Cédric Bertrand

Université de Perpignan & SAS AkiNaO

Commercial solutions of pesticides consist of two main components: The active substance and the formulation ingredients. These ingredients, mainly composed of polymeric surfactants, are considered inert vis-à-vis the targeted organisms and nature. Nonetheless, a relatively low attention is given to their analysis and fate tracking in the environmen...

Supporting Information for the following article: Ghosson, H.; Raviglione, D.; Salvia, M.-V.; Bertrand, C. Characteristic response of formulation ingredients revealed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry-based untargeted screening of pesticides in soil. Journal of Mass Spectrometr...

Supporting Information for the following article: Ghosson, H.; Raviglione, D.; Salvia, M.-V.; Bertrand, C. Characteristic response of formulation ingredients revealed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry-based untargeted screening of pesticides in soil. Journal of Mass Spectrometr...

Preservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services is critical for sustainable development and human well-being. However, an unprecedented erosion of biodiversity is observed and the use of plant protection products (PPP) has been identified as one of its main causes. In this context, at the request of the French Ministries responsible for the Env...

Miconia calvescens is a dominant invasive alien tree species that threatens several endemic plants in French Polynesia (South Pacific). While most analyses have been performed at the scale of plant communities, the effects on the rhizosphere have not been described so far. However, this compartment can be involved in plant fitness through inhibitor...

Background Olive (Olea europaea L.) and carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.), which contain considerable amounts of phenolic compounds, are the most important nutritional and therapeutic plants in the Mediterranean basin. Objectives The goal of this work is to revalue carob and olive leaves as key sources of polyphenols, hence increasing the value of wast...

Biocontrol agents (BCAs) and biopesticides are emerging as alternatives to replace synthetic pesticides. This chapter focuses on the recent omics‐based studies assessing BCAs and biopesticide risks. It introduces novel omics‐based proxies aiming to improve (bio)pesticides risk assessment protocols. The assessment of the environmental impact consist...

French agriculture is increasingly using biocontrol products in response to societal and regulatory pressure to limit the use of conventional plant protection products (PPPs). However, this interest requires an understanding of the sustainability of biocontrol to perfect its development and use. Within the framework of a collective scientific exper...

Equisetum arvense is an herbaceous perennial plant traditionally used in human medicine (i.e. for organic silicon supplementation). It is an approved basic substance with fungicidal properties under Article 23 of agricultural EU pesticide regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 (Anonymous, 2009) since 2014 and in Organic Production since 2016. Currently, its...

Maritime pine bark (Pinus pinaster Aiton subsp. atlantica) is rich in polyphenols with known bioactive properties which are beneficial for human health. However, biological activities of bark extracts depend on the type of polyphenols extracted and the characteristics of these extractives depend on several factors such as the type of solvents used....

Evidence of chemical plant protection products' (PPPs) long-term impact has been found in all environmental compartments. Therefore, other types of PPPs are developed to complement chemical PPPs like PPPs from natural sources, namely biocontrol products (BPs). Little is known about those new BPs, and it is important to assess their potential long-t...

This chapter explains how deploying biocontrol methods on a large scale and by a large number of stakeholders is a key challenge for research and innovation, and is at least as important as developing new methods. We introduce two types of challenges related to biocontrol deployment. The first difficulty relates to the setup of technologies and str...

Supplementary Data for the following article: Ramos, M.; Ghosson, H.; Raviglion, D.; Bertrand, C.; Salvia, M.-V. (2022). Untargeted metabolomics as a tool to monitor biocontrol product residues' fate on field-treated Prunus persica. Science of The Total Environment, 807:150717. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150717

Sharka disease, caused by Plum pox virus (PPV), induces several changes in Prunus. In leaf tissues, the infection may cause oxidative stress and disrupt the photosynthetic process. Moreover, several defense responses can be activated after PPV infection and have been detected at the phytohormonal, transcriptomic, proteomic, and even translatome lev...

Chemical composition and herbicidal, antifungal, antibacterial and molluscicidal activities of essential oils from Choukzerk, Eryngium triquetrum, and Alexander, Smyrnium olusatrum, from western Algeria were characterized. Capillary GC-FID and GC/MS were used to investigate chemical composition of both essential oils, and the antifungal, antibacter...

The intensive use of synthetic herbicides over the past 50 years has led to a number of deleterous impacts on the terrestrial and aquatic environment and is a serious challenge to the ability to sustain agricultural production into the future. In order to remedy this problem, the use of biocontrols is rapidly accelerating and initiating the transit...

