...

Riassunto Obiettivi . Scopo del presente lavoro è individua-re i fattori prognostici dell'eruzione dell'incisivo permanente incluso. Materiali e metodi . Mitchell and Bennet va-lutano la distanza del dente incluso dal piano occlusale dividendola in: near se sul piano verti-cale la corona dell'incisivo incluso è a livello del terzo coronale della ra...

Objectives Functional treatment of Class II malocclusion has been advocated to control and modify the direction of growth of the maxillary teeth and to reduce the need for treatment involving the permanent teeth.Materials and methodsMany studies demonstrate the effectiveness of functional appliances in the treatment of Class II malocclusion caused...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the transverse dimension and the perimeter of the maxillary arch produced by low friction self-ligating brackets TIME 3 compared to the Invisalign technique. Both the self-ligating sample and the Invisalign group were composed of 20 subjects, evaluated at the beginning (T0) and at the completion...

Self-ligating versus Invisalign: analysis of dento-alveolar effects. Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the transverse dimension and the perimeter of the maxillary arch produced by low friction self-ligating brackets TIME 3 compared to the Invisalign technique. Materials and methods. Both the self-ligating sample and the Invi...

ObjectivesTo analyze characteristics, indications and use of Face Mask; to describe the FM/BB protocol based on the combined use of a Delaire face mask and a lower bite block.Materials and methodsWith the introduction of facemask therapy it has become possible to move the maxilla forward by extra-oral traction. Some authors reported that the associ...

In this cephalometric investigation, we analyzed the treatment and posttreatment effects of an orthopedic protocol for Class III malocclusion consisting of a facial mask combined with a removable bite-block appliance. The treated sample consisted of 22 Class III patients treated with the facial mask and bite-block protocol before the pubertal growt...

ObjectivesEarly treatment of Class III malocclusion with orthopaedic and functional appliances has been advocated to control and modify the growth's direction and to reduce the need of treatment in the permanent dentition, when camouflage orthodontic treatment or surgery are the only options.Materials and methodsThe clinical success of early Class...

Introduzione Una delle prime definizioni di malocclusione di III Classe ritrova-ta in letteratura è quella di John Hunter del 1778, riportata da Chang et al. (7) in un suo lavoro del 1992 (7). Hunter affermava: "... Non è raro osservare mandibole protruse eccessivamente in avanti, così che gli incisivi inferiori oltrepassino quelli dell'arcata supe...

Introduzione Sebbene i termini "prognatismo mandibolare" (7) e "malocclusione di III Classe di Angle" (2) siano spesso considerati simili, se non sinonimi, i soggetti con una relazione occlusale di III Classe posso-no presentare in realtà differenti combinazioni delle componenti scheletriche e dentali sottostanti (2, 17, 18). La ricerca da parte de...

Dossier: malocclusioni di III classe Introduzione Le informazioni sullo sviluppo e sulla crescita cranio-facciale in soggetti con occlusione ideale e nei diversi tipi di disarmo-nie dento-facciali rappresentano i fondamenti di base per un ortodontista. Il metodo migliore per studiare "crescita e sviluppo dei ma-scellari" è attraverso la lettura cri...

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the Facial Mask in combination with a mandibular bite block (FM/BB) or with rapid maxillary expansion with a bonded device (RME/FM) in patients with Class III malocclusions. The FM/BB sample included 22 subjects, 12 girls and 10 boys. The average age for the FM/BB group before treatment (T1) was 8...

To assess the scientific evidence on the effectiveness of early orthopedic treatment in Class III subjects. A literature survey was performed by applying the Medline database (Entrez PubMed). The survey covered the period from January 1966 to December 2005 and used the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). The following study types that reported data on...