Cesar L. Aguirre-Mancilla

• PhD
• Professor at Tecnológico Nacional de México. Instituto Tecnológico de Roque

El desarrollo del gametofito femenino de las angiospermas está controlado por múltiples factores, genéticos, hormonales, posicionales y epigenéticos. Las arabinogalactoproteínas son un grupo de proteínas que actúan tanto de manera estructural como en señalización durante el desarrollo, particularmente del saco embrionario. Durante 2018-2020 se anal...

Maize is a crop of great economic, social and cultural importance in many countries worldwide, especially in Mexico. The objective of this work was to use a multivariate index to select white grain maize hybrids through agronomic and physiological traits obtained in two environments. A factorial design (2 × 15) was used: two environments (E1 and E2...

The efficiency and consistency of biologicals in the field remain a drawback of current conventional products. The development of systemic biological products has opened a new avenue for microbiological and agricultural research. In this study, we evaluated over a two-year period (2022 and 2023) the functioning of two systemic products, a biofertil...

Hybridization as part of a maize breeding program for salinity tolerance can contribute to increasing the profitability of saline soils and mitigating the deleterious effects of salt stress on plants. The present study aimed to evaluate the physiological and grain yield performance of 42 F1 hybrids obtained from a diallelic design based on Griffing...

Se determinó la supervivencia y el peso de larvas de Tenebrio molitor alimentadas con dietas a base de salvado de trigo (ST), sémola (SMT), sorgo blanco (SB), avena (AV) y harina de trigo comercial (HTC). Se determinó la eficiencia de conversión alimentaria de las larvas durante ocho semanas, y al octavo instar, las larvas se sacrificaron para dete...

La estimación de parámetros genéticos en el mejoramiento del maíz reviste gran importancia después de aplicar selección, la cual permite al fitomejorador definir las estrategias de aprovechamiento de la variabilidad genotípica expresada. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estimar la aptitud combinatoria general (ACG) y específica (ACE) de ocho l...

La producción de cultivos de brasicáceas en México es afectada por el ataque de la palomilla dorso de diamante Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Una aplicación inadecuada de insecticidas afecta indirectamente al principal parasitoide de esta plaga, la avispa Diadegma insulare (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). El objetivo de e...

The phytosanitary problems and the complex floral biology influence the fruit quality and productivity of papaya. Use of grafting mitigates adverse aspects, becoming a complementary activity of crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic behaviour of grafted papaya plants. Two experiments were carried out. In the first experimen...

Legumes are nutrient-rich foods and are an important source of various types of proteins, including enzymes, trypsin inhibitors, and lectins, which are considered non-nutritional compounds (Sánchez-Men doza et al., 2016). Saponins have a complex structure with a hydrophobic steroid nucleus and a hydrophilic part composed of monosaccharide units. Th...

The physiological and biochemical response of two populations of millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) (Red and White) to six concentrations of NaCl in seed and seedling stage was evaluated. The seeds were treated with 0, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mM NaCl and percentage germination, vigor index were measured. In the seedling stage, the experimental units w...

Garambullo is a plant with little industrial application. However, garambullo contains betalains, photosensitive phytochemical compounds, which through microencapsulation can be used in chitosan–polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) films for application in tomato coatings. These biopackages were characterized by physical tests, water vapor permeability, punctu...

The production of lettuce has increased significantly due to the use of hydroponic systems that rely on substrates. Disposal and acquisition costs present problems, necessitating the identification of sustainable alternatives. The present study aimed to evaluate the use of Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) dry matter in a substrate for the form...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition of two chickpea varieties, ‘Costa 2004’ and ‘El Patrón’, and to characterize their proteins to determine their technological potential for the food industry. For this purpose, chickpea samples of both varieties from the 2019 harvest region of Guanajuato, Mexico, were obtained and...

Carbohydrates and proteins are the major components of corn grain. These macromolecules are mobilized from the leaves to grain in order to obtain a favorable yield. An important step in validation of maize hybrids is the metabolic performance that allows to increase grain quality. The present study intended to evaluate the metabolic performance of...

Germination is a process of high metabolic activity in plants that involves the use of storage components present in seeds for seedling development. Chemical induction is a process in which different types of compounds are used to promote the activation of secondary metabolic pathways. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect...

The mucilage from the cladodes of cactus pear (Opuntia spp.) is a hydrocolloid complex of carbohydrates with highly branched structures and high molecular weight, which serves to prevent structural contraction by facilitating the formation of a continuous matrix. The aim of the present work is to compare the chemical, thermal, morphological, and rh...

