Cheryl Bartlett

• Cape Breton University

This is a process article for weaving indigenous and mainstream knowledges within science educational curricula and other science arenas, assuming participants include recognized holders of traditional ecological knowledge (we prefer “Indigenous Knowledge” or “Traditional Knowledge”) and others with expertise in mainstream science. It is based on t...

A gelatinous caplike structure found in vivo around the anterior end of two species of acuarioid nematode parasites (Skrjabinocerca prima Shikhobalova, 1930 and Skrjabinoclava inornatae Wong and Anderson, 1988) is described, termed a "pileus," and suggested as the means by which the nematodes attach to the oesophageal and proventricular mucosa of t...

Two morphologically distinct trypanosomes (Trypanosoma ontarioensis n.sp. and Trypanosoma paddae) were found by the haematocrit centrifuge technique in the blood of 53% (64 of 121) of Corvus brachyrhynchos brachyrhynchos wintering in southern Ontario. Trypanosoma ontarioensis n.sp. is a small trypanosome with subterminal kinetoplast. It is monomorp...

A total of 58 starlings (Sturnus v. vulgaris L.) collected in southern Ontario, Canada, was examined for filarioid nematodes. Splendidofilaria caperata Hibler, 1964 was found in 5%, Cardiofilaria pawlowskyi Strom, 1937 in 5%, and Eufilaria sturninus n. sp. in 2%. The low prevalence of infection suggests that the three species are sporadic in starli...

Dirofilaria scapiceps (Leidy, 1886) was found in 62% of 404 Lepus americanus, 27% of 89 Sylvilagus floridanus, 13% of 31 Orytolagus cuniculus (domestic), 4% of 26 L. capensis, and none of 15 L. timidus, 2 L. californicus, and 50 L. townsendii collected in various regions of North America. Dirofilaria scapiceps in L. capensis is a new host record. T...

Dirofilaria scapiceps (Leidy, 1886) developped in the abdominal fat body of Aedes canadensis, A. euedes, A. excrucians, A. provocans, A. punctor, A. stimulans/fitchii, A. vexans, and Mansonia perturbans which occur in enzootic areas in Ontario. Abundances of third-stage larvae were greatest in A. euedes and A. excrucians. Transmission took place in...

Development of Dirofilaria scapiceps (Leidy, 1886) was followed in 34 experimentally infected cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus). Worms were recovered from all rabbits and intensity ranged from 8 to 76% of the number of infective larvae inoculated. Development to subadults occurred in subcutaneous tissues in various regions of the body; the...

Eulimdana lari (Yamaguti, 1935) n. comb. (Nematoda: Filarioidea) was found in 1 of 26 Phalaropus lobatus (L.) and 3 of 9 P. tricolor (Vieillot) collected in Canada near Deer Island, New Brunswick, and Delta, Manitoba, respectively. This is the first report of the parasite in the New World and extends the distribution of the parasite across the Hola...

Splendidofilaria caperata Hibler, 1964 was found in the pulmonary arteries of 1 of 7 red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus (L.) (Icteridae)), 2 of 30 common grackles (Quiscalus quiscula versicolor Vieillot (Icteridae)), and 1 of 2 American robins (Turdus migratorius L. (Muscicapidae)) collected near Guelph, Ontario, Canada. All are new host re...

Syncuaria Gilbert, 1927 is revised and Skrjabinocara Kurashvili, 1940 placed in synonymy with it. Nine species are recognized: S. ciconiae Gilbert, 1927 (type species); S. buckleyi (Ali, 1957) n. comb.; S. decorata (Cram, 1927); S. longialula Wang, 1976; S. leptoptili (Gedoelst, 1916) (=S. parvepapillata Macko, 1962a, 1962b); S. bressoui Gretillat,...

Paronchocerca struthionus n.sp. (Onchocercidae: Splendidofilariinae) from the lungs of Struthio camelus L. (Struthionidae) from West Africa has a long, sacculate glandular oesophagus similar to that of Paronchocerca limboonkengi (Hoeppli and Hsü, 1929) n.comb. (= Lemdana limboonkengi), P. bambusicolae, P. tonkinensis, and P. sonini. It can be disti...

Lemdana wernaarti n.sp. from connective tissue around the lower trachea of Bubo virginianus and Asio otus in Ontario, Canada, is distinguished by a single pair of caudal papillae, a preanal swelling, and a spicular length ratio of 4:1. The generic diagnosis of Lemdana Seurat, 1917 is emended and Singhfilaria Rasheed, 1960, Ameeria Ali, 1961, and Le...

