Chathuranga Kumarage

University of Kelaniya · Physics and Electronics

Pseudohexagonal Nb2O5 microcolumns spanning a size range of 50 to 610 nm were synthesized utilizing a cost-effective hydrothermal process (maintained at 180 °C for 30 min), followed by a subsequent calcination step at 500 °C for 3 h. Raman spectroscopy analysis unveiled three distinct reflection peaks at 220.04 cm−1, 602.01 cm−1, and 735.3 cm−1, in...

The impact of N2 purging in the CdS deposition bath and subsequent N2 annealing is examined and contrasted with conventional CdS films, which were deposited without purging and annealed in ambient air. All films were fabricated using the chemical bath deposition method at a temperature of 80 °C on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass slides (FTO). N2 pur...

This research article provides a comprehensive investigation into the optoelectronic characteristics of three distinct types of cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films, namely: (a) conventionally prepared CdS thin films using chemical bath deposition (CBD-CdS), (b) CdS thin films produced via chemical bath deposition with the inclusion of zinc (CBD-Cd(1−x...

Panamaldeniya, S.A.; Maddumage, D.C.; Moumen, A.; Maraloiu, V.A.; Mihalcea, C.G.; Negrea, R.F.; Dassanayake, B.S.; Gunawardhana, N.; Zappa, D.; et al. Synthesis of TiO 2-(B) Nanobelts for Acetone Sensing. Sensors 2023, 23, 8322. Abstract: Titanium dioxide nanobelts were prepared via the alkali-hydrothermal method for application in chemical gas sen...

This study presents conductometric sensors based on Co 3 O 4 nanowires for hydrogen detection at ppb levels. The nanowires are synthesized through thermal oxidation of a 50 nm cobalt layer, exhibiting diameters between 6–50 nm and lengths of 1–5 μm, primarily growing along the (311) direction of spinal Co 3 O 4 . Raman investigation reveals five ch...

The search for sustainable technology-driven advancements in material synthesis is a new norm, which ensures a low impact on the environment, production cost, and workers' health. In this context, non-toxic, non-hazardous, and low-cost materials and their synthesis methods are integrated to compete with existing physical and chemical methods. From...

A healthy and long-lasting life is the utmost wish of any living being thus aging. The aging phenomenon cannot be stopped but may be controlled to some extent when we live in appropriate environments. Usually, the outdoor environment is polluted by two means natural events (windblown dust, volcano eruptions, etc.) and man-made ones (burning of faci...

This review focuses on the synthesis of p-type metal-oxide (p-type MOX) semiconductor thin films, such as CuO, NiO, Co3O4, and Cr2O3, used for chemical-sensing applications. P-type MOX thin films exhibit several advantages over n-type MOX, including a higher catalytic effect, low humidity dependence, and improved recovery speed. However, the sensin...

There is a great interest in portable gas sensing technologies to provide real-time monitoring of indoor and outdoor air quality as well as the human health diagnostics. One-dimensional metal oxide nanowires have demonstrated improved properties compared to the conventional thick film gas sensors. Furthermore, two-dimensional semiconductor nanomate...

Highly sensitive, stable, low production costs, together with easy maintenance and portability, sensors are ever most demanded nowadays for monitoring and quantification of hazardous chemicals/gases in the environment. The utilization of one dimensional (1D) metal oxide nano structured chemical/gas sensors for environmental monitoring is vastly inv...

Nano structures of spinel cobalt oxide (Co3O4) are one of the promising candidates in the p-type metal oxides of the chemical/gas sensors because of superior catalytic properties, long term stability, absorptivity of oxygen at relatively low temperature and resistance to the humidity [1,2]. Also, recent discoveries have brought new horizon for pote...

A simple low-cost method to enhance the electrical properties including open-circuit voltage (VOC), flat-band potential (Vfb) and short-circuit current (ISC) in the photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell of cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films is presented. The PEC cell properties were determined using the configuration Pt/0.1 M Na2S2O3/CdS. Three different s...

In the field of advanced sensor technology, metal oxide nanostructures are promising materials due to their high charge carrier mobility, easy fabrication and excellent stability. In particular, most of them exhibit a reversible interaction between their surfaces and the surrounding atmosphere. This interaction may lead to a change of some differen...

Today Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in many portable electronic devices, hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles due to their unique features. However, the rapid increment in the disposal of used LIBs to the environment causes severe damages to the environment due to the presence of heavy metals. Thereby environmentally friend...

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films were deposited using chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass substrates. Cadmium sulfate, thiourea, and ammonium hydroxide were used as Cd source, S source, and the complexing agent, respectively in the reaction bath. The post-deposition CdCl2 activation of chemical bath deposited...

The deposition temperature of the bath in chemical-bath-deposited cadmium-sulfide thin films can directly affect the optical, electrical, structural as well as morphological properties of deposited thin films. The reporting work discusses the properties of chemical-bath-deposited cadmium-sulfide thin films deposited under steady chemical-bath tempe...

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) is a II-VI group semiconducting material which has been thoroughly investigated due to its superior optical and electrical properties that can be applicable in wide range of semiconductor devices including photonic devices. Due to its direct and wide bandgap (~ 2.42 eV), it is vastly used as the window layer in heterojunction...