Rhus aromatica inhabits humid oak and oakpine forests in the State of Michoacán (Mexico). The fruit of R. aromatica is edible and is traditionally used in the preparation of soft drinks, ice pops, ice creams and ‘atole’. The objective of the present investigation was to carry out a physical and chemical characterization and analysis of the antioxid...

Garambullo (Myrtillocactus geometrizans) is a cactus whose fruits are rich in phytochemical compounds, including betalains, and is distributed in central Mexico. It has beneficial effects on the organism due to its bioactive compound content, which has shown hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic effects. However, because of its short shelf life, it...

Agroindustrial potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) waste mainly includes peel and pulp; however, potatoes of low industrial quality are also discarded by industry. A viable alternative to give added value to these byproducts is the use of these as seeds, as well as the use of starch. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological quality (g...

The piquin chili is a wild spice widely consumed from the South United States to Central America and stands out as a source of flavonoids, essential metabolites with antioxidant properties. The concentrations of flavonoids, carotenoids, and capsaicinoids vary according to regions, maturity stages, and ripening processes. These compounds, which are...

In Mexico, maize stands out for its economic, food and cultural importance. Since ancient times, attempts have been made to increase maize grain yields with different alternatives, including hybridization. Currently, maize hybridization offers great advantages since from the first simple hybrids it is possible to evaluate important variables such a...

The utilization of a novel (systemic) biofertilizer containing Pseudomonas fluorescens, Azospirillum brasilense, and Bacillus subtilis and possessing the technology to facilitate the entry of bacteria through the stomata, was evaluated at three localities in Mexico (Potrero Nuevo, Veracruz; Ameca, Jalisco; and Champotón, Campeche) in two sugarcane...

Maize breeding has evolved increasingly with the emergence of new scientific technologies, mainly hybridization. This technique allows new genetic combinations to be obtained in specific areas where some genotypes have desirable characteristics. By crossing them, hybrids with better morphological, physiological and agronomic performance are obtaine...

Results of several researches about the application of Si (as Na2SiO3) in agriculture indicate that it improves the agronomic crops performance, especially under stress conditions. The objective of this research was to evaluate Si effect on protein expression, phenolic content, antioxidant capacity of seed from plants subjected to stress due to dro...

En el Bajío el tizón de halo del frijol [(Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Psph)] causa severo daño a variedades de los tipos Azufrado y Cacahuate Bola. Para identificar genotipos resistentes se inocularon diversos materiales de frijol con dos aislados, razas 2 y 6. Asimismo, se registraron lecturas de la reacción a la infección natural por P...

Soil salinity is one of the most important factors reducing agricultural productivity worldwide. Halophilic plant growth-promoting bacteria (H-PGPB) represent an alternative method of alleviating saline stress in crops of agricultural interest. In this study, the following halophilic bacteria were evaluated: Bacillus sp. SVHM1.1, Halomonas sp. SVCN...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the physicoche-mical, morphological, structural, and thermal properties of starch recovered from Solanum tuberosum residual of chips industry in Mexico using advanced instrumental techniques. The residual potato was collected from a chips production company and the starch obtained by aqueous extraction. T...

The efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi in the field depends on the influence of various environmental factors, including temperature and level of exposure to UV light. It is hypothesized that temperature and level of UV light exposure of Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales, Clavicipiceae) may affect its efficiency in controlling the sweetpotato wee...

Soil salinity is a condition that limits crop growth and productivity, and soil-dwelling bacteria from halophytic plant roots may be a viable strategy to cope with low productivity due to salt stress. Halophilic and halotolerant bacteria of the root soil of Sesuvium verrucosum were analyzed in this study as there is little evidence regarding its as...

We present the purification and characterization of the two most abundant isoforms of lectins isolated from Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) seeds, which have been shown to differentially affect the survival of different cancer cells. They were separated by concanavalin A-affinity chromatography. After purification, to release the N-glycans, the...

Physical mutagenesis with 60Co is a technique used in plant breeding to induce desired phenotypic characteristics. This research objective was to evaluate physical and physiological quality and protein content of jalapeño pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seeds from plants that were selected as tolerant to water stress, these plants were derived from see...

Infusions of soursop or graviola (Annona muricata L.) leaves have been used as alternative medicine for their phytochemical composition, pharmacological and cytotoxic activity that are related with antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Infusions of soursop leaves were obtained at 5, 10, and 15 min in samples collected from the Chia...

