Cengiz Kahraman

Istanbul Technical University · Department of Industrial Engineering

Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets with Ordered Pairs (IFSOP) are the recent extension of intuitionistic fuzzy sets by incorporating functional and dysfunctional points of view into the definition of membership functions. This paper extends the Technique of Order Preference Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method to the Intuitionistic Fuzzy TOPSIS...

Picture fuzzy (PF) sets show the expert’s opinion about an element’s membership or non-membership in the set, as well as the expert’s indeci- sion about the element’s membership in the set. Interval-valued PF sets (IVPFSs) offer more flexibility than single-valued PF sets in assigning the mentioned degrees. Picture fuzzy multi-criteria decision mak...

A family of fuzzy multi-criteria sorting models, FTOPSIS-Sort, as a fuzzy extension of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) ordinary method TOPSIS, is introduced and analyzed. Models from this family differ by approaches to determining functions of fuzzy numbers (approximate computations, standard fuzzy arithmetic, and transformation method) and...

Introduced by Zadeh (1965), ordinary fuzzy sets theory (OFS) has been widely used in many fields to handle uncertainty. Zadeh represented ordinary fuzzy sets with singletons with some elements whose degrees of membership of each element to the set is defined as [0,1] and non-membership of the elements represented by the complement of the membership...

Spherical fuzzy sets (SFS) are recent extension of ordinary fuzzy sets, which are composed of three parameters whose squared sum is at most one. SFS are defined by discrete values of these three parameters and provide a larger assignment volume than picture fuzzy sets. We propose a non-linear continuous membership, non-membership, and/or hesitancy...

Effective results in business analysis projects depend on the prioritization of requirements. The literature provides several techniques for the prioritization process, it can be challenging due to the involvement of various stakeholders and conflicting criteria. To address this, multi-criteria decision making methods can be used to empower the pro...

Z fuzzy numbers are given by a restriction function and a reliability function to better define an ordinary fuzzy number. In this paper we propose LR fuzzy numbers in the definition of z-fuzzy numbers. Besides, the new extensions of ordinary fuzzy sets are used in the development of LR-type Z fuzzy numbers such as intuitionistic fuzzy LR type Z-num...

In this study, picture fuzzy sets are expanded using Z-fuzzy numbers that can model reliability information in addition to the restrictive judgments of experts. Then, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, which is one of the most commonly used multi-criteria decision making methods, is extended to the Picture Fuzzy Z-AHP method to create a m...

The earthquake supply chain management is crucial for minimizing causalities and increasing the effectiveness of relief logistics systems. It requires effective and efficient actions to maintain the support and restoration efforts. Under these conditions, the capacity to make knowledgeable decisions becomes essential to minimize the harmful consequ...

The need to sort alternatives according to ordered categories , especially in problems consisting of a large number of alternatives , makes it effective to use of multi-criteria sorting methods. A family of fuzzy multi-criteria sorting models FMAVT-Sort and FTOPSIS-Sort based on a fuzzy extension of MAVT and TOPSIS methods respectively and the thei...

Decomposed fuzzy sets are the resent extension of intuitionistic fuzzy sets by incorporating functional and dysfunctional points of views to the definition of membership functions. This paper extends the Technique of Order Preference Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method to the Decomposed Fuzzy TOPSIS (DF TOPSIS) method and applies it to...

Replacement analysis is based on the principle that it may be more economical to retirement of an equipment earlier than its physical life. This replacement time, called the economic life, is usually calculated by annual cash flow analysis. These calculations made with deterministic estimations in classical analyzes are not realistic because they d...

Modelling the reliability information in decision making process is an important issue to inclusively reflect the thoughts of decision makers. The Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) are frequently used MCDM methods, yet their fuzzy extensions in the literature are incapable of representing...

Bio-inspired computing whose examples can be found in artificial intelligence is a research method for solving problems using computer models based on the principles of biology and nature. Applications of bio-inspired computing involve genetic algorithms, neural networks, artificial immune systems, sensory networks, and others. These applications s...

Investment analysis is the process of choosing the most appropriate investment alternative that creates the highest profitability with minimal risk. Therefore, many analytic techniques have been proposed to the literature to minimize investment risks and maximize profits. Most of these methods are extended to fuzzy set theory and its extensions to...

Machines can model and improve the human minds capabilities through artificial intelligence. One of the most popular tools of artificial intelligence is fuzzy sets, which can capture and model the vagueness and impreciseness in human thoughts. This paper, first of all, introduces the recent extensions of ordinary fuzzy sets and then presents a lite...

