Caroline Zanetti

Company ARBEAUSOLutions · Expertise and R&D

CFA 2018-Le Havre 1 16 ème Congrès Français d'Acoustique 11-15 Avril 2022, Marseille For environmental, landscaped and ecological reasons, the planting of trees in cities is becoming increasingly important, in parallel with the growing development of urban areas. Controlling the development of roots, parts not visible, becomes essential for their p...

This report details 9 years of monitoring of an experiment testing the decomposition of conifer roots in the earth file of a mountain dike (Casterino, south-eastern French Alps). Two species (Pinus sylvestris and Larix decidua) are involved, with root diameters spanning from 2 to 10 cm in diameter. The follow-up includes internal and external degra...

We describe in this report the 7 year_long experiment of Aleppo pine root decomposition in a dike of the French Mediterranean region. Root parts (diameter 2, 3, 5, 8 and 10 cm) were extracted locally in the dike and burried at 50 cm depth in 2011. After 7 years, they were unburried and their level of internal and external decomposition was assessed...

Gestion des milieux aquatiques et prévention des inondations ne sont pas toujours compatibles, notamment quand on aborde la question complexe de la végétation sur les ouvrages de protection des crues, tels que les digues. L’intégration de la GEMAPI à des linéaires de digues doit alors être évaluée au cas par cas, en fonction de l’état des ouvrages...

Toulouse dykes include 16 km of various types of dykes and flood gates and stoplogs, belonging to several owners including Toulouse City and French State (DDT31) that own about 13 km. The Toulouse dykes Hazard Study has been made in 2014-2015. The study includes: •An estimation of the probability of failure, evaluated as low, including for the 187...

Since the beginning of the 20th century, man has domesticated his environment and caused the modification of hydraulic conditions during floods. In parallel, civil engineering has strongly progressed in the domain of hydraulic structures but especially the construction of dams and dikes has also massively increased and part of the population has lo...

En France, plus de 10 000 km de digues fluviales et de canaux, et plusieurs milliers de petits barrages sont concernés par l’entretien et la maîtrise de la végétation qui s’y développe. Végétation qui en constitue un attrait fort, mais qui en même temps entraîne des risques de détérioration. Ce livre comble un manque en termes d’informations, de mé...

Context: Tree root architecture is the result of complex interactions between genetic and environmental controls. They are difficult to understand due to the high diversity and variability of soils and environments where tree usually grow. Method: The root system of 106 adult trees from ten species was carefully uprooted from dykes and river banks...

Context: Tree root system (RS) structure and development according to soil and environment characteristics are difficult to assess and poorly understood in natural conditions, due to soil heterogeneity and the difficulty to extract large RSs without damaging them. Material: 243 adult trees from 12 species were uprooted from homogeneous French levee...

En France, plus de 10 000 km de digues fluviales et de canaux, et plusieurs milliers de petits barrages sont concernés par l’entretien et la maîtrise de la végétation qui s’y développe. Végétation qui en constitue un attrait fort, mais qui en même temps entraîne des risques de détérioration. Ce livre comble un manque en termes d’informations, de mé...

Les rivières de piedmont alpin ont fait l'objet de nombreux travaux d'endiguement et de chenalisation au cours des siècles qui nous précèdent. La gestion actuelle de ces digues conduit souvent à en exclure les ligneux pour des raisons de sécurité. Pourtant la végétation alluviale et les ripisylves jouent un rôle écologique majeur. Ce sont des milie...

Rivers in the Prealps have undergone considerable embankment and channelization work over recent centuries. The current management of these embankments often excludes woody plants for safety reasons. However, alluvial vegetation and riparian zones can play important ecological roles by providing often very biodiverse environments and acting as biol...

This chapter's 17 sections provide an overview of asset management principles as they apply to levee operation and maintenance (O&M) activities. They first introduce O&M activities in relation to levee life cycle and address the use of risk-based and sustainable issues, operating for the long term, and managing and organizing data produced and used...