Las tendencias actuales de practicar la agricultura apuntan hacia el uso de microorganismos para incidir en la sanidad, producción y calidad de las cosechas; estudios previos en agave han logrado el aislamiento de diferentes microorganismos, pero la identificación de bacterias endófitas es un área que se ha abordado poco a pesar de su importancia e...

In seed technology, the use of biocompatible materials, such as chitosan, has been demonstrated to improve the germination process and establishment of seedlings. This research is focused on the effect of a chitosan coating on the germination and development of sesame and bean plantlets. The seeds were treated with different coating techniques and...

In recent years, benefits of silicon in plants grown under stress conditions have been reported. The objective of the research was to evaluate the response at a physiological and biochemical level of millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) to fertilization with Si under controlled stress conditions during vegetative stage, drought, salinity and the control (...

Es un cultivo anual de ambientes templados y semicálidos con suelos arcillosos y arenosos. Existen poblaciones silvestres en México que en tiempos precolombinos permitieron seleccionar plantas con fruto más grande que no dispersara la semilla. Las variedades domesticadas, comparadas con las silvestres, tienen semillas de mayor tamaño, inflorescenci...

Introducción. El lirio acuático (Eichhornia crassipes) es una planta hidrófita libre flotante de la familia Pontederiaceae. Es una de las plantas acuáticas con mejor reproducción y tasa de crecimiento, por lo cual se extiende y forma tapetes o esteras que constriñen a las plantas nativas sumergidas y flotantes, disminuye la entrada de luz en los cu...

The Trichoderma harzianum fungus is one of the most widely used biological control agents in agriculture. A new T. harzianum THITR01 strain was isolated and their spores were mutagenized with ethyl methane sulfonate obtaining 174 mutants. M7, M14, M21 and M24 are mutant strains that showed 97.4%-100% antagonist effect against Sclerotium rolfsii, Rh...

Tomatoes are an important dietary source of lycopene, a natural antioxidant compound that contributes to reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, the lack of a food matrix can result in their rapid degradation during storage. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the physicochemical, antioxidant, and stability properties of lycope...

Chitosan is a biopolymer obtained from deacetylation of chitin; it has multiple applications in agriculture as an antifungal, soil conditioner, inducer of defense mechanisms, fruits postharvest coating, leaves and seeds, among others. The objective in this research was to evaluate the effect of chitosan coatings mixed with fungicide (dithiocarbamat...

La variedad Drymifolia de aguacate (Persea americana Mill.) es usada generalmente como portainjerto por lo que es importante implementar las técnicas de embriogénesis somática y la organogénesis in vitro para su mejora genética, conservación y propagación clonal. En este trabajo se evaluaron embriogénesis somática directa, indirecta y organogénesis...

In semiarid regions of Mexico, it is common to use the floristic richness of wild plants as food ingredients. Hence, flowers of Agave salmiana, Aloe vera, Erythrina americana, and Myrtillocactus geometrizans, which are typical and traditionally consumed flowers, were analyzed. The physicochemical properties; proximate composition; the contents of m...

Plant biodiversity provides a natural source of several compounds with biological activity, such as antioxidant and antifungal properties; such effects are related with the concentrations of phenols and flavonoids and different organs of the plants. In this research, aqueous (W) and 70% ethanol (Et70) extracts from flowers (F), leaves (L), stems (S...

The soil microbial communities involved in the biogeochemical cycles of plant nutrients are negatively affected by unfavorable agricultural practices. In three tillage systems (traditional tillage, TT; traditional tillage with residue incorporation, TTI; and conservation tillage, CT) with three crop rotations (cereal-cereal, C-C; legume-cereal, L-C...

Resumen La condición sódico-salino en el suelo delinea una situación de emergencia en la agricultura, debido a sus efectos negativos, que incide directamente en el desarrollo y rendimiento de los cultivos. En este contexto, el uso de silicio (Si) en la nutrición de las plantas ha despertado interés en los últimos años. La mayoría de los resultados...

Chia is a very valuable resource since it is the main source of unsaturated fatty acids, mainly α-linolenic, in addition to protein and fiber. In this investigation, seven collections were made in seven locations for study and comparison. Seed size were measured, thousand seed weight, volumetric weight, color, germination percentage and oil extract...

Yellow rust (YR) or stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striformis f. sp tritici Eriks (Pst), is a major challenge to resistance breeding in wheat. A genome wide association study (GWAS) was performed using 22,415 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and 591 haplotypes to identify genomic regions associated with resistance to YR in a subset pan...

