Chi Yang

Objectives This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and stability of customized total temporomandibular joint (TMJ) prosthesis by 3D printing from TMJ Yang’s prosthesis system after five-years follow-up. Materials and methods This prospective single-center case series study recruited patients required total TMJ prosthesis replacement from...

Background To reveal morphological changes in musculoskeletal apparatus after conservative treatment of condylar head fracture (CHF) by clinical examinations, condylar and masticatory muscle reconstruction, to guide the clinical therapeutic strategy. Materials and Methods Patients with unilateral CHF and treated conservatively during November 2015...

Background: Temporomandibular joint ADD is highly prevalent and harmful, and some patients have no obvious clinical symptoms, but it can cause facial asymmetry, mandibular retrusion and other dental and maxillofacial deformities. Nevertheless, the impact of ADD on condylar height in individuals of varying age groups remains uncertain particularly w...

Background Anterior disc displacement (ADD) is the most common type of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) internal derangement and may lead to condylar resorption (CR) during the adolescence period, but the specific malocclusion associated with ADD and CR remains unclear. Objective This study aimed to investigate the malocclusion associated with TMJ AD...

Objectives This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and stability of customized total temporomandibular joint (TMJ) prosthesis by 3D printing from TMJ Yang’s prosthesis system after five-years follow-up. Materials and Methods This prospective single-center case series study recruited patients required total TMJ prosthesis replacement from...

Taste, a pivotal sense modality, plays a fundamental role in discerning flavors and evaluating the potential harm of food, thereby contributing to human survival, physical and mental health. Patients with tongue cancer may experience a loss of taste following extensive surgical resection with flap reconstruction. Here, we designed a gustatory inter...

Senescence in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), triggered by excessive oxidative stress, plays a crucial role in the onset of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Recent studies underscore the importance of mitochondrial rehabilitation and quality control as key determinants in the modulation of oxidative stress and cellular senescence. MitoTEMPO...

Objectives To evaluate the effects of costochondral grafting (CCG) used for temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA) in growing patients. Materials and methods Pediatric patients with TMJA treated by CCG from 2010.5 to 2021.7 were included in the study. CT scans were performed before and after operations with at least 1 year follow-up. The height...

Repair strategies for injured peripheral nerve have achieved great progresses in recent years. However, the clinical outcomes remain unsatisfactory. Recent studies have found that exosomes secreted by dental pulp stem cells (DPSC-exos) have great potential for applications in nerve repair. In this study, we evaluated the effects of human DPSC-exos...

Heterotopic ossification (HO) comprises the abnormal formation of ectopic bone in extraskeletal soft tissue. The factors that initiate HO remain elusive. Herein, we found that calcified apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) led to increased calcification and stiffness of tendon extracellular matrix (ECM), which initiated M2 macrophage polarization and HO prog...

Introduction Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) is a common TMJ degenerative disease with an unclear mechanism. Synovial fluid (SF), an important component of TMJ, contains various proteins and metabolites that may directly contribute to OA. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of SF in TMJOA at the metabolite level....

Objectives This retrospective cohort study aimed to analyze volumes of craniomaxillofacial bone and masticatory muscles of young adults with bilateral idiopathic condylar resorption. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of 84 adults with bilateral idiopathic condylar resorption (BCR) and 48 adults with normal temporal-mandibular joint (TM...

Objective This study aimed to explain the change of disc position at different over-corrected place after arthroscopic disc repositioning and suturing surgery. Study design Patients treated with temporomandibular joint arthroscopic disc repositioning and suturing surgery were reviewed. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before...

The prognosis of peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is usually poor, and currently, there is no effective treatment for PNI. Studies have shown that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells could promote nerve regeneration by optimizing the function of endogenous Schwann cells (SCs), while the mechanism is unclear. Autophagy, a highly conserved intr...

Background and Objective Open suturing (OSu) and Mini-screw Anchor (MsA) are two commonly used open disc repositioning surgeries for anterior disc displacement (ADD) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). This study assesses the differences in disc position stability (DPS) and condylar bone remodeling (CBR) between these two surgical procedures in a...

Sepsis poses a significant challenge in clinical management. Effective strategies targeting iron restriction, toxin neutralization, and inflammation regulation are crucial in combating sepsis. However, a comprehensive approach simultaneously targeting these multiple processes has not been established. Here, an engineered apoptotic extracellular ves...

This study aimed to investigate the correlation between mandibular deviation (MD) and possible clinical factors in patients with anterior disc displacement (ADD). This retrospective clinical study enrolled 296 patients with ADD, diagnosed using magnetic resonance imaging, from 2015 to 2018. The clinical symptoms and medical histories of these patie...