The digitalization of the traditional technologies have facilitated humans globally as these technologies are not only time saving, modern, environment friendly but are economic as well. This study is concerned with the digitalization of the public transportation system in Istanbul to reduce the environmental pollution that is a big cause of differ...

A rough set approximates a subset of a universal set on the basis of some binary relation and is significant for the reduction of attributes of an information system. On the other hand, a Pythagorean fuzzy set provides information about the extent of truthness and falsity of a statement. Both these theories deal with different forms of uncertainty...

Risk adjusted interest rate (RADR) method and certainty equivalent (CE) method are the two popular methods used under risky conditions in the investment analysis. However, it should not be forgotten that there may be a vagueness in the estimation of risk factors. In this study, novel RADR and CE methods are extended for use under uncertainty by usi...

The striking theory of ELECTRE III approach, being a marvelous strategy to deal with pseudo criterion, prevails over the traditional variants of ELECTRE method and other decision-making approaches for veracious decision-making. The noticeable efficiency and broader space of complex Pythagorean fuzzy model make it more significant and dominant for m...

This study mainly aims to develop two effective and practical multi-criteria group decision-making approaches by taking advantage of the ground-breaking theory of PROMETHEE family of outranking methods. The presented variants of Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) method are acknowledged to address the compl...

Digital transformation (DT) is the integration of digital technology by transforming all manual and semi-manual processes of business into full digital processes. In this chapter we review the DT status of the business sectors automotive, energy, smart manufacturing, white goods, health, banking, tourism, insurance, education, smart cities, and tra...

Digital transformation is a concept that defines the process of finding solutions to social and sectoral needs with the integration of digital technologies, and accordingly the development and change of workflows and culture. Digital transformation includes many concepts such as virtual reality, augmented reality, drones, 3D printing, cloud, big da...

The automotive industry is one of the industries that adapts the fastest to digital transformation (DT) in the world because of its standard production process and mass production. It is the sector that needs digitalization the most in order to gain a competitive advantage and increase its production quality. This chapter focuses on the DT in autom...

When a decision maker is not sure in assigning a value for a pairwise comparison, he/she should assign a fuzzy value such as ‘between 3 and 4’ or ‘around 5’. These expressions can be represented by fuzzy numbers, which make the use of fuzzy AHP methods possible. Each new fuzzy set extension has caused new fuzzy AHP method to be developed by researc...

Digital transformation necessitates fundamental changes in business processes, business models, and even cultures of the companies. DT projects provide a substantial value to the business competition and effect their market shares. In order to reach these results, digital transformation projects should be carefully analyzed and evaluated. In this p...

Third party logistics (3PL) supplier selection problem is a multi-criteria selection problem that is frequently discussed in the literature. Medicine is a fundamental element for human health and drug transportation must be carried out on time and under conditions that will ensure that the drug does not lose its physical properties. Therefore, the...

This book offers a comprehensive reference guide for the theory and practice of intelligent and fuzzy techniques in Aviation 4.0. It provides readers with the necessary intelligent and fuzzy tools for Aviation 4.0 when incomplete, vague, and imprecise information or insufficient data exist in hand, where classical modeling approaches cannot be appl...

Picture fuzzy sets (PFSs) are one of the most promising extensions of ordinary fuzzy sets with three parameters, namely positive membership, neutral membership, and negative membership, for defining the membership status of an element to a set. CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) & REGIME methods are recently developed mu...

Energy system investments and policies have a significant role in maintaining sustainable development. The ability to forecast energy demands, energy obtained from renewable resources and their impacts on the environment and society is extremely important for an effective energy planning and policy making. However, it is a complicated issue requiri...

Innovations in technology emerged with digitalization affect all sectors, including supply chain and logistics. The term “digital supply chain” has arisen as a relatively new concept in the manufacturing and service sectors. Organizations planning to utilize the benefits of digitalization, especially in the supply chain area, have uncertainties on...

In this paper, the idea of maximum intuitionistic internally stable vertex subset of graph with fuzzy intuitionistic stability degree is considered. The notion of an internally stable set is introduced as some invariant of an intuitionistic fuzzy graph. Here an intuitionistic fuzzy graph is considered as a pair consisting of a crisp set of vertices...

Cloud Service Provider selection is a multi-criteria decision making problem involving many criteria, which some of them may be conflicting. Alternatives under these criteria are generally assessed by using linguistic terms such as very high, excellent and absolutely low, which includes vagueness and impreciseness. In this paper, the uncertainties...

