Chenguang Wang

• Washington University in St. Louis

The catalytic efficiency of natural enzymes depends on the precise electronic interactions between active centers and cofactors within a three‐dimensional (3D) structure. Single‐atom nanozymes (SAzymes) attempt to mimic this structure by modifying metal active sites with molecular ligands. However, SAzymes struggle to match the catalytic efficiency...

The fluorescence imaging (FLI) in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000–1700nm) has attracted considerable attention in the past decade. In contrast to conventional NIR-I window excitation (808nm/980nm), FLI with NIR-II window excitation (1064nm/other wavelength beyond 1000nm) can afford deeper tissue penetration depth with high clarity due...

The catalytic efficiency of natural enzymes depends on the precise electronic interactions between active centers and cofactors within a three‐dimensional (3D) structure. Single‐atom nanozymes (SAzymes) attempt to mimic this structure by modifying metal active sites with molecular ligands. However, SAzymes struggle to match the catalytic efficiency...

Water scarcity is one of the most pressing issues of contemporary societal development that requires innovative technologies where the material not only harvests water but also plays an active role in the process. Here, we demonstrate a highly efficient optical self-sensing approach to humidity capture from the air, where both humidity-harvesting a...

LLM-based judges have emerged as a scalable alternative to human evaluation and are increasingly used to assess, compare, and improve models. However, the reliability of LLM-based judges themselves is rarely scrutinized. As LLMs become more advanced, their responses grow more sophisticated, requiring stronger judges to evaluate them. Existing bench...

We present a new method for large language models to solve compositional tasks. Although they have shown strong performance on traditional language understanding tasks, large language models struggle to solve compositional tasks, where the solution depends on solving smaller instances of the same problem. We propose a natural approach to solve comp...

Herein, a novel molecular SO2‐Bri‐DSB based on the sulfone‐bridged distyrylbenzene derivative is synthesized, and its organic crystal is fabricated. It has a very high photoluminescence (PL) quantum efficiency in the solution and crystalline state, i.e., dual‐state emission (DSE), and the corresponding PL mechanism is clarified in detail using the...

Lipid droplets (LDs) are critical organelles involved in many physiological processes in eukaryotic cells. To visualize and study LDs, particular the small/nascent LDs, the emerging super-resolution fluorescence imaging techniques with nanoscale resolution would be much more powerful in comparison to the conventional confocal/wide-field imaging tec...

Implanted rechargeable batteries that can provide energy over a sufficient lifetime and ultimately degrade into non-toxic byproducts are highly desirable. However, their advancement is significantly impeded by the limited toolbox of electrode materials with a known biodegradation profile and high cycling stability. Here we report biocompatible, ero...

Background: Lipid droplets (LDs) are critical organelles associated with many physiological processes in eukaryotic cells. To visualize and study LDs, fluorescence imaging techniques including the confocal imaging as well as the emerging super-resolution imaging of stimulated emission depletion (STED), have been regarded as the most useful methods....

Environmentally friendly degradable sensors with both hazardous gases and pressure efficient sensing capabilities are highly desired for various promising applications, including environmental pollution monitoring/prevention, wisdom medical, wearable smart devices, and artificial intelligence. However, the transient gas and pressure sensors based o...

A challenge for low-valence cation doping in SnO2 materials is that the sharply elevated baseline resistance is detrimental to sensor stability and the subsequent signal acquisition. In contrast, Homovalent doping has little effect on resistance but the effective homovalent dopant is few. Herein, we find the non-metallic element Se is prone to form...

Metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived metal oxide semiconductors have received significant attention for gas sensing applications. Herein, we reported core-shell In2O3@ZnO n-n heterostructures by depositing ZIF-8 derivative onto wrinkled In2O3 sphere, realizing the control of ZnO shell thickness (12.6-72.4 nm) through controlling MOF growth time. D...

