Cezary Kabala

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• Prof. Dr Hab.
• Professor (Full) at Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences

The database contains an information about sum of base cations, exchangeable aluminium, cation exchangea capacity, effective cation exchange capacity, base saturation and effective base saturation in around 1560 samples (horizons) of soil existing in various climate zones, mainly in the Southern Hemisphere, developed from various parent materials a...

Patches of Chernozems and Phaeozems that presently occur in the Luvisol-dominated loess belt of south-west Poland and discoveries of chernozemic soils buried under Neolithic long barrows in the region, allow to suspect a noticeably greater contribution of chernozemic soils in the soil cover of this part of Central Europe in the past. However, the c...

Soil erosion and the loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools are considered serious environmental problems in undulating landscapes on loess covers, accompanied in some areas, such as south Poland, by the physical degradation of chernozemic soils. The aim of the present study was to identify the scale and reasons for spatial variation of the SOC po...

The Neolithic Kelteminar culture developed in Central Asia mainly along the paleochannels of the Zerafshan delta. However, many settlement sites were identified at approximately 200 m a.s.l without a clear relation to known water bodies. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis on the Neolithic settlement on the lacustrine sediments of a post...

Soil properties reflect a host of environmental conditions and land-use patterns. Formation of cultural landscapes may well be studied at barrow cemeteries, which give the opportunity of comparing the properties of buried soils, the material building the mounds and the present-day soil cover. Current archaeo-pedological research on Late Neolithic l...

The sandy soils of river valleys in Poland and other European countries were subjected to the transformation since the seventeenth century following hydrotechnical engineering works. Regulation of river channels and expansion of drainage infrastructure were intended to protect residential areas from flooding, increase agricultural land, and improve...

Global models of ecosystem limitation maintain that in the early stages of pedogenesis, low nitrogen availability limits the earliest stages of primary succession. However, high-altitude arid and hyperarid areas are underrepresented in these models. Significantly, the areas combining aridity with glaciation/deglaciation processes (i.e. Himalayas, E...

Soil classification is a difficult issue and requires many years of study under the guidance of experienced teachers. In the course of long-term studies and field research, soil scientists acquire the skills of recognizing and correctly naming many important features resulting from litho-, anthropo- or pedogenic processes. The problem with learning...

brochure on how to use the SYStem application and social media in edutainment focused teaching is supplementary resource helping HEIs teachers to introduce edutainment gameficated approach of SYStem in various soil science courses. It is available as a pdf file for free download.

Texturally bipartite and stagno-gleyed Planosols are becoming more commonly reported from the temperate climate zone. Although ferrolysis is widely accepted as the major process responsible for abrupt textural change in South American Planosols, clay illuviation or native lithogenic discontinuity is understood to be more important for texturally di...

An analysis of 2360 soil profi les, localized mostly in south-west, west and central-north Poland, which were newly classifi ed following the criteria of the recent Polish soil classifi cation, 6th edition (SGP6), has allowed an assessment of the usefulness of the soil map of Poland (1:300,000), soil-agricultural maps (1:5,000–1:25,000) and soil-ha...

Chernozems are considered to degrade under the temperate humid climate of Central Europe, particularly in the arable and undulating areas and, thus, exposed to erosion. The present study was carried out in the loess-covered Proszowice Plateau (southern Poland), which was found to have a continuous cover of chernozemic soils in the past. Ten soil pr...

The discussion on the formation of Chernozems still has no consensus, and one of the outstanding questions is the type of the vegetation that supported the persistence of these soils in Central Europe over the Holocene period. The transformation of Chernozems and related soil types may be clarified by paleoenvironmental studies, which integrate dif...

Water erosion, accelerated in sloped landscapes by intense cultivation (ploughing), can rapidly degrade humus-rich topsoil horizons of chernozemic soils, leading to an irreversible loss of the most valuable soil resources, in particular in areas with relict Chernozems/Phaeozems. An afforestation can effectively control erosion rates, but dense cano...

Isotopes of meteoric 10Be, 137Cs, 239+240Pu have been proposed as a soil redistribution tracer and applied worldwide as an alternative method to classical field-related techniques (e.g., sediment traps). Meteoric 10Be provides information about long-term soil redistribution rates (millennia), while 137Cs and 239+240Pu give medium-term rates (decade...

