Chethan K N

• Doctor of Philosophy in Computational Biomechanics
• Associate Professor at Manipal Academy of Higher Education

Hip implants play a crucial role in restoring mobility and reducing pain in patients with hip joint disorders. The design and material selection of the implant stem significantly influence its mechanical performance and longevity. This study presents a comparative finite element analysis of circular and rectangular hip implant stems to evaluate the...

Background/Objectives: The increasing demand for total hip arthroplasty (THA), due to aging populations and active lifestyles, necessitates advancements in implant materials and design. This review evaluates the role of surface coatings in enhancing the performance, biocompatibility, and longevity of hip implants. It addresses challenges like wear,...

Background/Objectives: This study investigates stress distribution in cancellous bone during pilot drilling for dental implants using the Cowper–Symonds model. Understanding the biomechanical effects of drilling parameters on bone health is essential for optimizing implant stability and longevity. Methods: A finite element analysis (FEA) approach w...

Department of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, MAHE, Manipal, India, in collaboration with Kyushu Institute of Technology (KIT), Japan, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia, Universiti Malaya (UM), Malaysia, and Cranfield University (CU), UK, is organizing the 8th International Conference on Computation...

Electrospun nanofibers have been identified for their outstanding capability in advancing biomedical applications focused on enhancing human well-being, consequently leading to a significant transformation in healthcare. The electrospinning technique is remarkably straightforward to implement and has facilitated the fabrication of structures posses...

Electrospun nanofibers have been identified for their outstanding capability in advancing biomedical applications focused on enhancing human well-being, consequently leading to a significant transformation in healthcare. The electrospinning technique is remarkably straightforward to implement and has facilitated the fabrication of structures posses...

The effect of poor air quality on human health has been linked to both short-term and long-term exposure to air pollutants. One of the most important steps in reducing emissions is accurate identification of these pollutants. This can be achieved by using Internet of Things equipped remotely operated airships that can survey large areas and gather...

This investigation delves into the dynamics of stress distribution during particle impacts on Incisor teeth, revealing the significant roles of particle size, impact angle, and standoff distance. An explicit dynamics study highlights a crucial revelation: optimal outcomes are achieved with a particle size of 250 µm, a 5 mm standoff distance, and an...

BACKGROUND The four components that make up the current dual-mobility artificial hip joint design are the femoral head, the inner liner, the outer liner as a metal cover to prevent wear, and the acetabular cup. The acetabular cup and the outer liner were constructed of 316L stainless steel. At the same time, the inner liner was made of ultra-high-m...

The adverse environmental issues and climate change has compelled world to shift to renewable energy systems. Conventional IC engines are the major contributor for air pollution which is the main cause for the global warming. Therefore, EVs (Electric Vehicle) are the future of the automotive industry. The important issues faced by EVS are battery h...

Air abrasion particles, propelled by a compressed air stream, remove material from the tooth's surface. The air abrasion parameter plays an important role in removing the strains or plaque from the teeth. The research outcomes shed light on the stress distribution within dental structures using the finite element approach. Enamel, as the hardest an...

Based on several references, Asians carry out several daily activities that are different from Westerners, which require a greater range of motion. Because of that, a dual mobility (DM) implant was created that was adapted to the activities of Asian people. One of the factors that might shorten the life of a hip implant is wear. Simulations of wear...

In dental implant insertion, an artificial foundation is prepared for the prosthetic device, which involves the surgical positioning of the implant in the jaw bone. The success of dental implants relies on the osseointegration process. The biomechanical factors, such as stress and strain, developed during the insertion affect the jawbone and its su...

Restorative dentistry is the repairing of damaged teeth and restoring oral health and function. Dental implants are typically placed within the cortical bone of the jaw to provide stability and support for prosthetic restorations. The successful restoration of complex anatomical features of the maxillary anterior is difficult for prosthodontists. U...

