Carol Ewing Garber

Columbia University | CU · Department of Biobehavioral Sciences

Background: Physical activity (PA) provides many substantial benefits to help reduce risk for cardiometabolic disease, improve cognitive function, and improve quality of life. Individuals with neuromuscular disorders (NMDs), such as spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are characterized by muscular weakness and fatigu...

Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background/Introduction Exercise is an important factor in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few data are available on predictors of adopting exercise (AE) in older adults, especially the impact of a new and remote heart disease diagnosis (NHDD and...

ABSTRACT Background: Physical activity (PA) is important for the long-term health and weight management of patients who undergo metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS). However, the roles of exercise professionals in clinical MBS settings have not been systematically determined. Objectives: To investigate: (1) who are the professionals implementin...

Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, and low levels of physical activity (PA) is a leading independent predictor of poor CV health and associated with an increased prevalence of risk factors that predispose to CVD development. In this review, we evaluate the benefits of exercise on CV health. We...

Kinesiology aspires to be an integrated, interdisciplinary field that studies human movement from multiple perspectives. However, the main societal deliverables of the field, namely exercise prescriptions and physical activity recommendations, still reflect fragmentation, placing more emphasis on physiological outcomes than on behavioral and other...

Introduction/aims: Fatiguability and perceived fatigue are common unrelated symptoms in ambulatory individuals with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) measures the sense of effort during an activity and has been used as a proxy for fatigue. Relationships between perceived fatigue, fatiguability, and RPE have been de...

CISS welcomes and encourages articles addressing a broad range of topics across sport science which include but is not limited to genetic, biological, physical, physiological, psychological, pedagogical, sociological, environmental, policy among other aspects. In this editorial, we highlight several topics of interest for each of our sections withi...

Prior to 1950, the field of exercise science was in its infancy. Exercise physiologists focused their research on understanding basic mechanisms of how the body responds to exercise and how to increase fitness. Most researchers and almost all research participants were male. Over the next two decades, and coinciding with the passage of Title IX, a...

Aims The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and benefits of a 12-session dance/movement program for intimate partner violence survivors' mental health and PTSD symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The specific purposes were fourfold: (1) To determine the feasibility of delivering a virtual dance/movement workshop program; (2) to exa...

Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background/Introduction Exercise is an important factor in the primary and secondary prevention of heart disease. However, few data are available on predictors of exercise in older adults, especially the impact of a new and remote diagnosis of heart disease (NHDD and RHDD, respectively) on ex...

Apply It! • The exercise professional will be given evidenced-based effective exercises to be used for fall mitigation and prevention purposes with older adults. • The exercise professional will learn to look for common risk factors for falling in an assessment and how to address these in an exercise program. • The exercise professional will be pro...

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder in children, and it's linked to a higher risk of academic failure, interpersonal issues, mental illness, and criminality. Despite several of the comparative and detailed reviews on the effects of ADHD interventions on core symptoms, there is no data su...

BACKGROUND High volumes of school-based sedentary time may impact academic achievement and executive function negatively. This study evaluated a multimodal classroom program's (POWER) effect on fifth graders' physical activity (PA) and executive function. METHODS Six 5th grade classes (3 = intervention [POW]; 3 = waitlist control [CONT]) in 2 dive...

The purpose of this systematic review is twofold: 1) to identify, evaluate, and synthesize the heretofore disparate scientific literatures regarding the effects of direct exposure to microgravity on the musculoskeletal system, taking into account for the first time both bone and muscle systems of both humans and animals; and 2) to investigate the e...

Objective To estimate muscle oxygen uptake and quantify fatigue during exercise in ambulatory individuals with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and healthy controls. Methods Peak aerobic capacity (VO2peak) and workload (Wpeak) were measured by cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in 19 ambulatory SMA patients and 16 healthy controls. Submaximal exerc...

PurposeTo identify sociodemographic and health correlates of meeting the muscle strengthening (MS) exercise recommendations in middle-aged and older adults by disability status.Methods Respondents from the 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were stratified by disability status (with disability, without disability), age [ages 45–64 (mid...

Endothelial dysfunction is a mechanism that may explain the link between prolonged sedentary time and cardiovascular disease. However, the relation between habitual sedentary behavior (SED) and endothelial function has yet to be explored. Purpose-: The purpose of this study was to examine the association of accelerometer-measured SED with markers...