Copper ore mining, processing, and smelting are considered important sources of soil and crop contamination with metals and metalloids. The concentration of elements in soils and selected vegetable and fruit species has been monitored around a large-scale tailings pond (located in SW Poland) to evaluate its impact on soil quality and food plant pro...

The book is the regional atlas of the Karkonosze | Krkonoše Mountains, and in the same time Karkonoski National Park (Poland), and Krkonošský National Park (Czechia). It consists of set of thematic maps concernig geography of the highest mountain range of the Sudetes, the elements of natural environment, and their preservation, as well as populatio...

Thin loess deposits are widespread soil parent materials and important archives for paleoenvironmental reconstruction. The origin of loess in SW Poland is attributed to the Great Odra Valley (GOV), following the general concept that large rivers play a major role in regional silt supply. Yet, the precise provenance (glacier sources and/or local roc...

The elimination of flooding and lowering of the groundwater table after large-scale river regulation allow deep penetration of soils by plant roots, soil fauna, and microorganisms, thus creating favorable conditions for advanced pedogenesis. Although the changes of the morphology and properties of agriculturally used drained alluvial soils in Centr...

Environmental changes in national parks are generally subject to constant observation. A particular case is parks located in mountains, which are more vulnerable to climate change and the binding of pollutants in mountain ranges as orographic barriers. The effectiveness of forest soil monitoring networks based on a systematic grid with a predetermi...

Spectroscopic methods combined with statistics have recently gathered substantial interest in pedological studies. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been utilized, for example, for reconstructions of the history and transformations of Chernozems, although no similar research was conducted based on mid-infrared (MIR). In this paper, the relevance...

Two earthen mounds, trapezoid in shape, oriented along the W-E/NW-SE axis and located in prominent landscape positions, were recently discovered in the Głubczyce Forest in the loess area of the Głubczyce Plateau (SW Poland). Their resemblance to long-barrows of the Funnel Beaker culture, as yet unknown in this part of Silesia prompted low-invasive...

Melting glaciers release new ground surfaces, which may be either a source of greenhouse gas emissions or a sink for carbon dioxide. Studies carried out in subpolar and alpine ecosystems confirm the relatively rapid soil development and increase of carbon and nitrogen pools. However, observations from high-mountain glacier forelands in cold and dry...

The forest litter and underlying mineral topsoil are typically sampled and analyzed separately although they are in a dynamic balance, which ensures macro- and microelement cycling in the forest ecosystem, including the flux and accumulation of xenobiotics in the contaminated sites. Although the national legal regulations specify single limits of e...

For a long time, the soils covering areas strongly transformed by human were ignored in scientifi c discourse. Also, practice did not care much about these soils because of their unproductivity. Only the large post-mining areas reclaimed and transformed into a forest or agricultural land were more interesting both for science and practice. In the c...

The Soil Science Society of Poland has elected technogenic soils to be the Soils of the Year 2020 to highlight the growing understanding of the functions of human-created or signifi cantly human-transformed soils in urban and industrial agglomerations, inhabited by the majority of the human population. Technogenic soils differ greatly in their morp...

Europe's largest copper ore tailings impoundment has been considered a potential source of risk for human health, thus leading to the elimination of agricultural production in the surrounding area and its subsequent afforestation. The aim of this study was to analyse the level, spatial distribution and temporal changes in soil and edible plant cont...

Slope deposits with aeolian silt admixture are a widespread parent material of soils in the temperate zone but may be neglected when rates of soil production are quantified. The concept of periglacial cover beds differentiates slope deposits with or without aeolian silt admixture; yet there is a remaining debate on processes and the timing of their...

Abstract: Chernozemic soils are distinguished based on the presence of thick, black or very dark, rich in humus, well-structural and base-saturated topsoil horizon, and the accumulation of secondary carbonates within soil profile. In Central Europe these soils occur in variable forms, respectively to climate gradients, position in the landscape, mo...