Chandlerella bushi n.sp., from a lymphatic vessel in the leg of one of seven adult American coots (Fulica americana) collected at Delta Marsh, Manitoba, is distinguished by the twisted distal end of the left spicule and by the length of the right spicule being about twice that of the left. Microfilariae of C. bushi occurred in the blood. Adult male...

Pelecitus spiralis (Annett, Dutton, and Elliott, 1901) n.comb. is proposed for Filaria spiralis avium Annett, Dutton, and Elliott, 1901, and Pelecitus major (Annett, Dutton, and Elliott, 1901) n.comb. for Filaria spiralis avium major Annett, Dutton, and Elliott, 1901. Ploceus aurantius (Vieillot) is designated as type host of P. spiralis and Ploceu...

Eulimdana juventarum n.sp. from Willets (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus (Gmelin)), Eulimdana asperum n.sp. from Wilson's Phalaropes (Phalaropus tricolor (Vieillot)), and Eulimdana pseudolari n.sp. from Red-necked Phalaropes (Phalaropus lobatus (L.)) in Canada are described. The name "Eulimdana lari (Yamaguti, 1935)" is restricted to filarioids describ...

Breeding populations of Pseudomenopon pilosum (Scopoli, 1763) became established on 10 laboratory-reared juvenile American Coots (Fulica americana Gmelin) initially infested with 5 adult male and 5 adult female lice. Eggs of P. pilosum hatched less than 10 days after deposition and the combined duration of the three nymphal instars was 10–20 days....

Subspecies of Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) Lopez-Néyra, 1956 are proposed for the first time. The parasite in the original type host, i.e., the Common Coot (Fulica atra L.) in Great Britain, becomes the nominotypical subspecies, namely Pelecitus fulicaeatrae fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) n.subsp.; it requires further taxonomic study. Subsp...

Skrjabinocerca prima Shikhobalova, 1930 developed to the infective third stage in 40 days in Hyalella azteca (Saussure) maintained at 21 °C. Infective larvae occur free in the haemocoel and may impede the amphipod's motility because they lie semirigid and parallel to the longitudinal axis in the posterior abdominal segments. The genital primordium...

Skrjabinoclava inornatae Wong and Anderson, 1988 from the posterior half of the oesophagus and proventriculus of Western Willets (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus inornatus (Brewster)) developed to the infective third stage in fiddler crabs (Uca spp.) collected in Louisiana, U.S.A. This is the first report of the development of an acuarioid in a decapod...

This article shares some of the experiences of an integrative science team based at Cape Breton University, Canada. Integrative science is defined as "bringing together Indigenous and Western scientific knowledge and ways of knowing" and the team includes Mi'kmaq Elders and educators, Cheryl Bartlett and her Research Associates. Together we worked...

IYA programs in Canada were guided by a partnership formed in 2005-2006 between the two largest organizations of (predominantly) amateur astronomers, the Féderation des astronomes amateurs du Québec and the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, and the organization of professional astronomers, the Canadian Astronomical Society. Our vision was "To o...

Globally IYA has been an amazing experience, as it has been in Canada. But how well have we done in Canada towards meeting our vision, "To offer an engaging astronomy experience to every person in Canada, and to cultivate partnerships that sustain public interest in astronomy"? We will report on our efforts to: • have >1,000,000 Canadians experienc...

This article outlines concepts and approaches for teaching Integrative Science (in Mi’kmaq: Toqwa’tu’kl Kjijitaqnn) using the guiding principle of Two-Eyed Seeing, and it discusses challenges that need to be overcome. This discussion is based on the almost 10 years of experience delivering Integrative Science to students at Cape Breton University....

IYA effort in Canada is almost entirely a volunteer one relying heavily upon generous donations of time and effort by hundreds of people. Here we analyze accomplishments to date, and we describe activities to come in the remaining seven months of 2009 and well beyond. Accomplishments include provisions of hundreds of diverse opportunities for many...

Since our 'soft launch' in early January, tens of thousands of Canadians have experienced a 'Galileo Moment' of personal astronomical discovery through participation in one of our diverse set of activities, with opportunities for new activities and partnerships continuing to arise. Braving the cold of the Canadian winter, amateur and professional a...

IntroductionHistoryEtiologyHost Range and DistributionEpizootiologyClinical SignsPathologyDiagnosisImmunityPublic and Domestic Animal Health ConcernsWildlife Population ImpactsTreatment and ControlAcknowledgmentsLiterature Cited

Professional and amateur astronomers in Canada are working together to strengthen - and form new - partnerships with the formal and informal education communities, as well as Aboriginal, arts and cultural organisations: `To offer an engaging astronomy experience to every person in Canada, and to cultivate partnerships that sustain public interest i...