Mexico conserves a great diversity of wild relatives of cultivated plants; for example, different Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae and Caricaceae species families. In the latter, the Carica and Jacaratia genus are the most notable for the similarity of the fruits, but still poorly studied. These populations develop under edapho-climatic and phytosanitary...

Grafting Carica papaya plants can have several benefits for productive, phytosanitary, and sexing purposes. However, the literature on the subject of papaya grafting is limited. The tongue approach and cleft grafting techniques seem to be the most adequate for C. papaya , but the quality of grafts depends on several factors. With the objective of d...

Efectos fisiológicos del estrés hídrico en variedades de frijol tolerantes a la sequía Physiologycal effects of water stress in cultivars of bean tolerant to drought Resumen El entendimiento de la respuesta fisiológica al estrés hídrico resulta un factor clave para identificar variedades tolerantes en cultivos agrícola como el frijol. El presente e...

The antioxidant and antifungal activity of n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of stems and roots of Jatropha dioica var. dioica, a plant species from the semi-arid regions of Hidalgo, Mexico, were evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) free-radical scavenging capacity assays and by...

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of oily tomato extract (OTE) at concentrations of 0, 1, 3 and 5% on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of gelatin-based films. Characterization of the extract showed lycopene and β-carotene concentrations of 159.15 and 20.38 μg/mL, respectively. The results showed that the addition of OTE...

El entendimiento de la respuesta fisiológica al estrés hídrico resulta un factor clave para identificar variedades tolerantes en cultivos agrícola como el frijol. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar los caracteres diferenciales en la respuesta fisiológica a la sequía entre variedades de frijol contrastantes en su tolerancia al estrés...

La roya de la hoja, ocasionada por el hongo Puccinia triticina, es una enfermedad común en trigo (Triticum aestivum) que causa pérdidas económicas significativas. Actualmente se cuenta con variedades que presentan resistencia a razas específicas del hongo; sin embargo, el patógeno frecuentemente vence la resistencia en corto tiempo. Una estrategia...

The Myrtillocactus geometrizans (Mart. ex. Pfeiff.) fruit, locally called garambullo, is an important source of bioactive compounds, mainly betalains, polyphenols, and ascorbic acid. However, information on the application of post-harvest technologies that prolong the shelf life of the fruits is still insufficient. The objective of the present rese...

The adult plant resistance conferred by genes with an additive effect is an alternative to achieve durable resistance to leaf rust caused by the fungus Puccinia triticina in wheat (Triticum spp.) The objective of this study was to know the response to this disease in bread wheat genotypes that possess the partial resistance genes Lr34, Lr46, Lr67 a...

The water-use efficiency (WUE) has been proposed as an alternative to mitigate the effects of climate change in agriculture and to reduce pressure on water resources, mainly in species with high water requirements which are grown under rainfed conditions. The aim of this study was to characterize the instantaneous, integral and molecular WUE of fou...

Fresh foods with functional properties such as their antioxidant content are in increasing demand for their benefits to human health. The agronomic management of specific conditions as water stress could permit to obtain fresh foods with a high antioxidant content based on the plants response. In this project, the kinetics of the physiological and...

Las semillas son un elemento indispensable en la producción agrícola y representan uno de los medios para mejorar el rendimiento en los cultivos y la fertilización es indispensable para la producción de semillas de alta calidad. En el presente trabajo se evaluó la calidad de la semilla de trigo cuando el fertilizante-N se fracciona en diferentes po...

El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar dos técnicas de emasculación para la obtención de semilla híbrida de chile. Se utilizaron dos genotipos de chile Jalapeño: Euforia e Invicto y dos genotipos de chile Bell: Canon y Dársena. Para la emasculación química se usaron soluciones de etanol. Con etanol al 47.5% (v/v) durante 10 s en los genotipos de...

Leaf rust, caused by the fungus Puccinia triticina, is a common disease in the wheat (Triticum aestivum) crop that generate significant economic losses. Currently, there are cultivars that show resistance to specific races of the fungus; however, the pathogen often breaks the resistance in a short time. An alternative strategy is the accumulation o...

La semilla de melón chino se ha usado de manera tradicional para elaborar horchata; sin embargo, se ha perdido la costumbre de consumirla. A fin de ampliar el conocimiento sobre este recurso vegetal se extrajeron las proteínas de reserva solubles de la semilla. El contenido total de proteína fue de 27.34% para el melón chino y de 24.9% para el meló...

