Changhui Peng

• University of Quebec in Montreal

Afforestation is gaining global attention for its role in carbon sequestration and timber production. Afforestation affects hydrological processes in forest ecosystems, including water yield. However, there is a paucity of long-term observation data to examine the effects of afforestation on water yield. Moreover, drought caused by global warming c...

Streams and rivers receive organic carbon (OC), including dissolved (DOC) and particulate (POC) forms, from forests and wetlands, playing a vital role in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Despite growing interest in OC dynamics, its cross-ecosystem migration remains poorly understood and reviewed. This review synthesizes key DOC and POC transport...

Mixed-species plantations are increasingly recognized for their potential to maintain forest biodiversity and soil health; however, a comprehensive assessment of their global effectiveness is lacking. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted a meta-analysis of 7,045 paired observations between mixed-species and monoculture plantations, derived from...

Although vegetation phenology generally alters productivity, spatiotemporal variations in this effect and its potential drivers remain unclear. We used satellite‐based vegetation phenology and gross primary productivity (GPP) data sets to analyze trends in the sensitivity of spring GPP to spring phenology (spring SGP) and autumn GPP to autumn pheno...

Altered precipitation regimes as a result of global climate change have significant implications for ecosystem processes, such as the decomposition of litter, a vital process in carbon (C) and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the effects of altered precipitation regimes on litter decomposition across humid and arid biomes remain...

Article Future soil organic carbon stocks in China under climate change Graphical abstract Highlights d Different methods yield significantly varied SOC estimates from the same dataset d Top 1 m SOC was predicted to store 81.99 ± 1.90 to 88.92 ± 1.24 Pg C in China d China's SOC in the top 1 m will function as a C sink under a low-emission scenario...

Due to ongoing climate change, methane (CH4) emissions from vegetated wetlands are projected to increase during the 21st century, challenging climate mitigation efforts aimed at limiting global warming. However, despite reports of rising emission trends, a comprehensive evaluation and attribution of recent changes remains limited. Here we assessed...

Changes in land use and cover can strongly affect terrestrial carbon balance, which in turn can affect the calculation of carbon sinks that will keep future temperature within desired limits. Understanding how changes in land use and cover influence carbon sinks is challenging. Here, we simulated net carbon balance across China with full considerat...

Aim Drought reduces plant growth and hastens the process of leaf senescence in autumn. Concurrently, increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations likely amplifies photosynthetic activity while increasing plant water‐use efficiency. However, how drought affects the date of leaf senescence (DLS) and whether elevated CO 2 can alleviate this remain unkno...

Territorial pattern plays an important role in regional ecosystem management and service provision. It is significant to demonstrate the coordination relationships between the territorial space evolutions and ecosystem services for sustainable regional development. This study focused on quantifying the impacts of production-living-ecological space...

Context Trees play a vital role in reducing street-level particulate matter (PM) pollution in metropolitan areas. However, the optimal tree growth type for maximizing the retention of various sizes of PM remains uncertain. Objectives This study assessed the PM reduction capabilities of evergreen and deciduous broadleaf street trees, focusing on ho...

Earlier start of the growing season (SGS) and delayed end of the growing season (EGS) affect plant carbon uptake. However, the effects of phenological changes on carbon allocation to different plant organs remain unclear. Here, we examined the effects and potential mechanisms of phenological changes on carbon allocation to different organs over the...

China is the world's largest carbon emitter, its carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals significantly reduce climate change and global warming problems. Although the Chinese government proposed carbon emissions will peak by 2030, how do different development models affect carbon emissions in the future? Here, we analyzed the spatial and tempora...

Amid global climate change, recurrent drought events pose significant challenges to regional water resource management and the sustainability of socio-economic growth. Thus, understanding drought characteristics and regional development patterns is essential for effective drought monitoring, prediction, and the creation of robust adaptation strateg...

Climate warming is projected to affect hydrological cycle in forest ecosystems and makes the forest–water relationship more controversial. Currently, planted forests are gaining more public attention due to their role in carbon sequestration and wood production relative to natural forests. However, little is known about how the global patterns and...

Global wetlands are the largest and most uncertain natural source of atmospheric methane (CH4). The FLUXNET-CH4 synthesis initiative has established a global network of flux tower infrastructure, offering valuable data products and fostering a dedicated community for the measurement and analysis of methane flux data. Existing studies using the FLUX...

The conflict between economic development and ecological protection in land use (LU) has been a significant and widely discussed topic. The city circle concept has been proposed to promote economic growth through its strong agglomeration effect. It contains the core city and its surrounding area, and economic activities and ecosystems are highly in...