Mapy glebowo-rolnicze tworzone od połowy lat 60. do 80. XX wieku i przetworzone do wersji numerycznej w ostatnich latach są bardzo cennym źródłem informacji o przydatności i przestrzennym zróżnicowaniu gleb użytkowanych rolniczo w Polsce. Standardowy zapis w konturze kartograficznym obejmuje informacje o typie gleby (niekiedy również o podtypie lub...

Vertisols are characterized by high content of clay fraction that affects their specific morphological and physical features. The shrink-swell phenomena of clayey materials under specific moisture regime cause formation of cracks, wedge-shaped structural aggregates and slickensides on aggregate surfaces. It was formerly believed that these soils ca...

The sixth edition of the Polish Soil Classification (SGP6) aims to maintain soil classification in Poland as a modern scientific system that reflects current scientific knowledge, understanding of soil functions and the practical requirements of society. SGP6 continues the tradition of previous editions elaborated upon by the Soil Science Society o...

The 6th edition of the Polish Soil Classification (SGP6) published in 2019. It aims to maintain soil classification in Poland as a modern scientific system that reflects current scientific knowledge, international trends and practical needs. SGP6 continues the leading idea of the previous editions – to join the traditional genetical approach and mo...

The Soil Science Society of Poland has elected chernozem to be the Soil of the Year 2019. Although chernozems cover less than 2% of Poland, they have high importance for agriculture due to their productivity and play a specific scientific role for understanding of soil development and functioning in an environment. Chernozems are also crucial for t...

Diverse chernozemic soils featured by thick mollic horizon, rich in humus, dark-coloured, structural, and saturated with base cations are relatively common in the loess-belt of SW Poland. It is postulated, that most of these soils may have similar initial (chernozemic) history of thick humus horizon, related to climate conditions and vegetation in...

The missing data on bulk density make impossible the calculations of soil water retention, organic carbon pools and evaluation of the numerical indices of soil and forest habitat fertility and potential productivity. A common reason of skipping of bulk density measurement is the high content of rock fragments in soil, in particular in the subsoil l...

Among the clay-illuviated soils, dominant in the loess belt in southern Poland, islands of chernozemic soils are distinguished by their spectacular agricultural productivity. However, those soils are not marked as Chernozems/Phaeozems in European and world soil maps due to their common excessive wetness and doubts regarding their origin. Well-prese...

The legal regulatory/action levels of trace elements in soils are established at high concentrations, at which the crucial functions of soil are at risk or are eliminated. However, concentrations below these action levels, but above presumed natural levels, may also limit particular ecosystem services, including organic food production. Thus, defin...

Taking into account the fact that (a) measurement of the cation exchange capacity and base saturation is practically unavailable in the field, that formally makes impossible the reliable field classification of many soils, (b) base saturation is measured or calculated by various methods those results significantly differ, (c) base saturation and so...

This study investigates the scale of inheritance of signatures typical of loess- and basalt-derived substrates in soils having both components present as parent material due to past periglacial processes. Based on field description, particle size distribution, mineralogy (heavy minerals and clay minerals) as well as geochemistry we track the signal...

The course is dedicated for environment and geo- oriented study programmes e.g. environmental protection, geography, agriculture, forestry and on both, 1st or 2nd study levels (depending on the programme concept and educational solutions at particular higher education institution). It consists asa set of lectures, tutorials and fieldwork (together...

The content of plant-available phosphorus (P) is a valuable chemical measure of human impact on soils, commonly employed as a diagnostic criterion in many national classifications and also as an international soil classification system (WRB). However, three different analytical procedures are presently used in the WRB for defining anthric propertie...

Following the other pedological societies, the Soil Science Society of Poland has launched a programme „Soil of the Year”, and Rędzina (Rendzina) was selected as the soil inaugurating the programme in 2018. Polish term „rędzina” was internationally popularized by Stanisław Miklaszewski in the second/third decade of 20 th century and is present in t...

The agricultural value of rendzina soils depends on many factors, including type of parent rock, texture of arable layer, admixture of post-glacial materials and occurrence of coarse fragments. Over 97% of rendzinas in Poland are arable soils, and less than 3% are under permanent meadows and permanent pastures. Rendzinas are soil of high production...