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) gathers significant interest in the realm of bone tissue engineering; however, the interplay between membrane thickness and permeability continues to pose a challenge which can be addressed by the water‐collecting mechanism of spider silk, where water droplets efficiently move from smooth filaments to rough conical no...

Background Temporomandibular joint arthroscopy (TMJA) is often performed under general anaesthesia (GA) worldwide on an inpatient basis, whereas local anaesthesia (LA) is not equally considered as the standard procedure. Objectives To compare the efficacy between LA and GA when performing TMJA. Methods This study retrospectively reviewed a total...

Purpose Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) is one of the most complex temporomandibular disorders, causing pain and dysfunction. The main pathological feature of TMJ-OA is neurovascular invasion from the subchondral bone to the condylar cartilage. This study aimed to discover the cells and genes that play an important role in the neuro...

Objective During the development of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis, endochondral ossification is compromised which leads to condylar degeneration; miR‐335‐5p in endochondral ossification in osteoarthritic condylar cartilage tissue remains unclear. Methods Up‐regulated microRNA and its target gene were searched for endochondral ossification...

Objective This study aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) anterior disc displacement (ADD) in relation to dental malocclusion. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a clinical examination was conducted on patients aged 11–35 years who visited the TMJ and Orthodontic Clinic at a hospital. Magnetic res...

Background: Adolescents with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) anterior disc displacement (ADD) frequently develop dentofacial deformities. It is unknown if adjunctive arthroscopic discopexy compared to orthodontic treatment alone increases condylar growth and then improves dentofacial deformity. This study aimed to determine whether arthroscopic disc...

In clinical diagnosis, multimodal medical image fusion is meaningful and necessary, for the reason that some diseases need to be diagnosed in combination with the situation of different tissues of patients. Spiral computed tomography realizes the high-precision and smooth reconstruction of bone tissue, while it can not represent the color and textu...

Oxidative stress microenvironment caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation seriously hinders wound healing in diabetes, which brings great burden to global health. Various wound dressings on the market focus on delivering active substances to promote wound healing in diabetes. However, the complex pathological microenvironment of diabet...

Heatmap‐based regression (HBR) methods have dominated for a long time in the face alignment field while these methods need complex design and post‐processing. In this study, the authors propose an end‐to‐end and simple enough coordinate‐based regression (CBR) method called Dynamic Deformable Transformer (DDT) for face alignment. Unlike general pre‐...

Purpose: This study aimed to compare two novel techniques for chronic oroantral fistula (OAF) closure combined with maxillary sinus floor elevation. Materials and methods: Ten patients who had implant installation needs but suffered from a chronic OAF were enrolled in the study from January 2016 to June 2021. The technique applied involved OAF c...

Objectives: The study aimed to introduce and evaluate a new customized temporomandibular joint-mandible combined prosthesis with 3D printing fabrication. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study including patients with temporomandibular joint-mandible combined lesions. A 3D-printed customized temporomandibular joint-mandible combined...

Objective This study introduces the application of autogenous bone graft for the reconstruction of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and skull base combined defects. Materials and methods Patients treated with autogenous bone grafts for reconstruction of the TMJ and skull base were reviewed. All patients underwent virtual surgical design to confirm th...

Crosstalk between nerves and bone is essential for bone repair, for which Schwann cells (SCs) are crucial in the regulation of the microenvironment. Considering that exosomes are critical paracrine mediators for intercellular communication that exert important effects in tissue repair, the aim of this study is to confirm the function and molecular...

The functional role of autophagy in regulating differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been studied extensively, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in the initiation of osteoblast differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells, and the stability of...

According to the literature, there is no reliable and quantitative method available for the diagnosis and prognosis of early or potential temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condylar resorption (CR) thus far. The purpose of this study was to raise a new noninvasive method to quantitatively evaluate condylar quality using the signal intensity ratio (SIR)...

To investigate the role of periosteum on the treatment of buccal dehiscence defects comparing with collagen membrane in canine model. Bilateral dehiscence-type defects at the buccal side on the distal root of the lower 3rd/4th premolars were created in six beagle dogs with a total of 24 defects and assigned into three groups: Group A: blood clot in...

Senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) induced by chronic oxidative stress is an important factor contributes to the postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). Mitochondrial quality control takes a pivotal role in regulating oxidative stress and cell senescence. Genistein is a major isoflavone in soy products, which is best known for it...

Articular cartilage is highly specific and has limited capacity for regeneration if damaged. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have the potential to generate any cell type in the body. Here, we report the dual-phase induction of ectodermal chondrogenic cells (ECCs) from hPSCs through the neural crest (NC). ECCs were able to self-renew long-term...