A novel psychometric tool, the CRAVE Scale (Cravings for Rest and Volitional Energy Expenditure) was developed to measure motivational states for physical activity and rest in humans. In this study, we tested the validity and reliability of the CRAVE Scale in 127 participants over 2 years, resulting in over 1400 observations. This study is one out...

Background: Insufficient physical activity (PA) may increase the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), but limited research is available. We examine the relationship between PA and the development of CVD events, CVD death and all-cause mortality among KTRs....

Background There has been an explosion in the use of wearable activity trackers (WATs), but we do not fully understand who wears them and why. This study’s purpose was to describe the characteristics of WAT users and to compare current and former users. Materials and Methods A variety of internet-based resources (eg, Craigslist, Facebook) were use...

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and validity of using three-dimensional (3D) video data and computer vision to estimate physical activity intensities in young children. Families with children (2–5-years-old) were invited to participate in semi-structured 20-minute play sessions that included a range of indoor play activit...

The recent explosion of wearable technology and the associated concerns prompted the International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS) to create a quality assurance standard for wearable devices, which provides commissioned testing of marketing claims and endorsement of commercial wearables that test favorably. An open forum as announced in the co...

The Effects of Microgravity on The Musculoskeletal System of Humans and Animals, with an Emphasis on Exercise as a Countermeasure: A Systematic Scoping Review

Introduction: The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a well-established clinical assessment of functional endurance, validated as a measure of walking ability in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The current availability of disease-modifying therapies for SMA indicates a growing need for normative reference data to compare SMA patients to healthy control...

Objectives: Many researchers have studied the effectiveness of school-based physical activity (PA) interventions in promoting children's PA; yet, much remains unknown about best practices for promoting PA in diverse populations of school-aged US children. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the impact of elementary school-based PA...

Background Sedentary behavior is a key contributor to cardiovascular disease. Few data exist on the sedentary behavior patterns of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methods and Results We characterized patterns of sedentary time and their correlates in 149 patients with acute coronary syndrome over the first month postdischarge, a critical pe...

•Rapid urbanization and its environmental impact have led to challenges to health and well-being of residents in BRICS nations.•Physical activity should be a priority public health target for primary and secondary prevention because of the high prevalence of chronic diseases and cardiometabolic risk factors in BRICS nations.•BRICS nations can harne...

More than 30% of U.S. adults are obese or overweight. A program of regular physical activity is recommended as part of an effective lifestyle intervention for weight loss and weight management. However, more than 40% of adults do not engage in sufficient physical activity to realize these beneficial effects on body weight. Physicians may encounter...

Purpose: Research examining the relationship between physical activity (PA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among kidney transplant recipients (KTR) is limited. Accordingly, we sought to 1) describe the levels of PA in KTR and 2) analyze the associations between PA levels and CVD risk factors in KTR. Methods: Baseline data from KTR...

Introduction: Insufficient physical activity (PA) may increase the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), but limited research is available. We examine the relationship between PA and the development of CVD events and all-cause mortality among a cohort of KTRs....

Clinical researchers studying the long-term neurocognitive effects of anesthetic and sedative agents on children continue to struggle with identifying a phenotype for anesthetic neurotoxicity, the window of vulnerability, and the toxicity threshold in terms of concentration and duration. The Sixth Biennial Pediatric Anesthesia Neurodevelopment Asse...

Wearable physical activity (PA) monitors are widely promoted as a means to motivate people to be more active, but the motivational profile of users has never been assessed. This study’s purpose was to classify adult users by their motivational regulation scores and examine how these profiles were associated with moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA). Curr...

The potential for long-term neurotoxic effects of anesthetics on the developing human brain has led to intensified research in this area. To date, the human evidence has been inconclusive, but a large body of animal evidence continues to demonstrate cause for concern. On April 14 and 15, 2018 the sixth biennial Pediatric Anesthesia and Neurodevelop...

This study aimed to characterize daily physical activity (PA) behaviors in 2-year-old girls and boys and their parents, with and without an objective measure of dyadic spatial proximity. Urban-dwelling parent–toddler dyads (N = 110) wore accelerometers for 7 days, and parents completed a sociodemographic questionnaire. Accelerometers were initializ...

As the discipline of kinesiology ponders what should compose a kinesiology curriculum, it is worth considering the broad context. What is our responsibility to imbue students with values, viewpoint, and a vocabulary that facilitates their success in a context greater than our discipline? How do we decide what those things are (e.g., professional in...