The diel pattern of CH4 emissions used in field sampling strategies and time-scale extrapolation is generally regarded as peaking during daytime rather than at night. However, under specific conditions such as water limitation and high temperatures that rice widely undergo, the diel patterns of CH4 emissions remain unclear. We identified diel patte...

Time-varying characteristics of particulate matter (PM) pollution play a crucial role in shaping atmospheric dynamics, which impact the health and welfare of urban commuters. Previously published studies on the diurnal patterns of PMs are not consistent, especially in the context of field experiments in central China, and most field studies have on...

Rivers are a key component of the global carbon cycle. They receive vast quantities of terrestrial carbon, of which a large fraction is ultimately exported to the coastal ocean. Our review of previously published assessments reveals that substantial uncertainties remain with regard to the spatial distribution and speciation of the carbon export. Ac...

Climate projections across Québec indicate increased water stress and recurrent vulnerability of cropping systems. In recent years, reports of droughts and water stress have been recorded across the province. Many parts of Québec have experienced droughts in the past few years, which have had uninvestigated impacts on crops. These droughts have bee...

Anthropogenic activities have substantially enhanced the loadings of reactive nitrogen (Nr) in the Earth system since pre-industrial times1,2, contributing to widespread eutrophication and air pollution3–6. Increased Nr can also influence global climate through a variety of effects on atmospheric and land processes but the cumulative net climate ef...

Climate change and variability continue to affect crop production across the world in general and in Quebec in particular. Therefore, it is important to better understand this climate-yield nexus. Unfortunately, in Quebec, there are currently no studies that analyse both precipitation and barley yield. This study aims at filling this research gap b...

Phenological changes play a central role in regulating seasonal variation in the ecological processes, exerting significant impacts on hydrologic and nutrient cycles, and ultimately influencing ecosystem functioning such as carbon uptake. However, the potential impact mechanisms of phenological events on seasonal carbon dynamics in subtropical regi...

The forest soil methane (CH4) flux exhibits high spatiotemporal variability. Understanding these variations and their driving factors is crucial for accurately assessing the forest CH4 budget. In this study, we monitored the diurnal and seasonal variations in soil CH4 fluxes in two poplar (Populus spp.) plantations (Sihong and Dongtai) with differe...

Accurately predicting carbon‐climate feedbacks relies on understanding the environmental factors regulating soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and dynamics. Here, we employed a microbial ecological model (MEND), driven by downscaled output data from six Earth system models under two Shared Socio‐economic Pathways (SSP1‐2.6 and SSP5‐8.5) scenarios, t...

Due to ongoing climate change, methane (CH4) emissions from vegetated wetlands are projected to increase during the 21st century, challenging climate mitigation efforts aimed at limiting global warming. However, despite reports of rising emission trends, a comprehensive evaluation and attribution of recent changes is still lacking. Here we assessed...

Understanding and quantifying the global methane (CH4) budget is important for assessing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. Emissions and atmospheric concentrations of CH4 continue to increase, maintaining CH4 as the second most important human-influenced greenhouse gas in terms of climate forcing after carbon dioxide (CO2). The relativ...

(1) Plant functional traits, which encompass morphological, physiological, and ecological characteristics, are key to plant adaptation, growth, and development. In recent years, the structural equation model (SEM) has gained widespread use as a powerful statistical tool for studying plant functional traits and conducting research in this field. Its...

With over one‐third of terrestrial net primary productivity transferring to the litter layer annually, the carbon release from litter serves as a crucial valve in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. However, few quantitative global projections of litter carbon release rate in response to climate change exist. Here, we combined a global folia...

Environmental and socioeconomic drivers would alter landscapes, bringing various effects with different directions and magnitudes. Demonstrating these driving effects is key to relieving the conflicts between territorial vegetation restoration and regional economic growth. However, the relationship between ecological protection and economic develop...

Forest above‐ground biomass (AGB) is often estimated by converting the observed tree size using allometric scaling between the dry weight and size of an organism. However, the variations in biomass allocation and scaling between tree crowns and stems due to survival competition during a tree's lifecycle remain unclear. This knowledge gap can improv...

Soil enzymes play a central role in carbon and nutrient cycling, and their activities can be affected by drought-induced oxygen exposure. However, a systematic global estimate of enzyme sensitivity to drought in wetlands is still lacking. Through a meta-analysis of 55 studies comprising 761 paired observations, this study found that phosphorus-rela...