Soil investigation may be carried out on various levels of knowledge, research capacity and proficiency. Scientists commonly apply advanced methodology for soil resources inventory, including the professional terminology for landscape and soil description, data acquisition and processing, soil classification and mapping, soil and land evaluation. B...

Wstęp W 2010 r. w okolicach Olkusza przeprowadzono prace terenowe dla potrzeb opracowania arkusza mapy glebowej zgodnie z klasyfikacją WRB. Podstawę informacji glebowej dla nowej warstwy stanowiła mapa glebowo-rolnicza w skali 1:25 000 (MGR25), z której reklasyfikacji poddano całe kontury glebowe. Celem pracy była analiza klasyfikacji rędzin wydzie...

Przeanalizowano całkowitą zawartość oraz formy pierwiastków śladowych w glebach leśnych wytworzonych z krystalicznych skał krzemianowych w Górach Izerskich na obszarze degradacji drzewostanów. Stwierdzono wyraźnie podwyższoną zawartość ołowiu, szczególnie w próchnicy nadkładowej. Cynk, miedź i nikiel występują w relatywnie małych ilościach. Analiza...

The concentrations of heavy metals in two high moor peat profiles situated in the mountainous area of Lower Silesia (Poland) we re measured and an attempt was made to distinguish between natural and anthropogenic metal concentrations. The highest Pb concentrations of 100-185 mg/kg were found at the depth of 0-20 cm, which reflected the level of air...

Forms of Fe, Pb, Zn and Cu were determined by the means of seąuential extraction in podzol pro- files developed from granitogneiss in the Izerskie Mountains. Seven metal fractions were separated. Organie matter supply to soil profile was found to be a crucial factor determining the total concentration of lead in soil horizons. The main forms of cop...

Abstract

Soil Sequences Atlas III is a continuation of two earlier volumes published in 2014 and 2018. As in the previous studies, the variability of soil cover is presented in the form of soil sequences characteristic of particular types of landscapes. Each of the chapters contains a general description of the environment (lithology, topography, land use,...

The significant spatial variability of the soil cover results from the differentaial impact of individual soil-forming factors. In this book the pedo-variability is presented in form of soil sequences which are characteristic for particular types of landscapes. The fourth part of Soil Sequences Atlas contains description of 75 pedons (with soil pro...

Aeolian silt contribution to soils on mountain slopes (Mt. Ślęża, southwest Poland) – ERRATUM - Jaroslaw Waroszewski, Tobias Sprafke, Cezary Kabala, Elżbieta Musztyfaga, Beata Łabaz, Przemysław Woźniczka

Soils in mountainous areas are often polygenetic, developed in slope covers that relate to glacial and periglacial activities of the Pleistocene and Holocene and reflect climatic variations. Landscape development during the Holocene may have been influenced by erosion/solifluction that often started after the Holocene climatic optimum. To trace bac...

Global and local climate changes could disturb carbon sequestration and carbon stocks in forest soils. Thus, it is important to characterize the stability of soil organic matter and the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions in forest ecosystems. This study had two aims: (1) to evaluate the effects of altitude and vegetation on the content...

This paper evaluates the possible contribution of aeolian silt to soils of Mt. Ślęża (southwest Poland). Silt loam textures are common across Lower Silesia and are often confused with silt clay loam, especially at the outer boundaries with thin loess deposits. Eight study sites with different thicknesses of silt loam mantles that are covered and/or...

Buried, humus-rich horizons, up to 0.60 m thick, poor in archaeological artefacts and other anthropogenic materials, were identified during an archaeological rescue excavation conducted at monastery grounds, located near the centre of Wrocław (SW Poland). As indicated by historical sources, the monks settled in the 18th century in a suburb area, wh...

The aims of the study were to analyse the concentration of nitrate and ammonium ions in soil solutions obtained using MacroRhizon miniaturized composite suction cups under field conditions and to determine potential nitrogen leaching from soil fertilized with three types of fertilizers (standard urea, slow-release urea, and ammonium nitrate) at the...

This paper discusses new regulations on the assessment of soil contamination and the principle rules for remediation of contaminated sites included in the Environmental Protection Act, amended in 2014., as well as in related implementing legislation of 2016. In place of soil quality standards and the requirement to bring soil to the state that meet...