Background: Guidelines recommend exercise for secondary prevention of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), however adherence to guidelines is low. A paucity of data examining factors associated with objectively-measured exercise post-discharge in ACS survivors exists. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with exercise during the...

Physical activity (PA) and health were compared in younger (YA; 18-44 years), middle-aged (MA; 45-64 years), and older (OA; >65 years) adults with disability (PWD), functional limitation (PFL), or without disability (PWoD). Disability occurred in YA (PWD: 2.3%; PFL: 14.3%), MA (PWD: 8.5%; PFL: 23.8%), and OA (PWD: 14.9%; PFL: 26.6%). Not meeting ae...

Introduction: Endometrial cancer survivors are the least physically active of all cancer survivors, and are at elevated risk of developing comorbidities. Research exploring perceptions of physical activity (PA) among socioculturally diverse endometrial cancer survivors is in its infancy. The primary aim of the current study was to qualitatively exp...

Introduction: Data characterizing the potential relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are limited in the published literature. Accordingly, we sought to: (1) describe the levels of physical activity (PA) in KTRs; and (2) analyze the associations between PA levels...

The purpose of this study was to estimate distances from accelerometer-derived Bluetooth signals as a measure of interpersonal spatial proximity. Accelerometer-derived proximity data were collected indoors and outdoors over a 10m range to calibrate simulation models. Proximity data were simulated over 20m (indoor) and 50m (outdoor) ranges. Competin...

Autonomic dysfunction appears to be prevalent in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). However, there are limited data on the resting autonomic responses to exercise in active and insufficiently active PLWHA. We aimed to determine whether active PLWHA have better autonomic responses compared with insufficiently active PLWHA. Active PLWHA receiving a...

Purpose: To determine whether theory-based physical activity (PA) interventions for overweight and obese female cancer survivors lead to increased PA and improved health. Methods: This systematic review examined randomized controlled trials analyzing the impact of theory-based PA interventions on overweight and obese female cancer survivors thro...

Purpose: To conduct an integrated review of the performance and implementation of two physical activity (PA) assessment tools, the exercise vital sign (EVS) and the physical activity vital sign (PAVS), in U.S. primary care practice. Design: An integrative review following Whittemore and Knafl's methodology. Methods: Medline and the Cumulative...

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to describe physical activity-related differences in body composition, quality of life, and behavioral variables among a socioculturally diverse sample of endometrial cancer survivors. Methods Ambulatory, English-speaking endometrial cancer survivors (6 months to 5 years post-treatment), who were residents of Br...

Physical activity (PA) may improve physical and mental health in people living with HIV (PLWH). However, the associations between PA participation and physical and mental health problems of PLWH in urban settings remain largely unknown. Our objective was to determine the relationships between PA and physical and mental health in urban-dwelling PLWH...

Purpose of Review Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are highly prevalent. The benefits and risks of physical activity and evidence base for exercise prescription are not widely known by healthcare providers. Recent Finding Regular exercise and reducing sedentary time are essential elements of primordial and primary prevention in healthy ad...

OBJECTIVE: To compare and examine relationships between body image (BI), body composition and physical function in overweight and normal weight active older women. METHOD: We measured body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WAIST), grip strength (GS), lower limb muscle strength [LLMS], arm curl, balance, step-in-place test (SIP...

Introduction: The Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) was adopted as a clinical outcome measure for ambulatory spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). However, a systematic review of measurement properties reported significant variation among chronic pediatric conditions. Our purpose was to assess the reliability/validity of the 6MWT in SMA. Methods: Thirty part...

Background The benefits of exercise on long-term health and well-being are well established. The possible benefits of exercise in Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) have not been explored in a controlled clinical trial format. Objective To assess the effects of exercise on measures of function, strength, and exercise capacity in ambulatory SMA patients...

The purpose of the American College of Sports Medicine's (ACSM) exercise preparticipation health screening process is to identify individuals who may be at elevated risk for exercise-related sudden cardiac death and/or acute myocardial infarction. Recent studies have suggested that using the current ACSM exercise preparticipation health screening g...

To determine the physical activity (PA) behavior, needs and preferences for underserved, ethnically diverse women with a history of endometrial cancer (EC). Women with a history of EC (41 non-Hispanic black, 40 non-Hispanic white, and 18 Hispanic) completed a needs assessment during their regular follow-up appointments at Montefiore Medical Center...