Objectives This work aims to evaluate the biomechanical behavior of Chinese customized three-dimensional (3D) −printed miniplates by means of finite element analysis (FEA). Methods A 3D Lefort I osteotomy model was established by Mimics. Two models were established to compare the strain behaviors of customized miniplate and conventional L-shaped m...

Treating critical-size bone defects beyond the body’s self-healing capacity is a challenging clinical task. In this study, we investigate the effect of concentrate growth factors (CGFs) loaded Poloxamer 407 hydrogel on the viability and osteogenic differentiation potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and reconstruction of critical...

Background Periodontal accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) is a widely-used clinical procedure that combines selective alveolar corticotomy, particulate bone grafting, and the application of orthodontic forces. Different modifications of PAOO such as collagen-membrane coverage can better benefit patients from preventing displacement of graft...

Objectives To investigate the association between sexual maturation and anterior disc displacement (ADD) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Materials and methods Adolescents aged 13–14 years old, attending the first grade of one private junior school, were recruited. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to confirm ADD, in addition, the serum l...

Total joint replacement (TJR) is widely applied as a promising treatment for the reconstruction of serious joint diseases but is usually characterized by critical loss of skeletal muscle attachment to metal joint prostheses, resulting in fibrous scar tissue formation and subsequent motor dysfunction. Tissue engineering technology may provide a pote...

Objective Condylar resorption (CR) is a temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disease that causes various physical or functional defects. We aimed to find the association between CR and bone metabolism levels. Study design In this study, we recruited patients visiting the Orthodontic Clinic at Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from January 2020 to Septembe...

Purpose: Open disk repositioning has been long achieving excellent functional and stability outcomes. However, still remains some relapses for whom a second open surgery is often challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of arthroscopic disk reposition as an alternative surgery for unsuccessful cases of anterior disk displacement...

Background and Objectives This study explored the optimal plates and screws fixation for extracapsular fracture by finite element analysis, and provided a biomechanical basis for clinical treatment. Methods Four extracapsular fixation models were built and evaluated: A. One single straight four-hole plate with two bi-cortical screws on both sides...

Purpose To investigate the role of periosteum on the treatment of buccal dehiscence defects comparing with collagen membrane in canine model. Materials and Methods Bilateral dehiscence-type defects at the buccal side on the distal root of the lower 3rd/4th premolars were created in six beagle dogs with a total of 24 defects and assigned into 3 gro...

Objective: To investigate characteristics of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) and analyze the related factors. Methods: A total of 755 consecutive patients (150 with ICR and 605 with anterior disc displacement [ADD]) from July 2015 to December 2018 were recruited. A comprehensive questionnaire characterizing the...

Due to the wet and dynamic environment of the oral cavity, the healing of intraoral wounds, such as tooth extraction wounds, requires stable and firm wound dressings. In clinical practice, cotton balls and gauze, sponge plugs, or sutures are used to treat extraction wounds, but none of these means can continuously isolate the wound from the intraor...

In order to optimize patient selection for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthroscopic discopexy to achieve favorable outcomes, prognostic indicators impacting the results are important to analyze. This longitudinal retrospective study aimed to analyze various prognostic factors impacting surgical outcomes following arthroscopic discopexy for manage...

Despite the interaction between bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and macrophages has been found to play a critical role in repairing bone defects, it remains a challenge to develop a desirable tissue engineering scaffold for synchronous regulation of osteogenic differentiation and macrophage polarization. Herein, this study proposed a nov...

Background: Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a pathological disorder which results in patients' limited or even complete failure of mouth opening. When TMJ ankylosis occurs during the growing age, moderate to severe micrognathia might be the proposed scenario of such cases, accompanied by obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndr...

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a clinical condition that specifically occurs in the oral cavity, characterized by retarded wound healing in oral mucosa accelerating the exposure of bone. Moreover, the pathological mechanism remains poorly understood. Gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) play a critical role in gingiva...

In order to optimize the patient selection for specific treatment modality and to achieve favorable treatment outcomes, prognostic indicators impacting the results are important to analyze. This longitudinal retrospective study aimed to analyze various prognostic factors impacting the surgical outcomes following Yang’s arthroscopic discopexy for ma...

Objectives This study evaluated optimum stability of different screw techniques for condylar head fractures (P close to an M fracture with the lateral pole preserved according to AO classification 2014) by finite element analysis (FeA), and provided an bio-mechanical basis for clinical treatment. Study Design Four CHF fixation models were evaluate...