The overall impact of individual environmental factors on the content of soil organic carbon (SOC) is well known, but the simultaneous impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors on the amount and diversity of SOC pools in mountain areas are still insufficiently recognized. This study has three objectives: (1) to determine SOC pools in the mountai...

Informations about book here: https://sites.google.com/site/wgsuitma/ In section: Publications

The article presents proposed English translations of all names of soil units (orders, types and subtypes) listed by Polish Soils Classification, PSC (2011). The proposal has been elaborated based on the recent Polish and foreign literature, using uniform and consistent criteria. Due to the lack of soil names translation in the recent, fifth editio...

Differentiation of soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations and pools in topsoil horizons of forest soils in the Karkonosze Mountains was examined in relation to environmental and human-induced factors, with special focus on altitudinal gradient, related climatic conditions, and a zonality of vegetation. The samples were collected from the forest l...

The morphology and properties of the post-arable soils that influence the trophic status of forest habitats on the Barycz river terraces (south-western Poland) were analyzed. The fieldwork included the characterization of the soil, tree layer, and the vegetation of the forest floor, as required for the forest habitat evaluation. In the collected so...

In 2013-2014, field experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Research Station in Pawłowice (Department of Crop Production of the Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences), using sorghum as a test plant. The purpose was to determine the influence of the type of fertiliser on the content of mineral nitrogen (N-NO3 and N-NH4) in the...

The recent editions of the Polish Soil Classification (PSC) have supplied the correlation table with the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB), which is the international soil classification most commonly used by Polish pedologists. However, the latest WRB edition (IUSS Working Group WRB 2015) has introduced significant changes and many of...

River regulation since the 17th century, large-scale drainage, and intensive farming have seriously transformed soils in the river valleys of Poland. Flood suppression and groundwater lowering have created oxidizing conditions in topsoil and allowed biological activity and plant rooting, which has retarded original stratification of the alluvial su...

Both the international ISO standard and modern soil classifi cations and databases require soil pH measurement at a 1:5 soil:solution ratio, while the ratio 1:2.5 is still the most commonly used in Poland and other European countries. The transformation of laboratory practices is necessary, but it is also necessary to establish and validate a relia...

The aim of the study was to determine whether long-term intensive cultivation that used variable ploughing and fertilisation technologies and schemes influences the differentiation of soil properties which may impact the results of growing experiments in a relatively small experimental field (0.1 ha). The field under study is located in Wrocław, in...

Soil mapping, classification, and pedologic modeling have been important drivers in the advancement of our understanding of soil from the earliest days of the scientific study of soils. Soil maps were desirable for purposes of land valuation for taxation, agronomic planning, and even in military operations. Soil mapping required classification syst...

A 11-m-long lake sediment core of a mountain lake situated at 1225 m a.s.l. in the Karkonosze Mountains (Poland) provided a unique, multi-proxy archive to reconstruct natural and human-induced environmental changes over the entire Holocene period. Pollen analyses allowed for the local and regional reconstruction of vegetation history. The chemical...

Soil with a clay-illuvial subsurface horizon are the most widespread soil type in Poland and significantly differ in morphology and properties developed under variable environmental conditions. Despite the long history of investigations, the rules of classification and cartography of clay-illuvial soils have been permanently discussed and modified....

The paper focuses on Glossic Planosols (formerly Albeluvisols) with sandy topsoil widely represented in the northeastern part of Lower Silesia (SW Poland), in the range of tills from the Odra and Warta glaciations (Riss glaciation). The aim of the study was to characterize the texture of these soils in the context of the origin of parent materials...

The study contains synthetic results of three years of research on a select group of energy crops. The results of field experiments led to the development of evapotranspiration models of 4 energy crops: giant miscanthus, basket willow, of Virginia mallow and Jerusalem artichoke.

More than 650 subsurface concave structures (1–20 m long, 0.5–7 m wide, and 0.1–0.9 m deep) were described in soils developed of clays overlain by loess in a large-scale archeological excavation in SW Poland. The structures are considered to be microlows and microhighs similar to those in gilgaied vertisols, which have never been reported in Centra...