CdS thin films (CBD-CdS) and Triton X-100 (TX-100)-treated CdS thin films (TX100-CdS) were successfully deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) conducting substrates using the chemical bath deposition (CBD) method at bath temperatures of 40°C, 60°C and 80°C. The two types of films were characterized for their structural, optical, morphological...

Cadmium sulphide (CdS) thin films as the window material for solar cells were fabricated by two deposition procedures; chemical bath deposition (CBD) and electrodeposition (ED). The grazing incident x-ray diffraction (GIXRD) analysis shows that the fabricated electrodeposited CdS (ED-CdS) and chemical bath deposited CdS (CBD-CdS) are predominantly...

Cadmium sulphide (CdS) thin films as the window material for solar cells were fabricated by two deposition procedures; chemical bath deposition (CBD) and electrodeposition (ED). The grazing incident x-ray diffraction (GIXRD) analysis shows that the fabricated electrodeposited CdS (ED-CdS) and chemical bath deposited CdS (CBD-CdS) are predominantly...

Deposition mechanism of CBD-CdS is twofold; (a) ion-by-ion mechanism (at low bath temperatures) which produces smaller CdS clusters (b) cluster-by-cluster mechanism (at high bath temperatures) which results the formation of larger clusters of CdS [1,2]. Reporting work discusses the properties of CBD-CdS thin films fabricated under steady chemical b...

CdS is a II–VI compound semiconductor with a direct band gap of 2.42 eV at room temperature. Among different methods of CdS deposition, chemical bath deposition (CBD) method stands out as it is a simple and low-cost method to prepare high quality thin films [1]. In the reporting work, effect of N2 purging into the CdS deposition bath and post depos...

Cd1−xZn x S (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) films were fabricated by chemical bath deposition method and characterized by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–visible spectroscopy and photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell. The flat-band potential value was found to be tunable from − 441 to − 664 mV with increasing Zn2+ concen...

We report CdS nanosheet-sensitized solar cells based on SnO2/MgO composite films for the first time. Though, TiO2 and SnO2 have been used for semiconductor-sensitized solar cells (SSCs), composite films based on SnO2, have not yet been used to fabricate SSCs. In this work, CdS nanosheets were used to sensitize the SnO2/MgO-based solar cells. A thin...

Thin film solar cells have been identified as a vastly feasible approach for the fabrication of low cost solar cells. Highly efficient thin film solar cells can be fabricated using hetero-structure semiconductor materials. Among these hetero-structure materials, CdTe has been identified as a material with high carrier concentration, and low defect...

Chemical bath deposition of CdS (CBD-CdS) thin films with the assistance of a cationic surfactant, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), is reported in this work. Also the EDTA treated CdS thin films are compared with that of conventional CBD-CdS. Fabricated thin, compact, uniform and adherent EDTA-treated CdS films show enhanced effective surfa...

A novel method of fabricating chemical bath deposited CdS thin films (CBD-CdS) by using electrodeposited CdS (ED-CdS) as a seed layer is reported. The resulting thin, compact, uniform and adherent seed-assisted CdS films (ED/CBD-CdS) show enhanced effective surface area compared to both ED-CdS and CBD-CdS. The phase of these CdS films was determine...

CdS thin films were grown on conducting glass substrates at different bath temperatures in order to investigate their influence on opto-electrical properties of the chemical bath deposited (CBD) CdS thin films. The CBD-CdS process was carried out with 0.001M CdSO4, 0.002M CS(NH2)2 and NH3 solution at different bath temperatures from 40 to 80 0C for...

The II–VI ternary compound Cd1−xZnxS (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) films were fabricated by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method and characterized by photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell, UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and grazing incident X-ray diffraction (GIXRD). GIXRD results indicate that the fabricated Cd1−xZnxS are hexagonally orien...

CdS is an imperative member of the II−VI group with comprehensive applications as gas sensors, photovoltaics, photodetectors and photochemistry, owing to its direct band gap, low work-function, high electronic mobility and excellent thermal and chemical stability. In this study, a novel method of fabricating chemical bath deposited CdS (CBD-CdS) by...

The tunability of the band-gap value and electron affinity of the n-CdS by adjusting the growth parameters is very important as it paves the way to improve the efficiency of CdS-based solar cells by adjusting the band lineup with other p-type semiconductors. In this respect, polycrystalline n-CdS thin films were grown on FTO glass substrates at dif...

Synthesis of CdS thin films, to be applied as the window layer of CdS/CdTe solar cells, was carried out using Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD). Films were deposited on flourine doped tin oxide coated glass slides, in a reaction vessel containing 0.001 M cadmium sulfate (CdSO 4), 0.002 M thiourea (CS[NH 2 ] 2) and ammonia solution (NH 3). Fabricated f...

CdS thin films were fabricated using Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) to be applied as the window layer of inorganic CdS/CdTe solar cells. CdS was grown using cadmium sulfate, thiourea, ammonia and ammonium hydroxide on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glasses. Bath temperature of the films was varied from 40 ºC to 80 ºC to study their optical and elec...