Charles Lienhard

Natural History Museum of Geneva · Arthropoda Department

Taxonomie: Berufung und Beruf! Betrachten, beobachten, beschreiben, benennen-bewundern! Ursprünglich war ich vor allem an Botanik interessiert. Bereits als Gymnasiast liebte ich es, Pflanzen nach der Natur zu zeichnen und zu malen. Die Pflanze hielt still während ich sie betrachtete, machte sich nicht aus dem Staub, wie die Insekten, die gelegentli...

Two new Psyllipsocus species are described and illustrated: P. burckhardti sp. nov. (from Cameroon) and P. namibiensis sp. nov. (from Namibia). A checklist of the eight species of Psyllipsocus known from the Ethiopian Region and North Africa is provided, comprising the cosmopolitan P. ramburii Selys-Longchamps, 1872, the pantropical P. yucatan Gurn...

Species of the Brazilian cave barklouse genus Neotrogla (Psocodea: “Psocoptera”: Trogiomorpha: Prionoglarididae: Sensitibillini) are known to have a “female penis (gynosome)” that functions as an intromittent organ inserted into the membranous pouches in the simple male genital chamber during copulation to receive semen. However, the functions of o...

Abstract: Nine new Psyllipsocus species are described and illustrated. Three species from the Greater Sunda Islands: P. hollieri sp. nov. (Indonesia: Sumatra), P. uncinatus sp. nov. (Malaysia: Borneo: Sabah), P. bauensis sp. nov. (Malaysia: Borneo: Sarawak), and six species from Thailand: P. fusciceps sp. nov., P. prominens sp. nov., P. simplex sp....

Brazilian sex-role reversed cave insects (genus Neotrogla) have a striking structure called the gynosome (or female penis), which deeply penetrates male vagina-like genitalia during copulation to receive nutritious semen. However, the protruding and retracting mechanisms of the female penis, including their evolutionary origin, are poorly understoo...

The widely distributed tropical species Psyllipsocus yucatan Gurney is recorded from several localities in Thailand. P. yongi New & Lee, previously only known from Peninsular Malaysia, is recorded from Thailand and its male is described for the first time. Four new species are described and illustrated: P. formosus Lienhard & Yoshizawa n. sp. (Peni...

Background Rickettsia felis is emergent in tropical areas. Despite its high morbidity, its natural history has not yet been fully determined. We investigated the role of the common household booklouse, Liposcelis bostrychophila, recently found to harbour R. felis. Methods Blood samples from 372 febrile patients from Senegalese villages, as well as...

Brazil’s caves, home to diverse species and minerals, were stripped of protections by a recent presidential decree.

Background Many male animals donate nutritive materials during courtship or mating to their female mates. Donation of large-sized gifts, though costly to prepare, can result in increased sperm transfer during mating and delayed remating of the females, resulting in higher paternity. Nuptial gifting sometimes causes severe female-female competition...

The cavernicolous species Prionoglaris kapralovi sp. nov. is described from Armenia. A key to the three species of Prionoglaris known from adults is given and the variability of some characters is discussed. All published locality records of the genus, including those of nymphs, are summarized, along with previously unpublished records based on the...

SYNTHESIS OF PARTS 11-20 OF THE ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO LIENHARD & SMITHERS, 2002: "PSOCOPTERA (INSECTA) – WORLD CATALOGUE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY". Since the volume Psocoptera (Insecta) – World Catalogue and Bibliography was published by the Geneva Natural History Museum in 2002, twenty supplementary papers of additions and corrections have appeare...

The systematic placement of an enigmatic psocid family restricted to Africa, Lesneiidae, was estimated by using a multiple gene data set. The candidates for its close relatives are now classified under two different infraorders, the family Archipsocidae of the infraorder Archipsocetae or the families Elipsocidae/Mesopsocidae of the infraorder Homil...

Lachesilla anura Badonnel and L. grandis Badonnel are recorded from Yemen and both sexes are illustrated based on this newly-stu­died material. Males of these species were previously unknown. A male specimen described and tentatively assigned to L. anura by Badonnel is herein described as Lachesilla guineensis Lienhard, n. sp. The female genitalia...

Five new species of the corniculum species group of the psocid genus Trichadenotecnum Enderlein, T. alfonsoi, T. lingens, T. palmula, T. affinifelix and T. separatum were described from Thailand. These species share a couple of male genital apomorphies with the other Oriental species of this species group recorded from China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, S...

Many male animals donate nutritive materials during courtship or mating to their female mates. Donation of large-sized gifts, though costly to prepare, can result in increased sperm transfer during mating and delayed remating of the females, resulting in a higher paternity Nuptial gifting sometimes causes severe female-female competition for obtain...