Biotic and abiotic stresses strongly affect plant growth, quality of production and crop yield. Respectively biocontrol products and biostimulants have been proposed as agronomic tools to counteract those stresses. Research and development on biocontrol and biostimulant products require the study and characterization of the biotic and abiotic inter...

Supporting Information for the following article: Ghosson, H.; Guitton, Y.; Ben Jrad, A.; Patil, C.; Raviglione, D.; Salvia, M.-V.; Bertrand, C. (2021). Electrospray ionization and heterogeneous matrix effects in liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry based meta‐metabolomics: A biomarker or a suppressed ion? Rapid Communications in Mass Spectromet...

Supporting Information for the following article: Ghosson, H.; Guitton, Y.; Ben Jrad, A.; Patil, C.; Raviglione, D.; Salvia, M.-V.; Bertrand, C. (2021). Electrospray ionization and heterogeneous matrix effects in liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry based meta‐metabolomics: A biomarker or a suppressed ion? Rapid Communications in Mass Spectromet...

Rationale Correct biomarker determination in metabolomics is crucial for unbiased conclusions and reliable applications. However, this determination is subject to several drifts, e.g. matrix effects and ion suppression in Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS)‐based approaches. This phenomenon provokes critical issues for biomarker determi...

Background Freshwater snails are the intermediate hosts of a large variety of trematode flukes such as Schistosoma mansoni responsible for one of the most important parasitic diseases caused by helminths, affecting 67 million people worldwide. Recently, the WHO Global Vector Control Response 2017–2030 (GVCR) programme reinforced its message for saf...

This work introduces a novel online Headspace-Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics approach, suggested as an alternative tool to study the environmental fate of volatile xenometabolites in emerging complex biopesticides, e.g. the Myrica gale methanolic extract herbicide containing several un...

Supplementary Data for the following article: Ghosson, H.; Raviglione, D.; Salvia, M.-V.; Bertrand, C. (2020). Online Headspace-Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-based untargeted volatile metabolomics for studying emerging complex biopesticides: A proof of concept. Analytica Chimica Acta, 1134:58-74. doi:10.1016/j.aca...

Supplementary Data for the following article: Ghosson, H.; Raviglione, D.; Salvia, M.-V.; Bertrand, C. (2020). Online Headspace-Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-based untargeted volatile metabolomics for studying emerging complex biopesticides: A proof of concept. Analytica Chimica Acta, 1134:58-74. doi:10.1016/j.aca...

Supplementary Data for the following article: Ghosson, H.; Raviglione, D.; Salvia, M.-V.; Bertrand, C. (2020). Online Headspace-Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-based untargeted volatile metabolomics for studying emerging complex biopesticides: A proof of concept. Analytica Chimica Acta, 1134:58-74. doi:10.1016/j.aca...

Untargeted metabolomics is an analytical chemistry approach dedicated for the analysis of small biomolecules called “metabolites”. One of its strengths is the ability of covering wide ranges of metabolic information in biological systems. However, exhaustive coverage of information is challenging from a chemical-analytical point of view. In fact, t...

Introduction Electrospray Ionization is one of the most utilized ionization techniques for LC-MS-based metabolomics [1]. However, it presents several drawbacks, e.g. the ion suppression phenomenon, causing ion intensity decrease [2]. The occurrence of the phenomenon is higher if the sample is more complex. Thus, studying samples with different comp...

Despite their known risks, herbicides are still essential for agriculture. Thus, natural herbicides are increasingly recommended to replace synthetic ones. However, there are still limitations in studying the environmental fate of several of them. The main reason is the lack of methods dedicated for this type of complex bio-herbicides. Hence, in th...

Salix spp. cortex is a bark extract from the common plant willow including S. purpurea L., S. daphnoides Vill. and S. fragilis L, traditionally used in human medicine (i.e. for acetylsalicylic acid usually called aspirin). It is an approved basic substance with fungicidal properties under agricultural EU pesticide regulation (Regulation (EC) no 110...

This study investigated the environmental fate of myrigalone A, a light absorbing natural herbicide found on leaves and fruits of Myrica gale. Myrigalone A was irradiated in water and as a dry solid deposit to simulate reactions on leaves, alone and in the presence of the terpenes generated by Myrica gale. The phototransformation was fast (t1/2 = 3...

Despite their known risks, herbicides are still essential for agriculture. Thus, natural herbicides are increasingly recommended to replace synthetic ones. They are supposed less harmful on human health and ecosystem. However, there are still limitations in studying the environmental fate of several of them. The main reason is the lack of methods d...