Purpose: Hemimasticatory spasm (HMS) is a masticatory muscle disorder without an effective treatment approach at present. This retrospective analysis aims to investigate the clinical efficacy of temporomandibular arthroscope-assisted masseteric nerve avulsion on HMS and thereby further determine a more effective therapeutic strategy for HMS patient...

Metabolic skeletal disorders remain a major clinical challenge. The complexity of this disease requires a strategy to address the net effects of both inflammation and impaired bone formation. microRNA-based gene therapy provides several therapeutic advantages to tackle these issues. Herein, we describe a microRNA-21 (miR-21) delivery system with an...

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become promising candidates for regeneration medicine due to their multidifferentiation potential and immunomodulatory ability. Compared with classic MSCs derived from the bone marrow and fat, dental-derived MSCs show high plasticity, accessibility, and applicability. Therefore, they are considered al...

Periodontitis is an immune inflammatory disease that leads to progressive destruction of bone and connective tissue, accompanied by the dysfunction and even loss of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Pyroptosis mediated by gasdermin-D (GSDMD) participates in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. However, whether pyroptosis mediates PDLS...

Background: To compare and analyze nine MRI sequences of the TMJ and determine the optimum sequence for the rapid diagnosis of TMDs so as to develop new clinical guidelines. Methods: Twenty young volunteers (a total of 40 joints) aged 22-26 years were recruited. Three basic sequences, T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), and p...

Background and purpose: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) severely impairs patients' quality of life and is remarkably refractory to treatment. There are lots of studies about identification of the radiographic features of MRONJ, yet reports about quantitative radiographic analysis for the risk assessment of the severity and recur...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthroscopic and open disc repositioning procedures in the management of anterior disc displacement (ADD). All consecutive patients treated with arthroscopic (group I) or open (group II) disc repositioning between April 2014 and August 2018 were included prospective...

To evaluate the post-operative condylar bone remodeling after the treatment of Yang’s arthroscopic surgery. Consecutive cases from Jan 2017 to May 2018 that received Yang’s arthroscopic surgery were included in this study, the TMJ MRI examinations were performed preoperatively and postoperatively (follow up for 1 year or more), and condylar bone re...

Purpose To evaluate the effect of different temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc repositioning surgeries for the treatment of anterior disc displacement (ADD) in juvenile patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion. Methods Patients (<20 years, cervical vertebral maturation stage, CVMS IV-V) who had bilateral TMJ ADD with skeletal Class II malocclu...

Current therapeutic strategies such as angiogenic therapy and anti-inflammatory therapy for treating myocardial infarction have limited success. An effective approach may benefit from resolution of excessive inflammation combined with enhancement of angiogenesis. Here, we developed a microRNA-21-5p delivery system using functionalized mesoporous si...

Background: Retarded gingival healing is the hallmark of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) and poses a great challenge to maxillofacial surgeons. Although previous studies have showed that bisphosphonates (BPs) are highly toxic to healthy gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) in vitro, there is overall lack of direct evidenc...

The present study investigated the changes in Indian hedgehog (Ihh), periarticular cell-derived parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage with posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). The miniature pigs were randomly divided into two groups: the experiment...

Introduction The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of the timing of postoperative orthodontic force application on bone remodeling during tooth movement into surgical alveolar defects with bone grafts in beagle dogs. Methods Six beagle dogs underwent surgery for buccal dehiscence-type defects (width, 5 mm; height, 6 mm) on the dis...

Purpose To evaluate the effect of preserving the muscle attachments when performing standard artificial temporomandibular joint replacement (TJR). Patients and Methods The clinical and radiological imaging data of patients who underwent standard artificial TJR with and without preservation of lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) and masseter muscle atta...

Purpose: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases are highly prevalent in China. However, no commercialized custom-made prostheses are available now. This study introduces a three-dimensionally (3D) printed customized total TMJ prosthesis manufactured by a standardized workflow. Materials and Methods: Consecutive patients with end-stage TMJ diseases...

Background Dentigerous cyst (DC) is a bone destructive disease and remains a challenge for clinicians. Marsupialization enables the bone to regenerate with capsule maintaining, making it a preferred therapeutic means for DC adjacent to vital anatomical structures. Given that capsules of DC are derived from odontogenic epithelium remnants at the emb...

This study is the first attempt to explore the reason of costochondral graft fracture after lengthy mandible advancement and bilateral coronoidectomy by combining finite element analysis and mechanical test. Eleven groups of models were established to simulate costochondral graft reconstruction in different degrees of mandible advancement, ranging...

Objectives: Patients with stage 3 medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) suffer from severe complications. Chemotherapeutic agents and targeted drugs are considered to be associated with the development of MRONJ. However, little is known regarding the association of those agents with stage 3 MRONJ. The purpose of this study is to anal...