Cormopsocidae n. fam. of the psocid suborder Trogiomorpha was proposed for a fossil species from mid‐Cretaceous Burmese amber, Cormopsocus groehni n. gen. & n. sp. This family was estimated to be the sister group of all other trogiomorphan taxa, but the possibility of much deeper divergence (i.e. placement as a sister group of all Psocodea) could n...

In 2019 a strikingly colored species of Liposcelis (Insecta: Psocoptera: Liposcelididae), unknown from the Palaearctic region, was collected by A. Ostrovsky in an ant's nest near Gomel city (Belarus). It is here described as Liposcelis aleksandrowiczi n. sp., a bisexual sister species to the parthenogenetic (thelytokous) New World Liposcelis ornata...

For the sterile insect technique, and other related biological control methods where large numbers of the target mosquito are reared artificially, production efficiency is key for the economic viability of the technique. Rearing success begins with high quality eggs. Excess eggs are often stockpiled and stored for longer periods of time. Any pests...

Scientific naming of organisms is the first step towards communication about them among scientists; the description of species, allowing their reliable identification, is the foundation for studying biological diversity. Only when observations can be reliably tied to a species can a discussion of its ecology, behaviour, economic importance or evolu...

The divergence date and ancestral distributional area of the psocid subfamily Speleketorinae, which includes taxa with reversed genitalia (female penis and male vagina of Afrotrogla and Neotrogla, tribe Sensitibillini), were estimated. The most basal divergence of the subfamily (between the North American Speleketor and the tribe Sensitibillini) wa...

The evolution of a female penis is an extremely rare event and is only known to have occurred in a tribe of small cave insects, Sensitibillini (Psocodea: Trogiomorpha: Prionoglarididae). The female penis, which is protrudable and inserted into the male vagina‐like cavity during copulation to receive semen, is thought to have evolved independently t...

Two new soil-dwelling psocids (Psocoptera: Trogiidae and Pachy-troctidae) from the islands of St Helena and Madagascar.-Two new apterous species of Psocoptera (Insecta) are described and illustrated, each belonging to a new genus: Helenatropos abrupta gen. n., sp. n. (female) (Trogiidae) from a semidesertic biotope on the mid-Atlantic island of St...

This subject bibliography is based on the World Bibliography published by Lienhard & Smithers ["Psocoptera (Insecta) - World Catalogue and Bibliography", Instrumenta Biodiversitatis, vol. 5, 2002, Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Genève, xli+745 pp. ISBN 2-88139-009-9] and the Additions to the World Bibliography (Parts 1-15), published between 2003 and...

A new species of Neotrogla from Brazilian caves (Psocodea: 'Psoc optera': Prionoglarididae).-The recently described Brazilian genus Neotrogla lienhard previously consisted of three cave-dwelling species, one from each state, Minas gerais, Tocantins and Bahia. A fourth species, N. curvata n. spec., is here described from several caves in Bahia state...

Since the volume Psocoptera (Insecta) – World Catalogue and Bibliography was published by the Geneva Natural History Museum in 2002, a series of supplementary papers of additions and corrections has appeared in Psocid News. All available literature on Psocoptera was treated in the same style as the Catalogue (listed taxonomically, faunistically and...

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die vorliegende Arbeit ist in erster Linie als Beitrag zur biologischen Inventarisierung des in den westlichsten Teilen der Ostalpen gelegenen Schweizerischen Nationalparks und der angrenzenden Gebiete des Unterengadins und des Münstertals (Val Müstair) zu verstehen; zugleich handelt es sich um die erste eingehendere faunistische Un...

Description of a new beetle-like psocid (Insecta: Psocoptera: Protrocto-psocidae) from Turkey showing an unusual sexual dimorphism.-Reticulopsocus besucheti gen. n., sp. n. is described and illustrated from a series of specimens of both sexes collected under stones in southern Turkey. The new genus is closely related to the Mediterranean genera Che...

Four interesting psocids (Psocodea: 'Psocoptera') from European parts of Russia and from the eastern Mediterranean.-The following two new species are described from the central and southern parts of European Russia: Valenzuela labinae sp. n. (Caeciliusidae), Peripsocus golubae sp. n. (Peripsocidae). The macropterous morph (female) of Valenzuela lab...

A new species of Austropsocus (Psocodea: 'Psocoptera': Pseudo cae ci-liidae) with a peculiar forewing venation from New Caledonia.-Austropscous millei sp. n. is described and illustrated on the basis of a single male from New Caledonia. Based on general morphology the new species is assigned to the genus Austropsocus, in spite of its very peculiar,...

A bs t ract ¡¡ Two new species , Liposcelis capitisecta sp. nov. and Liposcelis badia sp. nov. are described and illustrated based on t he specimens collected f rom Sichuan and Hubei Provinces , China , respectively. L. capitisecta belongs to t he group D and was initially collected in stored p roducts , and L. badia belongs to t he group A and is...