Environmental meta-metabolomics consider studying mixtures containing endogenous and xenobiotic metabolites, issued from the application of anthropogenic compounds to an environmental matrix. Our main research aim is to develop a Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-based meta-metabolomics approach as an alternative tool for the evaluation of pesticide...

L'utilisation généralisée des Produits PhytoPharmaceutiques (PPP) issus de la synthèse chimique a causé certains problèmes environne-mentaux et de santé aujourd'hui de plus en plus documentés. Parmi les PPP, il existe une classe de produits issus de la nature, les PPP de biocontrôle, qui sont plébiscités pour leur réputation moins impactante pour l...

L’utilisation généralisée des Produits PhytoPharmaceutiques (PPP) issus de la synthèse chimique a causé certains problèmes environnementaux et de santé aujourd’hui de plus en plus Documentés. Parmi les PPP, il existe une classe de produits issus de la nature, les PPP de biocontrôle, qui sont plébiscités pour leur réputation moins impactante pour la...

Le cuivre est utilisé pour contrôler diverses maladies fongiques ou bactériennes, principalement sur vigne, en productions fruitières et en cultures légumières. Il constitue la seule substance active à effet fongicide fort et gamme d’action large homologuée en agriculture biologique. Or la mise en évidence d’effets environnementaux négatifs du cuiv...

Pesticides are regularly used for a variety of applications and are disseminated throughout the environment. These substances may have significant negative impacts. To date, the half-life, t1/2, was often used to study the fate of pesticides in environmental matrices (water, soil, sediment). However, this value gives limited information. First, it...

Bioherbicides appear as an ecofriendly alternative to synthetic herbicides, generally used for weed management, because they are supposed to have low side on human health and ecosystems. In this context, our work aims to study abiotic (i.e., photolysis) and biotic (i.e,. biodegradation) processes involved in the fate of leptospermone, a natural β-t...

Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oils of Algerian Mentha species were studied. Chemical compositions of different Mentha species oils (Mentha rotundifolia, M. spicata, M. pulegium, and M. piperita) were investigated by capillary GC and GC/MS, and their antifungal activities were evaluated by means of paper disc diffusion me...

Five plant extracts traditionally used in organic and biodynamic farming for pest control and antifungal (downy mildew) disease management were selected after a farmer survey and analyzed for their chemical composition in LC-PDA-MS-MS and using adapted analytical method from food chemistry for determination of class of component (e.g., protein, sug...

Herbicide consumption is yearly increasing in order to enhance crop yield and its quality. However, these chemical compounds are threatening environment, and for instance, soil. Thus, tendency for natural bioherbicide use is increasing. In fact, these “bio-compounds” are supposed less harmful for the environment and its biodiversity. However, the e...

The emergence of pesticides of natural origin appears as an environmental-friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides for managing weeds. To verify this assumption, leptospermone, a natural β-triketone herbicide, and sulcotrione, a synthetic one, were applied to soil microcosms at 0× (control), 1× or 10× recommended field dose. The fate of these t...

Andrivon D., Bardin M., Bertrand C., Brun L., Daire X., Decognet V., Fabre F., Gary C., Grenier A.S., Montarry J., Nicot P., Reignault P., Tamm L., 2018. Peut-on se passer du cuivre en protection des cultures biologiques ? Rapport d'expertise scientifique collective, INRA, 185 p.

Pesticide use is permanently increasing for several reasons. However, these chemical compounds are threatening human health and environment. Thus, natural pesticides are recently emerging as an alternative solution. In fact, as these biopesticides are issued from nature, they are supposed less harmful versus the environment. However, the evaluation...

To meet both farmers and consumers' expectations as well as public decisions in the EU (Directive 128/2009), the use of conventional pesticides must be reduced in favor of the use of plant protection products from natural sources, the biopesticides. Although the use of biopesticides is increasing significantly (+15% per year), data are needed in te...

Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) is one of the most economically important and highly polyphagous herbivorous pests in fields and greenhouses worldwide. We previously reported that 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (DTBP) and ethyl oleate (EO) showed significantly acaricidal, repellent and oviposition deterrent properties against T. cinnabarinus via an u...

Increased use of chemical pesticides to protect crop plants may have adverse effects on the environment. In this context, biocontrol products could be considered. To date, the half-life, t1/2, was often employed to evaluate the environmental fate of pesticides. However, this value has a limitation as it doesn’t describe all the phenomena occuring a...