Global warming is disturbing both the environment and quality of life. A cause of global warming is greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions which are caused by using fossil fuels for transportation and power generation. As a novel source of energy, the world is moving towards renewable and clean energy. In the transportation sector, usage of electric vehicl...

The Internet of Things (IoT) platform selection is one of the important steps that leads to digital transformation. The companies should consider multiple factors such as return of investment, the flexibility to change the IoT platform, the future performance, sustainability of the platform, the maturity level of IoT platform, security of the IT pl...

Z-numbers are expressed by a restriction function and a reliability function. In the literature, Z-numbers have been extended by intuitionistic fuzzy sets but not by other fuzzy sets. This paper extends Z-numbers by using single valued spherical fuzzy sets. Later, spherical fuzzy Z-numbers are used in the development of Z fuzzy AHP methods. These m...

Abstract. Assigning alternatives to predefined ordered categories under multicriteria conditions is the essence of multi-criteria sorting problematic. The family of fuzzy multi-criteria sorting models with the common name FTOPSIS-Sort are introduced based on the fuzzy extension of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) ordinary method TOPSIS with...

The Internet of Things (IoT) platform selection is one of the important steps that leads to digital transformation. The companies should consider multiple factors such as return of investment, the flexibility to change the IoT platform, the future performance, sustainability of the platform, the maturity level of IoT platform, security of the IT pl...

With the increasing sustainability concerns, energy production from waste has also come to the fore as well as recycling and reuse. Since there are various materials processed by waste to energy (WtE) plants and several types of equipment used in different processes, there are different sources of risks in these plants. It is important to determine...

Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods used in solving real-life problems are very useful tools as they allow the evaluation of many qualitative and quantitative factors simultaneously. An increasing number of new methods and approaches are being introduced into the literature to overcome different MCDM problems with many proportional and co...

Clustering structures are one of the most important aspects of complex networks. Minimum spanning tree (MST), the tree that connects all vertices with minimum total weight, can be considered as a fundamental unit of original weighted graphs. There are different types of algorithms that identify clusters in a network, but the existing theories and a...

Present worth (PW) analysis is an important technique in engineering economics for investment analysis. The values of PW analysis parameters such as interest rate, first cost, salvage value and annual cash flow are generally estimated including some degree of uncertainty. In order to capture the vagueness in these parameters, fuzzy sets are often u...

Risk assessment takes place depending on the expertise and subjective linguistic assessments of experts. Expert judgements are collected via a questionnaire or an interview including qualitative data. Pessimistic or optimistic status of experts can affect their perceptions on risk. Furthermore, expert judgments are affected by questions’ structure...

Software selection process for many organizations is a challenging task to conduct their business activities and sustain competitiveness. This paper develops a new hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method to select the most efficient vendor-supplied software package which is used in all business activities for planning or designing, orga...

This study exploits the tremendous theory of ELimination and Choice Expressing REality (ELECTRE) method to enhance the number of outranking approaches for the ground-breaking and recent extension of fuzzy set theory, namely, complex spherical fuzzy set. The noticeable edge of this striking model is its wider and flexible structure that empowers it...

In Quality function deployment (QFD) approach, customers tend to express their needs in linguistic terms rather than exact numerical values and these needs generally contain vague and imprecise information. To overcome this challenge and to use the method more effectively for complex customer-oriented design problems, this paper introduces a novel...

With the increasing product variety, companies aim to become better than their competitors by providing a superior product developed with a customer–oriented product design approach and a quality strategy. In order to achieve this, companies should well understand customer expectations and quickly be able to convert these expectations to technical...

Most countries intending to replace traditional energy sources with renewable energy sources have started to make major investments in this field. Since renewable energy is a sector requiring large amount of investment costs, evaluation of investment risks are extremely important to make the best investment decisions. However, as risk assessment is...

INFUS 2022 International Conference July 19-21, 2022 Izmir Turkey

International Conference on Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems 2022 July 19-21, 2022 Izmir Turkey

Aviation 4.0 is related to the design of cyber-physical systems which can support humans by aviation information systems and by helping them to make decisions and to complete tasks autonomously. Within aviation 4.0 context, robotics, augmented reality, radio frequency identification, and internet of things are some components of fundamental concept...

The concept of Industry 4.0 arose in Germany in 2011 and spread to other countries. Industry 4.0 refers to a strategic step that was introduced by the German government seeking ways to change industrial manufacturing through digitalization and the development of new technologies. It introduced the world with new technologies such as cybersecurity,...