The cave-dwelling psocid tribe Sensitibillini (Afrotrogla, Neotrogla and Sensitibilla) is of special morphological and evolutionary interest because of its possession of reversed copulatory organs: i.e. females of Afrotrogla and Neotrogla have a penis-like organ. The female penis structure is highly variable among taxa, as is the case of the male p...

We report a functional switching valve within the female genitalia of the Brazilian cave insect Neotrogla. The valve complex is composed of two plate-like sclerites, a closure element, and in-and-outflow canals. Females have a penis-like intromittent organ to coercively anchor males and obtain voluminous semen. The semen is packed in a capsule, who...

The diversity of feeding apparatuses in insects far exceeds that observed in any other animal group. Consequently, tracking mouthpart innovation in insects is one of the keys toward understanding their diversification. In hemipteroid insects (clade Paraneoptera or Acercaria: lice, thrips, aphids, cicadas, bugs, etc.), the transition from chewing to...

Yoshizawa, K. and Lienhard, C. 2015. The alinguum group, a new species group of the genus Trichadenotecnum, with descriptions of two new species from Thailand (Psocodea: 'Psocoptera': Psocidae). Ins. matsum. n. s. 71: 179-188, 5 figs. The alinguum species group is newly proposed in the genus Trichadenotecnum (Psocidae: Ptyctini), and diagnosis of t...

Trichadenotecnum is one of the most diverse genera among the non-parasitic members of Psocodea (Insecta: "Psocoptera"). The genus shows a world-wide distribution (excluding the Australian Region, where only one introduced species is known) with its center of diversity in southern to eastern Asia. Several species groups had been proposed for this la...

The genus Cryptopsocus Li, 2002 is synonymized with Trichadenotecnum Enderlein, 1909. The type species of Crypto-psocus, T. cynostigmus (Li, 2002) n. comb., is considered to be a close relative of T. marginatum New & Thornton, 1976. These species cannot be assigned to any species group previously established in Trichadenotecnum so that the marginat...

About 2,000 specimens of Psocoptera were collected in Malta recently. Examination of this material revealed 21 new records for the Maltese archipelago, augmenting the known psocid fauna of these islands from 6 to 27 species. One of the most abundant species is Peripsocus stagnivagus Chapman, 1930 (= P. bivari Baz, 1988 = P. leleupi Badonnel, 1976,...

Data on Brazilian cave psocids (Insecta) of the families Psyllipsocidae and Prionoglarididae are summarized, as a synthesis of the results of the most important investigation on cave psocids ever realized. Prionoglarididae are represented by 4 species of the endemic cavernicolous genus Neotrogla, Psyllipsocidae by 17 species of Psyllipsocus (15 of...

Species of the bark louse genus Trichadenotecnum Enderlein (Insecta: Psocodea) from Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore are revised with illustrations and identification keys. Twenty species are here recognised, with four new species and ten recorded for the first time from this region, together with an unnamed species represented by a single female....

Twelve new species are described from 42 caves situated in 10 Brazilian states: Psyllipsocus angustipennis Lienhard n. spec, P. clunioventralis Lienhard n. spec, P. didymus Lienhard n. spec, P. falci-fer Lienhard n. spec, P. fuscistigma Lienhard n. spec, P. marconii Lienhard n. spec, P. proximus Lienhard n. spec, P. punctulatus Lienhard n. spec, P....

Sex-specific elaborations are common in animals and have attracted the attention of many biologists, including Darwin [1 • Darwin C.R. The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex. John Murray, London1871 • Crossref • Google Scholar ]. It is accepted that sexual selection promotes the evolution of sex-specific elaborations. Due to the fast...

The following closely related new species are described and illustrated: Psyllipsocus clunjunctus Lienhard n. spec, P. serrifer Lienhard n. spec, P. similis Lienhard n. spec. Within the genus they form a monophyletic species group characterized by the presence of an elaborate sclerotized clunial bridge medio-ventrally on the male abdominal apex. Ba...

The recently described Brazilian genus Neotrogla Lienhard previously consisted of three cave-dwelling species, one from each state, Minas Gerais, Tocantins and Bahia. A fourth species, N. curvata n. spec, is here described from several caves in Bahia State. It is characterized by the structure of the female genitalia, in particular by the shape of...

All fossil psocid species ('Psocoptera', i. e. free living, mostly bark-dwelling members of the insect order Psocodea) known from Cretaceous amber are listed and their systematic placement is discussed. This critical evaluation of published data resulted in a list of 32 species assignable to 27 genera and 11 families. Each genus could be assigned t...

The unusually developed eyes of a Liposcelis silvarum strain from Croatia were discovered using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Such a morphologically unique type of eye was previously unknown in the genus Liposcelis. The typical morphological characteristics of females and males, important for species diagnosis, were also described and visuali...