This paper discusses a simple conceptual framework that can help foster imaginative learning in the natural sciences. As a visual tool, it aids perception of relationships in the learning process. The framework involves the transformation of pattern from encountered forms to personally and culturally meaningful forms, i.e. from natural pattern (sen...

his paper details how researchers and community partners have combined results from quantitative and qualitative investigations to develop a program for preventing alcohol abuse in First Nation at-risk teens that are meaningful to the lives of these youth. This article focuses on the levels of theory and evidence which support the development of yo...

Sphaerularia bombi Dufour is an internal nematode parasite of bumble bee queens in North America and Europe. Infection functionally castrates the bee. Here we document the prevalence and intensity of S. bombi infections in seven species of Bombus and three species of Psithyrus on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. We found dramatic variation...

Skrjabinoclava inornatae Wong & Anderson, 1987 was found in one of five adult greater yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca collected near Framboise, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada. This is the first report of a member of the genus in this host. The infection is regarded as sporadic and a further indication that the host distribution of members of Skrjab...

Observations on the host and geographic distribution and transmission of acuarioid and habronematoid nematodes of New World waders (mainly Charadriidae and Scolopacidae) are reviewed. Fourteen species of the genus Skrjabinoclava were found in the proventriculus (rarely the oesophagus] of 13 wader species. Seven species of Skrjabinoclava each occurr...

Acuarioid nematodes collected from whimbrels (Numenius phaeopus hudsonicus) in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada, consisted of Skrjabinocerca bennetti sp. n.; Ancyracanthopsis schikhobalovi (Guschanskaya, 1950); Skrjabinoclava snorrasoni Anderson and Wong, 1992; and Sciadiocara umbellifera (Molin, 1860), and Streptocara sp. Ancyracanthopsis schikhob...

Adult females of Strongyloides robustus Chandler, 1942, a parasite of sciurids in North America, were found in the duodenal mucosa of 30 of 32 red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus (Erxleben)) collected in Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. The parasitic female is illustrated and redescribed; characteristics include: body 3.8-8.0 mm long, ce...

Adult Eulimdana spp (Nemotoda, Filarioidea) of shorebirds (Charodrii formes) produce long-lived, skin-inhabiting microfilariae and then die and are resorbed. The host is thereafter refractory to infection. Pelecitus fulicaeatrae of coots (Fulica americana) also produces long lived, skin-inhabitingmicro filariae, but adult worms become reproductivel...

The significance of precocity in the transmission of heteroxenous parasitic nematodes is reviewed. Precocity of nematodes in intermediate hosts manifests itself in the following ways depending on the species: (i) the unusually large size of the infective larva; (ii) the advanced development of the genital primordium in the infective larva; (iii) de...

Daubaylia pearsoni n. sp. from the hemocoel of Glyptophysa gibbosa (Gould, 1847) (Planorbidae) from Australia is distinguished readily from the 7 other members of the genus by the presence in the female of a pair of prominent toothlike appendages a short distance from the pointed dorsally curved extremity of the tail. The tail of the male is pointe...

Lice transmit species of Eulimdana. Larvae of Eulimdana wongae are described from Austromenopon limosae and Actornithophilus limosae (Amblycera) and Carduiceps clayae (Ischnocera) collected on a marbled godwit (Limosa fedoa). Larvae of Eulimdana bainae are described from Austromenopon phaeopodis (Amblycera) and Lunaceps numenii phaeopi (Ischnocera)...

Eulimdana spp. were found in 13 of 32 species of charadriiform birds from North America and Iceland; 88 of 636 adult birds and seven of 72 juvenile birds harboured infections. Described are: E. andersoni n. sp. from Chlidonias niger; E. metcalforum n. sp. from Sterna hirundo; E. sonini n. sp. from Charadrius hiaticula; E. wongae n. sp. from Limosa...

The filarioid nematode Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) is considered cold-hardy. Adults and microfilariae became motile when placed in saline at 22 C after having been removed from thawed carcasses of their host, the American coot (Fulica americana Gmelin) (Aves: Gruiformes). Adult nematodes from 5 of 12 carcasses became active as did microf...

Eulimdana florencae n.sp. from Stilt Sandpipers (Micropalama himantopus (Bonaparte)) (Charadriiformes: Scolopacidae) at Little Quill Lake, Saskatchewan, and Gem, Alberta, Canada, differs from its closest congener (Eulimdana pseudolari) by the lack of a cleft at the posterior extremity of the female. In addition, the microfilaria of E. florencae has...

Third-stage spiruroid larvae were found encapsulated on the serosa of the small and large intestines and in the mesentery of one of 15 adult upland sandpipers (Bartramia longicauda) from Manitoba, Canada, and three of 18 adult long-billed curlews (Numenius americanus) from Alberta, Canada. The larvae resemble third-stage larvae of Physocephalus sex...

Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) was found among tendons near the ankle (tibiotarso-tarsometatarsalis articulation) in 11 of 15 adult coots (Fulica americana) from Brooks, Alberta, Canada, in 6 of 9 adult coots from Delta, Manitoba, Canada, and in 2 of 4 adult red-necked grebes (Podiceps grisegena) from Brooks. Microfilariae of P. fulicaeatra...

The type species of Foleyella, i.e. F. candezei (Fraipont, 1882), and F. furcata (Linstow, 1899) are redescribed and an emended diagnosis of the genus is given. Among dirofilariine genera, Foleyella is closest to Pelecitus Railliet & Henry, 1910, which contains numerous parasites of birds and also two species in mammals which appear to have been de...

Description of M. martini n. sp. (= M. nilotica El Bihari et al., 1977 sensu Bain et coll., 1985), a parasite of Arvicanthis niloticus from Mali. The natural host is Arvicanthis niloticus from Mali; the description is based on material from experimentally infected laboratory-bred rodents (holotype from A. niloticus; other specimens from Lemniscomys...

RESUM E. Description de Monanema martini n. sp. (= M. nilotica El Bihari et coll., 1977 sensu Bain et coll., 1985), parasite d’Arvicanthis niloticus du Mali. L’hote d’origine est Arvicanthis niloticus du Mali ; le materiel decrit provient de rongeurs d’elevage infestes experimentalement (holotype chez A. niloticus ; autres specimens chez Lemniscomy...

Third-stage larvae of Spiroxys contortus, Falcaustra wardi (and possibly other Falcaustra species), and Serpinema trispinosus were found in aquatic snails, Lymnaea stagnalis, near Guelph, Ontario; prevalences were 79.8, 22.5, and 1.6%, respectively, in 110 snails. Descriptions of the larvae are given. Khromova's [Tr. Gel'minthol. Lab., Akad. Nauk S...

Eulimdana lari (Yamaguti, 1935) n. comb. (Nematoda: Filarioidea) was found in 1 of 26 Phalaropus lobatus (L.) and 3 of 9 P. tricolor (Vieillot) collected in Canada near Deer Island, New Brunswick, and Delta, Manitoba, respectively. This is the first report of the parasite in the New World and extends the distribution of the parasite across the Hola...

Geopetitia aspiculata was found in 12 species of Passeriformes, one species of Coraciiformes, and one species of Charadriiformes which died in a free-flight area in the Tropical House at the Assiniboine Park Zoo, Winnipeg, Canada. The nematodes occurred in chronic inflammatory cysts attached to the serosa of the posterior end of the esophagus, prov...

Dirofilaria scapiceps was found between the synovial sheath and tendons, i.e., within the tendon sheath, in the ankle region of eastern cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) and snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus). In cottontail rabbits, tendons and sheaths appeared normal and all worms were adults. Only one (4%) of 24 infected rabbits contained...

Cercopithifilaria leporinus n. sp. from the subcutaneous tissues of the trunk of snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus Erxleben) in Ontario and Alberta, Canada, is described. This is the only species of Dipetalonema--like filarioid known from lagomorphs. It is distinguished from other species of Cercopithifilaria by its small size, numerous mucrons on t...

Two morphologically distinct trypanosomes were found by the haematocrit centrifuge technique in the blood of 53% (64 of 121) of Corvus brachyrhynchos wintering in southern Ontario.-from Authors

Adult Splendidofilaria caperata Hibler, 1964 were found in the tunica media of the pulmonary arteries of 21% of 341 crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos brachyrhynchos Brehm) wintering in southern Ontario, Canada. Microfilariae of S. caperata were not observed in the peripheral blood or in skin snips of infected crows. Microfilariae were rarely found in lu...

Chandlerella chitwoodae Anderson, 1961 (prevalence 65%), Splendidofilaria caperata Hibler, 1964 (21%), Eufilaria longicaudata Hibler, 1964 (15.5%), C. quiscali (von Linstow, 1904) Robinson, 1971 (1.9%), Cardiofilaria pavlovskyi Strom, 1937 (0.4%) and Splendidofilaria wehri (0.3%) were found in crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos brachyrhynchos Brehm) wint...

Microfilariae of Chandlerella chitwoodae Anderson, 1961 developed to the third stage in the thorax of Culicoides stilobezzioides Foote and Pratt and Culicoides travisi Vargas. Infective larvae were found in the mouth parts of midges fed on infected Corvus brachyrhynchos brachyrhynchos Brehm and kept at 32 °C for 5 days. Chandlerella chitwoodae may...