Flexible wearable electronic devices with multiple sensing functions that simulate human skin in all aspects have become a popular research topic. However, the current expensive and time-consuming means of integration and the complex decoupling process are hampering the further development of multifunctional sensors. Here, an ultraflexible ionic fi...

Acetone in exhaled breath can be employed as a diabetic-specific biomarker for noninvasive, painless, quick and in-house screening of diabetes. Herein, a mixed potential type acetone gas sensor using yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and CuSb2O6 sensing electrode (SE) was manufactured. The sensitivities of the sensor to 0.2–5 ppm acetone and 5–200 p...

Pre-trained language models have demonstrated impressive performance in both natural language processing and program understanding, which represent the input as a token sequence without explicitly modeling its structure. Some prior works show that pre-trained language models can capture the syntactic rules of natural languages without finetuning on...

We introduce a new open information extraction (OIE) benchmark for pre-trained language models (LM). Recent studies have demonstrated that pre-trained LMs, such as BERT and GPT, may store linguistic and relational knowledge. In particular, LMs are able to answer ``fill-in-the-blank'' questions when given a pre-defined relation category. Instead of...

This paper presents a parameter-lite transfer learning approach of pretrained language models (LM) for knowledge graph (KG) completion. Instead of finetuning, which modifies all LM parameters, we only tune a few new parameters while keeping the original LM parameters fixed. We establish this via reformulating KG completion as a "fill-in-the-blank"...

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are known to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks. In Natural Language Processing (NLP), DNNs are often backdoored during the fine-tuning process of a large-scale Pre-trained Language Model (PLM) with poisoned samples. Although the clean weights of PLMs are readily available, existing methods have ignored this information i...

The task of completing knowledge triplets has broad downstream applications. Both structural and semantic information plays an important role in knowledge graph completion. Unlike previous approaches that rely on either the structures or semantics of the knowledge graphs, we propose to jointly embed the semantics in the natural language description...

The effect of high- and low-valence doping on adsorbed oxygen has been studied and intensely discussed for decades, in which the high-valence dopant can provide more electrons for ionosorbed oxygen species while low-valence dopant can provide more adsorption sites. In this work, this effect is observed directly by Quasi in-situ X-ray photoelectron...

Lipid droplets (LDs), which are ubiquitous organelles existing in almost all eukaryotic cells, have attracted a lot of attention in the field of cell biology over the last decade. For the biological study of LDs via fluorescence imaging, the superior LD fluorescent probes with environmental polarity-sensitive character are highly desired and powerf...

Rational interface design is an efficient strategy to enhance gas sensing performance. Herein, the large-scale heterogeneous interfaces consisting of porous In2O3 sheets with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) modification were constructed by convenient face-to-face contacts. Heterogeneous In2O3 nanorods were employed as a counterpart to explore the role...

Excitation-emission orthogonalized luminescent upconversion nanoparticles (OUCNPs), which can respond to changes in external stimuli accordingly, show great promise in many intelligent applications. However, the construction of such materials mostly relies on the selective absorption of Nd3+ and Yb3+ at different wavelengths and the long-range ener...

A long-standing goal has been to create artificial enzymes with natural enzyme-like catalytic activity. Herein, a laccase-mimicking catalyst (GSH-Cu) is designed by simulating the copper active sites and spatial amino acid microenvironment of natural enzymes. In particular, the engineered GSH-Cu shows a catalytic function that conforms to Michaelis...

Benefiting from the distinct structural features, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) open new significant opportunities for biomacromolecule encapsulation to design biofunctional composites, whereas their biological activity and utilization efficiency remain challenging for the construction of advanced immunosensor. Herein, biomacromolecules are spati...

To address the problems of short donor-acceptor interaction distance and poor structural stability of the complexes in existing upconversion based luminescence resonance energy transfer (UC-LRET) biosensing technologies. We constructed a LiErF4@ZIF-MnO2 nanoplatform taking advantages of the long-range energy migration characteristics of the energy...