When linguistic evaluations are used in the decision matrix instead of exact numerical values, fuzzy set theory can capture the vagueness in the linguistic evaluations. Ordinary fuzzy sets have been extended to many new types of fuzzy sets such as intuitionistic fuzzy sets, neutrosophic sets, and picture fuzzy sets. Spherical fuzzy sets is an exten...

EXtension of the PROMethee (EXPROM) methods were first introduced in 1991. These methods try to find a solution for ranking the alternatives more accurately using the available information. EXPROM-I method performs a partial ranking of alternatives whereas EXPROM-II does a full ranking of the alternatives. Vague and imprecise data of multi-criteria...

The use of renewable energy, which is more encouraged together with increasing sustainability and environmental concerns, highlighted the issue of energy technology transformation. Social acceptance is a highly significant component of renewable energy technology implementation since it can affect the time and effort required to implement a policy...

This book presents recent research in intelligent and fuzzy techniques. Emerging conditions such as pandemic, wars, natural disasters and various high technologies force people for significant changes in business and social life. The adoption of digital technologies to transform services or businesses, through replacing non-digital or manual proces...

VIKOR method being one of the frequently used Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods, is based on the distances of alternatives to positive and negative ideal solutions, and presents compromising solutions. AHP is another MCDM method dividing the big problem into small and manageable problems through pairwise comparisons of criteria and alte...

With the coronavirus that emerged suddenly and affected the masses, it became clear how unprepared we were for the pandemic situation both individually and at the state level. Over the past period, many different transmission prevention strategies have been implemented in different countries, and their results have been observed. Unfortunately, a c...

Entropy Weight Method (EWM) aims at weighting the criteria by measuring value dispersion. The greater dispersion and greater degree of differentiation mean more information in this method. Humans generally prefer linguistic assessments in multi criteria decision-making, which involves some degree of uncertainty. This uncertainty is handled by inter...

The REGIME method is an easy to understand techniques which is based on pairwise comparisons and which can use qualitative data for decision making problems. The steps of the technique are simple and can be easily adopted to complex decision problems. Classical REGIME techniques use crisp numbers to evaluate qualitative evaluations. In this paper w...

Spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) have recently become more popular in various fields. It was proposed as a generalization of picture fuzzy sets and Pythagorean fuzzy sets in order to deal with uncertainty and fuzziness information. The similarity measure is one of the beneficial tools to determine the degree of similarity between objects. It has many cr...

Symmetry Journal Special Issue

INFUS 2021 Conference

The Journal of Risk Analysis and Crisis Response aims to promote the development of science and technology in the field of risk analysis and crisis response, to provide a forum for sharing theory and applications in this field, and for exchanging research findings and case studies. The journal will stimulate intellectual debate on risk and crisis,...

The recently developed three-dimensional spherical fuzzy sets are an extension of the ordinary fuzzy sets, which are effective in handling uncertainty and quantifying expert judgments. The similarity measure is one of the beneficial tools to define the degree of similarity between two objects. It has many vital implementations such as medical diagn...

VIKOR method is used to solve a variety of MCDM problems in-cluding a variety of criteria that can be conflicting and noncommensurable. This method is based on the distances of alternatives to positive and negative ideal solutions, and provides compromising solutions. Decision makers generally prefer to evaluate the alternatives with respect to the...

Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems: Emerging Conditions and Digital Transformation Emerging conditions such as pandemic, wars, natural disasters and various high technologies force us for significant changes in our business and social life. Pandemic caused all of us to live under quarantine for a certain period of time and serious restrictions in our bu...

The strategy of the milk-run vehicle routing problem (VRP) is to design networks for material flow among the points in the supply chain while minimizing the total cost and the number of vehicles used. In addition to the theoretical VRP model, products may need to be delivered at specific time intervals and these restrictions affect the cost and the...

With the adoption of new generation technologies, developments in quality management, which is an integral part of Industry 4.0, are increasing rapidly. The digitalization process in quality management provides significant advantages for enterprises with both an increase in performance and a reduction in costs. Digital quality management, which inc...

The REGIME method, initially introduced by Hinloopen et al. [1, 2] is based on paired comparison methods which are easy to understand and uses qualitative data only in a mathematically justifiable way. The computational steps of the method are simple and can be easily apply to various complex problems. Classical REGIME techniques uses crisp numbers...