En la presente investigación se osmoacondicionaron semillas de dos razas de maíz, con PEG o con nitrato de potasio más ácido giberélico, para estimar su efecto en las variables: germinación, peso y longitud de radícula y plántula, acidez titulable y patrón electroforético de proteínas; se les sometió a remojo (hipoxia, “soak test”) y se cuantifico...

El osmoacondicionamiento es usado para mejorar la germinación y el comportamiento de plántula en campo. Se usan diferentes sustancias, como ácido giberélico, nitrato de potasio y polietilenglicol (PEG). Los cambios que ocurren en la semilla osmoacondicionada, que le permiten responder mejor durante el proceso de la germinación y el establecimiento...

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la lisina, triptófano, proteína y rendimiento de forraje verde en maíz QPM y criollo. El trabajo se realizó en el CINVESTAV e Instituto Tecnológico de Roque, Celaya, México, en el año 2014. Se evaluaron dos genotipos de maíz, uno de alto contenido de proteína (QPM) y otro normal. La producción...

El cultivo de embriones inmaduros de maíz, es una alternativa para acelerar un programa de mejoramiento genético de importancia agrícola.

Artículo de revisión RESUMEN Entre los insectos existe una gran variedad de especies y muchas de ellas tienen la capacidad de interaccionar con el mundo vegetal. Este tipo de interacciones van desde aquellas de carácter mutualista hasta las antagónicas. El tipo de interacciones planta-insecto puede deberse en gran medida a la adaptación que tenga e...

Eighty S1 maize (Zea mays L.) lines derived from halfsib families with good yield potential (greater than landraces in the region) were evaluated, with the purpose of selecting outstanding lines. Native populations are a source of germplasm for genetic improvement through selection and hybridization. Analysis of variance showed highly significant d...

Globally, drought is the main factor that reduces common bean yield. For this reason, breeding alternatives such as molecular marker-assisted selection have been implemented that focus on various functional genes directly involved in the response to water stress, such as those encoding the late embryogenesis abundant (LEA), early response to dehydr...

Globally, drought is the main factor that reduces common bean yield. For this reason, breeding alternatives, such as molecular marker-assisted selection, that focus on various functional genes directly involved in the response to water stress, such as those encoding late embryogenesis abundant (LEA), early response to dehydration (ERD), and dehydri...

This work provides an overview of proteolytic activity in the intestine of Moneilema armatum (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) adults and inhibition of such enzymes by proteins obtained from the cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica. Active intestinal proteases were detected at a neutral and slightly alkaline pH through zymography and spectrophotometric assays...

A enxertia de Cucurbita maxima x Cucurbita moschata tem sido usada para prevenir problemas com Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum na produção de melancia embora não seja efetivo contra ataque de nematóides. Em razão de seu vigor, plantas enxertadas podem ser plantadas em densidade mais baixa do que as plantas não enxertadas. A tolerância a Fusarium o...

The aim of this study was to compare two techniques of emasculation for obtaining hybrid seed of pepper. We used two kinds of peppers: Euforia and Invicto and two genotypes of pepper Bell: Canon and Dársena. For the chemical emasculation ethanol solutions were used. With 47.5% ethanol (v/v) for 10 s in genotypes of pepper, damaged in intermediate g...

A recent proposal to mitigate the effects of climatic change and reduce water consumption in agriculture is to develop cultivars with high water-use efficiency. The aims of this study were to characterize this trait as a differential response mechanism to water-limitation in two bean cultivars contrasting in their water stress tolerance, to isolate...

The objective of this work was to characterize, at the biochemical level, two Mexican native landraces Bayo Berrendo and Patzcuareño of common bean. Storage protein from seeds was extracted from two common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) varieties (Bayo Berrendo and Patzcuareño), and their respective electrophoretic patterns were compared.

A recent proposal to mitigate the effects of climatic change and reduce water consumption in agriculture is to develop cultivars with high water-use efficiency. The aims of this study were to characterize this trait as a differential response mechanism to water-limitation in two bean cultivars contrasting in their water stress tolerance, to isolate...

Se ha propuesto el uso eficiente del agua (UEA) como un componente de la tolerancia a sequía para mitigar los efectos del cambio climático y reducir el consumo de agua en la agricultura. Sin embargo, aún se desconocen los mecanismos por los cuales éste carácter tiene un efecto trascendente en las plantas. El objetivo del trabajo fue comparar las re...