The femur is one of the most important bones in the human body, as it supports the body's weight and helps with movement. The aging global population presents a significant challenge, leading to an increasing demand for artificial joints, particularly in knee and hip replacements, which are among the most prevalent surgical procedures worldwide. Th...

The selection of abrasive material and parameters of the Air-Abrasion device for a particular application is a crucial detail. However, there are no standard recommendations or manuals for choosing these details; the operator must depend on his experience and knowledge of the procedure to select the best possible material and set of parameters. Thi...

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the use of natural fibers as reinforcements in composites. This trend is mainly driven by their eco-friendly nature and wide availability. The objective of this research is to explore the extensive potential of combining Banana Fiber with Tyre Rubber Particles (TRP) as elastomeric fillers in...

Ureters are essential components of the urinary system and play a crucial role in the transportation of urine from the kidneys to the bladder. In the current study, a three-dimensional ureter is modelled. A series of peristaltic waves are made to travel on the ureter wall to analyze and measure parameter effects such as pressure, velocity, gradient...

This study aims to assess and compare the impact of Monolithic Zirconia (MZ) and In-Ceram Zirconia (ZP) superstructures on stress distribution within implants and D2/D4 bone densities under 200 N vertical and oblique occlusal loads using three-dimensional finite element analysis via ANSYS WORKBENCH R2. The analysis employed maximum and minimum von...

Ureters are muscular tubes that transport urine from the kidney to the bladder. The peristalsis wave is responsible for carrying urine to the bladder. With the regular appearance of peristalsis, areas with anatomic narrowing junctions are crucial for ureteral diseases. A three-dimensional flow analysis is performed for different time steps to under...

The term “contact area” refers to the total surface area of two entities in direct physical touch. When discussing an artificial hip joint, “contact area” refers to the surface area of contact between the components of the artificial hip joint (ball and cup) positioned inside the patient. Several methods can be used to figure out the contact area o...

Electric cars (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are propelled by Li-ion batteries for a clean and sustainable future. Under harsh and abusive conditions, a battery pack generates a lot of heat, which could result in a disastrous thermal runaway. The current work suggests a Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS) based on Phase Change Mater...

Hip implants are available in various shapes and sizes. This study aims to select the better hip implant stem design and the optimal material that can be used for the implant. For all the material combinations, radial clearance of 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 had been given between each of the junctions. Analytical calculation using Hertz contact stress fo...

Patient-specific dynamic loadings are seldom considered during the evaluation of hip implants. The primary objective of this study is to check for the feasibility of the use of UHMWPE as the material for an acetabular cup over CoCr Alloy that is reported to produce a squeaking sound after replacement. An elliptical shaped stem with three different...

Fatigue failure is one of the causes of the failure of hip implants. The main objective of this work is to carry out fatigue failure analysis on different hip profiles and compare the outcomes for various combinations of materials. Three profiles each for circular, oval, elliptical, and trapezoidal stems are utilized for this study with four differ...

The hip joint is one of the most essential joints for transmitting weights to the lower abdomen during day-to-day activities. Loosening of hip implants is mostly caused by wear. The wear assessment during the design stage offers a clear sense of the implant’s life expectancy, and modest adjustments in the design may also greatly enhance the implant...

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a common procedure that is performed for elderly people who suffer from hip pain and other hip-related problems. THA is an operation where an artificial joint is implanted in the femur and acts as the hip joint. THA has seen advancement to a greater extent in the 20th century. In this work, a novel hip implant design...

The hip joint helps the upper body to transfer its weight to lower body. A Wear between the joints is the primary cause of the hip implant becoming loose. The wear can occur due to various reasons. Due to this revision surgery are most common in young and active patients. In the design phase of the implant if this is taken care then life expectancy...

The most common kind of bearing is the rolling element bearing, which is a used mechanical component in rotating equipment that is subjected to heavy loads and rapid rotation. Bearing failure is the main consideration in the failure of rotating hardware. A deformity at any component of the bearing transmits to every single other component, for exam...