Upland soils constitute the second largest and the only manageable methane (CH4) sink, yet current estimations remain substantially uncertain. This review identifies the primary sources of model uncertainties and emphasize the need for improved model accuracy and necessary comprehensiveness to better estimate upland soil CH4 uptake under global cha...

Climate change and human activities have intensified variations of water table depth (WTD) in wetlands around the world, which may strongly affect greenhouse gas emissions. Here, we analyzed how emissions of CO2, CH4, and N2O from the Zoige wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) vary with the WTD. Our data indicate that the wetland shows net...

Litter decomposition is a key ecological process that determines carbon (C) and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. The initial concentrations of C and nutrients in litter play a critical role in this process, yet the global patterns of litter initial concentrations of C, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are poorly understood. We employed ma...

Process‐based land surface models are important tools for estimating global wetland methane (CH4) emissions and projecting their behavior across space and time. So far there are no performance assessments of model responses to drivers at multiple time scales. In this study, we apply wavelet analysis to identify the dominant time scales contributing...

The increasing atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration stems from the development of agriculture. However, N2O emissions from global rice‐based ecosystems have not been explicitly and systematically quantified. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the spatiotemporal magnitudes of the N2O emissions from global rice‐based ecosystems and deter...

Intense grazing may lead to grassland degradation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, but it is difficult to predict where this will occur and to quantify it. Based on a process-based ecosystem model, we define a productivity-based stocking rate threshold that induces extreme grassland degradation to assess whether and where the current grazing activit...

Precipitation changes modify C, N, and P cycles, which regulate the functions and structure of terrestrial ecosystems. Although altered precipitation affects above-and belowground C:N:P stoichiometry, considerable uncertainties remain regarding plant-microbial nutrient allocation strategies under increased (IPPT) and decreased (DPPT) precipitation....

Quantifying how climate factors affect vegetation phenology is crucial for understanding climate-vegetation interactions and carbon and water cycles under a changing climate. However, the effects of different intensities of extreme climatic events on vegetation phenology remain poorly understood. Using a long-term solar-induced chlorophyll fluoresc...

Urban landscape forms can be effective in reducing increasing PM2.5 concentrations due to urbanization in China, making it crucially important to accurately quantify the spatiotemporal impact of urban landscape forms on PM2.5 variations. Three landscape indices and six control variables were selected to assess these impacts in 362 Chinese cities du...

Purpose Soil carbon cycling processes in terrestrial ecosystems are significantly influenced by global changes, and soil microorganisms play a crucial role in soil organic carbon (SOC) and its feedbacks to climate change. Methods To investigate the potential future changes in soil carbon dynamics under different scenarios in the Ziwuling Forest re...

Global change influences plant growth by affecting plant morphology and physiology. However, the effects of global change factors vary based on the climate gradient. Here, we established a global database of leaf traits from 192 experiments on elevated CO2 concentrations (eCO2), drought, N deposition, and warming. The results showed that the leaf m...

The development of allometric biomass models is important process in biomass estimation because the reliability of forest biomass and carbon estimations largely depends on the accuracy and precision of such models. National Forest Inventories (NFI) are detailed assessments of forest resources at national and regional levels that provide valuable da...

Satellite data are vital for understanding the large-scale spatial distribution of particulate matter (PM2.5) due to their low cost, wide coverage, and all-weather capability. Estimation of PM2.5 using satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) products is a popular method. In this paper, we review the PM2.5 estimation process based on satellite AOD dat...

Climate change scenarios established by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change have developed a significant tool for analyzing, modeling, and predicting future climate change impacts in different research fields after more than 30 years of development and refinement. In the wake of future climate change, the changes in forest structure and f...

The recent rise in atmospheric methane (CH4 ) concentrations accelerates climate change and offsets mitigation efforts. Although wetlands are the largest natural CH4 source, estimates of global wetland CH4 emissions vary widely among approaches taken by bottom-up (BU) process-based biogeochemical models and top-down (TD) atmospheric inversion metho...

Globally, livestock grazing is an important management factor infuencing soil degradation, soil health and carbon (C) stocks of grassland ecosystems. However, the efects of grassland types, grazing intensity and grazing duration on C stocks are unclear across large geographic scales. To provide a more comprehensive assessment of how grazing drives...

A significant increase in reactive nitrogen (Nr) added to terrestrial ecosystems through agricultural fertilization or atmospheric deposition is considered to be one of the most widespread drivers of global change. Modifying biomass allocation is one primary strategy for maximizing plant growth rate, survival, and adaptability to various biotic and...

As global climate conditions continue to change, disturbance regimes and environmental drivers will continue to shift, impacting global vegetation dynamics. Following a period of vegetation greening, there has been a progressive increase in remotely sensed vegetation browning globally. Given the many societal benefits that forests provide, it is cr...

Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from grazing lands (i.e., pasturelands and rangelands) are an important source of global warming while current estimations remain large uncertainties. This study has improved and applied the biogeochemical process-based model, TRIPLEX-GHG modelv2.0, to estimate the magnitude of the N2O emissions from global grazing lan...

Soil microorganisms are critical biological indicators for evaluating soil health and play a vital role in carbon (C)-climate feedback. In recent years, the accuracy of models in terms of predicting soil C pools has been improved by considering the involvement of microbes in the decomposition process in ecosystem models, but the parameter values of...

Canada's boreal forests, which occupy approximately 30% of boreal forests worldwide, play an important role in the global carbon budget. However, there is little quantitative information available regarding the spatiotemporal changes in the drought‐induced tree mortality of Canada's boreal forests overall and their associated impacts on biomass car...

Increased greenhouse gas emissions are causing unprecedented climate change, which is, in turn, altering emissions and removals (referring to the oxidation of atmospheric CH4 by methanotrophs within the soil) of the atmospheric CH4 in terrestrial ecosystems. In the global CH4 budget, wetlands are the dominant natural source and upland soils are the...

Forest ecosystems play an important role in the global CH4 cycle. Understanding and quantifying the contribution and distribution of CH4 sinks and sources in global forest soils is vital for assessing realistic approaches to climate change mitigation. Here, we compiled a dataset of in situ global forest soil CH4 fluxes from published data, incorpor...

The Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP) has experienced atmospheric warming, cryosphere thaw and intensified human activities since the 1970s. These changes have had sometimes striking impacts on the hydrology, ecosystems and biogeochemistry of the region. In this Review, we describe carbon and nitrogen cycling on the QTP. Overall, the QTP has been a net...

Forest soils play a vital role in regulating the balance between the production and consumption of global soil greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as CO2, CH4, and N2O. However, the effect of N addition on GHGs concentrations at different soil depths in subtropical forests has never been elucidated. We conducted a two-year field study to investigate the...

Aim Compared with gradual climate change, extreme climatic events have more direct and dramatic impacts on vegetation growth. However, the influence of climate extremes on important phenological periods, such as the end of the growing season (EOS), remains unclear. Here, we investigate the temporal trends of EOS across different biomes and quantify...

Stumps are a key component of managed forest ecosystems, but their role in ecosystem respiration is poorly understood and commonly ignored. Nitrogen (N) addition can affect soil respiration, yet only a few studies have assessed the effect of stumps on soil respiration in intensively managed forests under increasing N deposition. Here, we report the...

Carbon allocation is an important mechanism through which plants respond to environmental changes. To enhance our understanding of maximizing carbon uptake by controlling planting densities, the carbon allocation module of a process-based model, TRIPLEX-Management, was modified and improved by introducing light, soil water, and soil nitrogen availa...

Atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) far exceeding the pre-industrial levels have the potential to change carbon (C) dynamics in northern peatlands. However, the responses of soil C concentration and organo-chemical composition to different rates and durations of nutrient enrichment are still unclear. Here, we compared the shor...

In forest ecosystems, the majority of methane (CH4) research focuses on soils, while tree stem CH4 flux and driving factors remain poorly understood. We measured the in situ stem CH4 flux using the static chamber-gas chromatography method at different heights in two poplar (Populus spp.) forests with separate soil textures. We evaluated the relatio...

Mountain systems support exceptionally high terrestrial biodiversity, but despite decades-long efforts, there is still no consensus on the determinants of elevational richness patterns. Here, we developed a scaling laws model that holds across trophic guilds, taxonomic groups, and ecosystem types, demonstrating that the diverse elevational richness...

Spruce budworm (SBW) outbreaks are one of the most devastating natural disturbances in spruce-balsam fir forests of eastern North America. Both early intervention strategy (EIS) and foliage protection strategy (FP) are being tested to limit forest losses, but the quantitative impact on forest carbon (C) dynamics is still unclear. In this study, we...

Background Nitrogen (N) deposition affects soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, while biochar application reduces GHG emissions in agricultural soils. However, it remains unclear whether biochar amendment can alleviate the promoting effects of N input on GHG emissions in forest soils. Here, we quantify the separate and combined effects of biochar a...

Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from croplands are one of the most important greenhouse gas sources while the estimation of which remains large uncertainties globally. To simulate N2O emissions from global croplands, the process-based TRIPLEX-GHG model v2.0 was improved by coupling the major agricultural activities. Sensitivity experiment was used to...