Triethylamine (TEA), as a common and widely used industrial raw material, is extremely hazardous to the environment and human health. Therefore, the development of a portable gas-sensing technology for high-efficiency detection of TEA is of great worth for human health and environmental monitoring. In this work, a mixed potential type TEA sensor wa...

Nowadays, due to the breakthrough in natural language generation (NLG), including machine translation, document summarization, image captioning, etc NLG models have been encapsulated in cloud APIs to serve over half a billion people worldwide and process over one hundred billion word generations per day. Thus, NLG APIs have already become essential...

A series of molecules 1-5 containing the same fluorophore and different alkyl chains are synthesized to reveal the significant effect of molecular conformations on the emission properties. In crystalline state, molecules 1-3 exhibit strong orange emissions with maxima (λem) of about 600 nm and quantum yields (ΦF) of around 60%, while molecules 4 an...

We introduce a method for improving the structural understanding abilities of language models. Unlike previous approaches that finetune the models with task-specific augmentation, we pretrain language models on a collection of task-agnostic corpora to generate structures from text. Our structure pretraining enables zero-shot transfer of the learned...

At present, the main gas-sensing mechanism of oxidized MXene (Ti3C2Tx) is commonly regarded as Schottky barrier modulation, but the influence of surface defects generated by oxidation is ignored and ambiguous. Herein, oxidized Ti3C2Tx crumpled spheres (MS) are obtained, accompanying numerous surface defects through thermal oxidation of MS synthesiz...

NO2 Sensing In article number 2108959, Fangmeng Liu, Geyu Lu, and co‐workers reveal that Ti atom defects enhance the NO2 sensing properties of oxidized Ti3C2Tx due to the stronger adsorption ability towards NO2, and design Ti3C2Tx/TiO2/rGO crumpled sphere heterostructures to further improve the sensitivity and selectivity of NO2. This work provides...

A mixed-potential type solid-electrolyte (MPSE) NO sensor working at room-temperature is of great significance for reducing the power consumption and expanding its application. However, the low sensitivity of the MPSE sensor at room temperature is an urgent problem to be solved. Herein, a highly sensitive room-temperature MPSE NO sensor based on K2...

Fundamentally improving the sensing sensitivity of immunoassay remains a huge challenge, which limited further critical applications. Herein we designed a new immunoprobe by integrating biometric unit (antibody) and signal amplification element (enzyme) to form urease-antibody-CaHPO4 hybrid nanoflower (UAhNF) via the biomineralization process. The...

Nowadays, due to the breakthrough in natural language generation (NLG), including machine translation, document summarization, image captioning, etc NLG models have been encapsulated in cloud APIs to serve over half a billion people worldwide and process over one hundred billion word generations per day. Thus, NLG APIs have already become essential...

A mixed potential type yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)-based NO2 sensor attached with NiO sensing electrode (SE) with efficient three-phase boundary (TPB) processed by electrospinning technology was fabricated. The effect of the structure and area of TPB on the gas sensing performance of the sensor was investigated systematically. The YSZ nanofibe...

The resulting interfacial stress in heteroepitaxial nanocomplex usually has negligible influence on its performance, but at high pressures (HP) the effect can be significantly amplified. In order to unravel the underlying mechanism and search for high quality pressure sensors, a simple object is employed, NaErF4@NaLnF4 (Ln = Y, Lu, Gd) and its Tm³⁺...

The development of high-performance gas sensors for detecting trace amount of CH3OH is an essential and a challenging task for safety using fuel cell vehicles (FCVs). In this work, the metal oxides (SnO2, In2O3, CuO) are employed as the catalyst carrier materials in fuel cell type sensors for the first time to replace traditional carbon, with which...

In this work, Cu7S4-CuO microflowers were successfully synthesized through a simple hydrothermal route. The influence of S doping amount on the corresponding microstructures and gas sensing properties of the composites are investigated. In the comparative gas sensing test, the sensor fabricated from Cu7S4-CuO (S/Cu = 27 mol%) microflowers exhibited...