Reinforcement of metallic and non-metallic particulates will enhance or improve the tribological and mechanicalproperties of metal matrix composites. In the present study, Aluminium 6061 was reinforced with agro-waste based novel Squid Quill Ash (SQA) and Boron Carbide (B4C) by employing a stir casting process. Sliding wear behavior of Al/B4C/SQA h...

The total hip prosthesis is considered one of the greatest advancements in orthopaedic surgery in the early 20th century. In hip implant replacement, the stem is inserted into the femur and femoral head, acetabular cup, and backing cup over the stem. This felicitates the normal range of motion and stability of an individual compared to the natural...

In replacement surgery of the hip joint, an implant is replaced into the natural femur which recreates the articulation and functionally of a natural joint. Total hip replacement is significantly increasing by the day worldwide and is likely to increase by 174% by 2030. Primary revision is another major concern for total hip replacement with revisi...

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable non-toxic, biocompatible polymer used as a popular filament material in biomedical applications with the advance of 3D printing technologies. PLA is considered a suitable implant material due to its contribution to bone regeneration. In this study, the use of PLA in Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) as a liner ma...

Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is one of the best advancements in healthcare. THA is required when the hip joint causes immobility and pain. The designed hip implants vary in geometry with different geometrical parameters. The geometry plays an important role in the mechanical behavior of the hip implant. In this study, the optimum selection of hip i...

The purpose of developing an automobile was to reduce human effort, travel faster, and cover longer distances. Cars were meant for transporting a small number of people from one point to another. In India, the four-wheeler segment has picked up over the years due to economic liberalization. The vehicles have been undergoing constant improvements. T...

Materials have helped in evolving technology to a great extent. Composites have replaced conventional metals/non-metals because of their lightweight. Natural Fibres have been need of the hour owing to environmental concerns and ease of availability. In this work, Cannabis Sativa fibers were treated with 5% Potassium Hydroxide solution. The laminate...

Background and objective Total hip arthroplasty is known as one of the best advancements in orthopedics in the 20th century. Due to age or trauma hip joint has to replace by an artificial implant. After the hip arthroplasty, the patients can return to normal day-to-day activities with a normal range of motion. There are several types and designs ar...

Due to intrinsic or extrinsic conditions, the number of car accidents has increased currently across the globe. Drivers must be assured that they can avoid these problematic conditions. According to the statistics, about 10,000 are dead, and more than a million people are wounded each year in India. Hence, improvement in the safety of vehicles is o...

The high-performance plastics usage is increasing in the automobile field because of its advantages over other metals and alloys. Corrosion resistance, light weight, low cost, flexibility in design are the major advantages of plastics above the conventional metallic materials. In this paper a metal version component converted into plastic version i...

EN 8 and EN 31 steel find its major application in the field of automobile and wear resistance machine constituents. Based on wide range of applications of EN 8 and EN 31 grade steel, in the present work an experimental based investigation regarding effect of different cooling medium on the mechanical and tribological properties of heat treated EN...

Background and objective The hip joint is the vital joint that is responsible for the bodyweight transfer from the upper body to the lower body. Due to age these joints are worn out and need to be replaced by artificial hip implants. Wear is the predominant factor that is responsible for the loosening of hip implants. The wear occurs between the jo...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01767.].

Hip implants consist of a stem, femoral head, acetabular cup, and backing cup. There is a wide variety of sizes and lengths. Their adaptability is limited because of the inter-anatomical variations. There is no single fit-for-all implant design that satisfies the orthopedic requirement satisfactorily. In this work, the trapezoidal-shaped stem with...

Background: The hip joint is the largest joint after the knee, which gives stability to the whole human structure. The hip joint consists of a femoral head which articulates with the acetabulum. Due to age and wear between the joints, these joints need to be replaced with implants which can function just as a natural joint. Since the early 19th ce...

Materials play a huge role in the shaping and development of human civilization. The need for materials started from the early stone-age where man needed fire to keep him warm and also to cook his food. Many materials such as copper, iron have been used in the past for few of the applications. But with the advancement of technology and new innovati...