Elionurus muticus is a native grass from Brazil that has been shown to have large variability in the chemical constituents of its essential oil. However, few studies have evaluated this species. The aims of this study were to chemically characterize four wild populations of E. muticus that were collected in southern Brazil as well as to evaluate th...

Temperature can modify membrane fluidity and thus affects cellular functions and physiological activities. This study examines lipid remodelling in the marine symbiotic organism, Tridacna maxima, during a time series of induced thermal stress, with an emphasis on the morphology of their symbiont Symbiodinium First, we show that the French Polynesia...

The ecotoxicological impact of leptospermone, a β-triketone bioherbicide, on the bacterial community of two arable soils was investigated. Soil microcosms were exposed or not (control, 0×) to leptospermone applied at 1× or 10× recommended dose. Leptospermone was moderately adsorbed to both soils (i.e.: Kfa  1.2 and Koc  140 ml.g-1). Dissipation o...

Chap VIII: Des usages aux impacts: indicateursrojet 4P «Protection des Plantes Par les Plantes >> a porté entre 2009 et 2013 sur la recherche d'alternatives à l'utilisation de pesticides, en s'appuyant sur l'évaluation de préparations à base de plantes (infusions, décoctions de prêle, armoise, absinthe et saule) dans un objectif de protection des c...

Main conclusion: Profiling of plant secondary metabolite allows to differentiate the different types of ecological interactions established between rice and bacteria. Rice responds to ecologically distinct bacteria by altering its content of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. Plants' growth and physiology are strongly influenced by t...

The increasing use of natural products of botanical origin (botanicals) in the agriculture practices has led to increasing concern about the environmental fate of these complex substances due to the lack of ecosafety data with regulatory authorities. A potential approach would be to define suitable protocols to analyse the impact and fate of botani...

L'utilisation croissante de produits d'origine naturelle, souvent complexe, dans les pratiques agricoles conduit à des interrogations quant a leur impact sur l'environnement. Une approche possible consiste à définir des protocoles appropriés pour analyser l'impact et le devenir de ces composés sur le sol. Nous souhaitons développer une nouvelle...

Le projet CASDAR 4P « Protection des Plantes Par les Plantes » porta entre 2009 et 2013 sur la recherche d’alternatives à l’utilisation de pesticides ...

L'ouvrage a pour objet de présenter les recherches réalisées sur les médiateurs chimiques impliqués dans les interactions entre la plante cultivée, le phytoagresseur et la solution de biocontrôle, dans le cadre de la protection des cultures. L'approche de ces mécanismes par l'étude des métabolites impliqués est originale et à notre connaissance n'e...

“Coscoll”(Molopospermum peloponnesiacum (L.) Koch) whose stems are traditionally consumed raw insalads in Catalonia is associated in oral tradition with many virtues as digestive, purifying, exciting, antioxidantand hematocathartic activities. However, stem composition and biological activity had never been studied.Nutritive values of plant materia...

New herbicidal formulations were designed by combining wheat gluten, two MMT (unmodified and organically modified) and a model pesticide (ethofumesate) and their performances were assessed through an integrative study conducted in soil using an experimental methodology with data modeling. All the WG-formulations tested were effective to decrease th...

Elionurus muticus is a grass from Pampa biome and it is an excellent alternative as natural source of citral in southern Brazil. The essential oil has a high citral level (80%) and presents variability for other important chemical compounds. The present studies indicated its cytotoxic effect against Artemia salina and also suggested its application...

The invention relates to the use of a Myrica gale plant for producing a herbicidal agent or for preparing a herbicidal composition, and also to the corresponding herbicidal compositions and the herbicidal compositions containing a newly demonstrated herbicidal agent.

Plant 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) is the molecular target of a range of synthetic β-triketone herbicides that are currently used commercially. Their mode of action is based on an irreversible inhibition of HPPD. Therefore, this inhibitory capacity was used to develop a whole-cell colorimetric bioassay with a recombinant Escherichia c...

Evaluation of characteristics and agronomic interest of simple herbal preparations for protection of, fruit, vegetable and grape, production This 4P project “Plant Protection From Plants” focuses on the search for alternatives to the use of pesticides based on the evaluation of herbal preparations (infusions, decoctions) with the objective of prote...

Plant secondary metabolites are important traits that can benefit an invasive plant in its new environment. In the case of rapid evolution in the invaded area, the chemical weapons of introduced plants may diversify, and novel combinations or extreme concentrations of these secondary metabolites may be expressed. The invasive Fallopia species compl...