Consistency studies are an important step in making correct evaluations in the decision-making process. Consistency is a measure value that reflects whether pairwise comparison operations are done correctly. Evaluation tools used by decision makers in pairwise comparison evaluations are of great importance in achieving consistency. Crisp scales res...

Process capability analysis (PCA) is a tool for measuring a process’s ability to meet specification limits (SLs), which the customers define. Process capability indices (PCIs) are used for establishing a relationship between SLs and the considered process’s ability to meet these limits as an index. PCA compares the output of a process with the SLs...

A circular intuitionistic fuzzy set (CIFS) recently introduced by Atanassov as a new extension of intuitionistic fuzzy sets is represented by a circle whose radius is r and whose center is composed of membership and non-membership degrees. The idea is similar to type-2 fuzzy sets, which are based on the fuzziness of membership functions with a thir...

Software selection process for many organizations is a challenging task to conduct their business activities and sustain competitiveness. This paper develops a new hybrid multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method to select the most effiecient vendor-supplied software package which is used in all business activities for planning or designing, org...

Both national and international encouragements for research and development (R&D) projects have been growing worldwide. Since R&D projects includes various uncertainties related to time, technology, finance, and knowledge, risk management studies are highly significant for the success of these projects. In risk management, all of the potential acti...

Milk-run is a delivery method allowing to move small quantities of a large number of different items with predictable lead times from various suppliers to a customer. The main goal is to minimize the transportation cost by minimizing the travel distance and by maximizing vehicle capacities. The effects of uncertainties in arrival times of vehicles...

Autonomous vehicles are one of the emergent advances of the new technology era that has the prospective to redesign transportation structures. Understanding and measuring the limitations of adopting autonomous vehicles and selecting the best autonomous vehicle based on different aspects is crucial for enhancing the adoption process. Defining the cr...

Linguistic terms are quite suitable to make evaluations in multiple criteria decision making problems since humans prefer them rather than sharp evaluations. When linguistic evaluations are used in the decision matrix instead of exact numerical values, fuzzy set theory can capture the vagueness in the linguistic evaluations. Ordinary fuzzy sets hav...

This research article is devoted to present a decision-making approach pertaining the excellent tendencies of traditional TOPSIS method under the broader environment of complex spherical fuzzy sets (CSFSs). TOPSIS method is regarded as one of the authentic decision-making strategies that follows the scheme to point out the alternative acquiring fav...

Companies started to determine their strategies based on intelligent data analysis due to stagey enhance data production. Literature reviews show that the number of resources where demand estimation, location analysis, and decision-making technique applied together with the machine learning method is low in all sectors and almost none in the shoppi...

Effective energy management has become more prominent with the population growth and increasing industrialization. In order to provide an effective planning, it is important to use all kinds of renewable energy sources efficiently. The main renewable energy sources are solar, geothermal, biomass, hydropower and wind. Agricultural, forest, animal an...

The membership function of a general type-2 fuzzy set is three-dimensional in order to incorporate its vagueness through the third dimension. Similarly, Circular intuitionistic fuzzy sets (CIFSs) have been recently introduced by Atanassov (2020) as a new extension of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, which are represented by a circle representing the vagu...

The COVID-19 outbreak, which emerged in China and continues to spread rapidly all over the world, has brought with it increasing numbers of cases and deaths. Governments have suffered serious damage and losses not only in the field of health but also in many other fields. This has directed governments to adopt and implement various strategies in th...

Hesitant Pythagorean fuzzy sets have remarkable theoretical and practical features, which derive from their role as a generalization of Pythagorean fuzzy sets that embeds the benefits of hesitation. Their advantages motivate us to extend existing decision-making methods to the case where data and information are in the form of several values. We pr...

Modeling human thoughts is pretty hard because of the difficulty of representation them by 0-1 logic. Artificial intelligence techniques such as neural networks, soft computing, machine learning, etc. are used for analyzing and modeling complicated problems. It can be easily seen that artificial intelligence techniques in engineering applications a...

Humanoid robot is a research area in robotics. Humanoid robots are shaped in order to resemble human shape. These robots are used for different purposes in different industries such as health, space, education and manufacturing. In this chapter, we try to summarize the present status of humanoid robots in the world.

Metaheuristics are designed to find, generate, or select a heuristic that can provide a sufficiently good solution to a complex optimization problem, especially with incomplete, imperfect, vague and imprecise information. Fuzzy set theory is an excellent tool to capture this kind of information. Metaheuristics can be used as important building bloc...