Background: The Hip joint is the primary joint which gives stability to the human body. The wear and tear associated with age and other factors, require these joints to be replaced by implants using hip arthroplasty surgeries. Cobalt chromium alloy (CoCr), titanium alloy, stainless steel are some of the most common hip joint materials used for hip...

Background The femur bone is an essential part of human activity, providing stability and support in carrying out our day to day activities. The inter-human anatomical variation and load bearing ability of humans of different heights will provide the necessary understanding of their functional ability. Objective In this study, femur bone of two hu...

Background Femur bone is an important part in human which basically gives stability and support to carry out all day to day activities. It carries loads from upper body to lower abdomen. Objective In this work, the femur having composite structure with cortical, cancellous and bone marrow cavity is bisected from condyle region with respect to 25%,...

Smart materials are materials, which have a definite response to stimulus provided through a change in pressure, temperature and termed as shape memory alloys (SMA). In this review, the general concept of SMA's has been discussed along with shape memory effects. Shape memory material properties depend on phase shifting phenomena, which consist of p...

Hip joint is the second largest joint in human after knee joint. It is associated with different types of motion which helps in the movement of human body and provide stability. Biomechanics involves the study of movement of living organism. It is important to know and understand the basics of biomechanics of hip joint to define the movement of hip...

The dynamic diminishing in overall oil stores and proximity of stringent outflows runs the world over, have made a desperate prerequisite for the making of automobiles with upgraded effectiveness. This is the change time frame to move with elective powertrains as an Electric driven, hybrid, fuel cell models are being produced. Energy Management Sys...

In the present study effect of artificial sea water environment on mechanical properties of glass/polyester composites was investigated. The laminates fabricated by using vacuum bagging method, were characterized for moisture absorption in artificial sea water for an immersion period of 60 days. Degradation of mechanical properties of aged composit...

In present day Metal matrix composites(MMCs) are widely used in automotive and aeronautical domains due their superior mechanical properties compared to base metal. The current study evaluates the potentiality of conventionally prepared bamboo char particulates along with commercial grade B4C particulates as micro fillers dispersed into the Alumini...

E-Vehicles are poised to cause a major disruption in the automobile as well as the energy industry across the globe. This disruption is propelled by powerful purpose of creating a greener, safer and sustainable planet. Over 194 participating countries in the historical Paris climate agreement enforced in 2016 pledged to limit the average increase i...

Metal matrix composites (MMCs) have a wide scope of industrial applications and triumph over conventional materials due to their light weight, higher specific strength, good wear resistance and lower coefficient of thermal expansion. The present study aims at establishing the feasibility of using Bamboo charcoal particulate and boron carbide as rei...

The present study involves fabrication and fatigue life assessment of multi-layered, woven jute fibres with epoxy matrix composites. Jute fabric were treated with 1N sodium hydroxidesolution for a duration of 6 hours. Alkali treatment was done to modify internal structure as well as surface properties of fibre. Laminates were fabricated by laying u...

The current work is aimed at evaluating the feasibility of laterite as a novel inorganic constituent for polyester matrix composites. Three compositions of the laterite reinforced polyester composites have been synthesised by the hand lay-up technique for varying weight fraction (10–40 wt.%) of laterite particulates of size ~75 μm). The microstruct...

To evaluate the potency of alkyl ethers as alternative fuel source in compression ignition engines, a standard combustor model has been developed. The combustion characteristics of alkyl ethers-dimethyl ether and diethyl ether as potential fuels in compression ignition engines are analyzed. The standard single cylinder 0.9 liter-diesel engines with...

Composite materials based on Grewia Serrulata as reinforcing fibers and polyester resin were prepared by hand lay-up technique and characterized, in terms of mechanical performance. Optimizing the length of the fibers for adequate mechanical properties is attempted in the present work. The mechanical properties of the composites were improved by re...