The innovative application of microwave transduction technology in the field of gas sensors make it possible to develop wireless passive room-temperature gas sensor integrated on wearable device. Herein, the ultra-narrowband microwave filter was designed as microwave transducer device, and the microwave sensing measurements were extended to reflect...

Although the construction of heterojunctions between two different oxides is an attractive strategy to improve the sensing performance of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) based gas sensors, there are few research reports focus on constructing p-p heterojunctions. Here we presented the sensitive material of p-p heterojunctions CoWO4-Co3O4 nanocomposi...

Directly limited by the availability of suitable organic fluorescent probes, the stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy imaging of cellular lipid droplets (LDs) is a highly challenge task. Herein, a sulfone-embedded distyrylbenzene derivative SO2-DSB has been reported as a novel LDs fluorescent probe suitable for STED nanoscopy imaging. Thi...

We cast a suite of information extraction tasks into a text-to-triple translation framework. Instead of solving each task relying on task-specific datasets and models, we formalize the task as a translation between task-specific input text and output triples. By taking the task-specific input, we enable a task-agnostic translation by leveraging the...

SnO/SnO2 nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by one-step solvothermal process and sintering. Their crystal phase, element composition and morphology were characterized in detail by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spect...

In this research, a semiconductor metal oxide (SMO)-based gas sensor was designed for the ultrasensitive and tunably selective detection of formaldehyde and acetone. Cobalt-doped 3D inverse opal SnO2 multilayer films (3D IO Co-SnO2 MFs) used as sensing materials were prepared with the ultrasonic nebulizing deposition (UND) method combined with a se...

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), as an important neurotransmitter, is widely present in the peripheral and central nervous systems. The aberrant expression of AChE could cause diverse neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we developed a facile and interference-free fluorimetric biosensing platform for highly sensitive AChE activity determination based on...

On-site monitoring of carbamate pesticide in complex matrix remians as a challenge in terms of the real-time control of food safety and supervision of environmental quality. Herein, we fabricated robust upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPS)/polydopamine (PDA)-based hydrogel portable suit that precisely quantified carbaryl in complex tea samples with s...

Mixed potential Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.95-based gas sensors utilizing double perovskite type composite oxide La2NiFeO6 – prepared by sol-gel method and sintered at different temperatures – as sensing electrode were fabricated to detect triethylamine (TEA). The influence of the sensing electrode materials with different sintering temperatures on sensing prope...

Early diagnosis and monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 virus is essential to control COVID-19 outbreak. In this study, we propose a promising surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based COVID-19 biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus in untreated saliva. The SERS-immune substrate was fabricated by a novel oil/water/oil (O/W/O) three-ph...

Breath analysis using simple gas sensors is becoming one of the important methods for non-invasive, painless and early diagnosis of certain diseases. Among them, the acetone sensor plays a crucial role in screening and diagnosis of diabetes by detecting acetone concentration in exhaled breath. Here, a stabilized zirconia (YSZ)-based mixed potential...

Full-color luminescent carbon dots (CDs) possess enormous feasible applications in fluorescence sensing. However, the modulation of luminescent emission requires proper synthesis strategies with distinctive precursors to regulate the surface chemistry of the CDs. In this work, the full-color CDs were prepared with the same reactants by adjusting th...

YSZ-based mixed potential type NH3 sensor has a good application foreground in on-board SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) system due to its good thermal and chemical stability. In this study, we greatly improved the NH3 sensing performance of this type of sensor to meet the detection requirement through the development of high-performance sensing...

In this paper, quaternary oxide semiconductor was applied as sensing material for the fabrication of gas sensors. One-step solvothermal method was utilized to synthesize the sensing material. Various characterization methods including XRD, XPS, SEM, HRTEM were employed to analyze the composition and structure of the sensing material. Composite comp...