In order to study tree root system development in earth dikes and dams, 350 stumps from 13 tree species were extracted, and root size and distribution were analysed. Experimental devices in the field were used to study Woody rots samples decay and decomposition in time. Root system structure depends on various parameters: dike dimension and materia...

Ces recherches s’inscrivent dans le cadre de l’étude de l’enracinement des arbres dans les ouvrages hydrauliques. Un des objectifs est l’identification d’une méthode non-destructive pour la détection des racines, celles-ci induisant un risque dans les ouvrages en remblai, et notamment des digues. La méthode électrique de « mise-à-la-masse » a été u...

RÉSUMÉ. Les racines d’arbre sont reconnues comme un danger lorsqu’elles poussent dans les structures en remblai d’ouvrages hydrauliques, et notamment des digues. Deux principaux risques sont associés à la présence d’arbres sur ces ouvrages : l’érosion interne liée au développement racinaire dans le corps de digue ou sa fondation et l’érosion extern...

Chapter 4 is intended to be the reference document of choice for operating, trouble-shooting and maintaining levees. It is written for levee operators with a range of experience and expertise as well as for environmental agencies who are interested in international good practice. Chapter 4 includes historical good practice, facts regarding good pra...

Ce chapitre introduit l'ouvrage en précisant le contexte entourant la gestion des cours d'eau de montagne. Sont abordés successivement les principaux enjeux et les politiques publiques qui doivent y répondre, les principes de fonctionnement hydrologiques et écologiques, les différents aspects du génie végétal et ses avantages et limites face au gén...

Trees developing on earth dams and levees generate problems of safety and limit their life span. Root systems increase the level of external and internal risks of erosion, which can be high when the fill is wooded since a long time. Two case studies are presented, a wooded dam and a section of levee. We describe the state of these works, and the re...

Dikes offer favorable conditions for tree growth and vegetation provides many ecological and social services on these artificial sites. But woody vegetation induces several risks which are not compatible with dike safety. In order to characterize the incidence of woody root systems on the structure and durability of embankment dikes, more than one...

The aim of this study was to test the possibility of using geoelectrical measurements to detect and differentiate different root samples of trees rooted in dikes. A laboratory experiment was performed to describe the electrical signal of buried freshly cut root samples according to tree species, root sample orientation and number and nature of eart...

Le développement des arbres sur les digues en terre est peu souhaitable du point de vue de la sécurité des ouvrages. Au-delà d'une certaine dimension, dépendante de l'âge des arbres, de l'espèce et du milieu, les systèmes racinaires génèrent des risques d'érosion qui peuvent être importants sur les digues anciennes et densément boisées. Outre la sé...

La plupart des pays du globe disposent d'un parc important d'ouvrages hydrauliques en remblai (digues et barrages), souvent anciens et supportant une végétation arborescente parfois dense. De nombreuses ruptures ou défaillances d'ouvrages, au cours de ces trois dernières décennies, ont justifié un regain d'études et, en France, un renforcement des...

ASTRACT Trees growing on earth dikes generate safety problems and reduce dikes durability. Root systems generate internal and external erosion risks which can be important on wooded dikes. The aim of this study was to differentiate various root samples of trees rooted in dikes by geo-electrical measurements. Before proceeding to roots detection in...

Trees growing on earth dikes generates safety problems and reduces dike durability. Root systems generate internal and external erosion risks which can be important on dikes wooded for a long time. Erosion risks increase with tree age and stand density. The aim of this study is to analyse root systems characteristics of trees rooted in canal dikes...

Au même titre que les conduites traversantes ou les terriers de rongeurs, les racines d’arbres sont susceptibles de générer des phénomènes d’érosions menaçant l’intégrité des ouvrages en remblai. Après une courte revue bibliographique concernant les techniques permettant l’étude des caractéristiques de l’enracinement des arbres, cet article présent...