In this work, a feasible solvothermal strategy to the preparation of double-shelled Cu2O hollow microspheres is described. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the as-synthesized precipitate revealed that they were hierarchical structures composed by nanoparticles. Moreover, the formation mechanism...

Ammonia (NH3) gas sensor is an indispensable element in human daily life, especially in the respiratory analysis, it can perform non-invasive diagnosis of kidney disorder and hepatitis. Addressing the issue of high working temperature and achieving repeatable and stable gas-sensing properties under ambient humidity is favorable for the widespread d...

In this article, Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.95-based mixed potential type sensors attached with La1-xSrxMnO3 (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) were fabricated to detect triethylamine (TEA). The effects of different ratios Sr²⁺ on the performance of triethylamine sensors were studied, and results showed that La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 had the best electrochemical catalytic activity to tri...

In this work, we developed a NH3 gas sensor based on polyaniline (PANI) composited with MoS2 nanosheet-coated SnO2 nanotubes (PMS) via electrostatic spinning, hydrothermal route and in-situ polymerization technique. The morphologies, nanostructures and compositions of the materials were obtained from X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spe...

In this work, polyaniline (PANI) coated Rh-doped SnO2 hollow nanotubes (PRS) were synthesized via electrostatic spinning and in-situ polymerization technique. The obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, Field emission scanning electron microscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Brunauer-E...

In this paper, mixed potential gas sensor using yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) solid electrolyte was developed for acetone and hydrogen sulfide detection. By adjusting the operating temperature and fabricating a double-sensing electrode gas sensor, the specificity of the device was effectively improved. At first, we successfully synthesized two k...

The alloying of Pt with a cheap metal, tailoring structures and compositions are significantly important to boost the utilization and catalytic performance of Pt catalysts in catalytic reactions. Here, small-size monodispersed octahedral PtxCu1-x nanocrystals (NCs) with adjustable components were successfully prepared by a simple solvothermal metho...

This paper shows how to construct knowledge graphs (KGs) from pre-trained language models (e.g., BERT, GPT-2/3), without human supervision. Popular KGs (e.g, Wikidata, NELL) are built in either a supervised or semi-supervised manner, requiring humans to create knowledge. Recent deep language models automatically acquire knowledge from large-scale c...

MXene is a potential candidate of the sensing electrode for flexible gas sensing devices and has attracted considerable attention. However, two-dimensional (2D) MXene Ti3C2Tx nanosheet is liable to stack together and lose the high specific surface area, which limits its gas sensing performance. In this work, a room-temperature flexible NO2 sensor b...

Oxalate is commonly employed as adjuvant of pesticide agent, causing renal injury of human even in trace residues. Despite the great achievements of the existing point-of-care testing (POCT) technology, accurate on-site screening of oxalate remains a tricky issue. To this aim, we proposed a “lab in a tube” platform which integrated portable hydroge...

LiErF4 was commonly used as a dipolar-coupled antiferromagnet, and was rarely considered as a luminescent material. Herein, we achieved the strong red upconversion emission of LiErF4 simply by an inert shell coating, i.e., LiErF4@LiYF4. Owing to the unique and intrinsic ladder-like energy levels of Er3+ ions, this LiErF4 core-shell nanostructures p...

An all-solid-state mixed potential type H2S gas sensor was fabricated with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) solid electrolyte and Cobaltous stannate (Co2SnO4) sensing electrode (SE) for monitoring halitosis disease. The pure phase cubic spinel structure of Co2SnO4 prepared by simple hydrothermal method and annealed at 1000 °C was confirmed based on...

Sensors based on pristine and Pd/PdO-loaded WO3 microspheres (NWs) were fabricated for H2S detection. Solvothermal method was employed to synthesize pristine WO3 microspheres. The Pd/PdO decoration procedure was realized by immersing the pristine WO3 into the solution with Pd precursor. Pd/PdO nanoparticles with diameter around 4-7 nm were successf...