Carmen RamosUniversity of Oviedo | UNIOVI · Department of Applied Economics
Carmen Ramos
PhD in Economics
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70
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Introduction
Carmen Ramos currently works at the Department of Applied Economics, University of Oviedo. Carmen does research in Analysis Input-Output, Energy Economics, and Income Inequality. Their current project is 'Entropy econometrics and Input-Output'
Additional affiliations
January 1986 - present
Publications
Publications (70)
Background. Social and organisational changes in businesses have led to the appearance of “emergent risks” which affect workers but are less evident and hard to quantify such as psychosocial risks. Linked to psychosocial risks, issues such as work-related stress and workplace violence are major challenges to occupational health and safety. This pap...
The level of European dependence on imports of goods from other countries is crucial in determining the price of these goods. The conflicts in the east and the south of the European Union are causing instability which leads to an increase in the prices of all products, worse in those areas that are dependent on imports. The war in Ukraine and the s...
Climate change and its effects are one of the main concerns of both administrations and citizens in many countries. One of the most important causes of climate change is greenhouse gas emissions, especially CO2, and its reduction is a target for governments around the world. In this sense, the article aims to measure the regional imbalances in CO2...
The objective of this work is to measure the energy poverty in the European Union through the construction of an Energy Poverty Index by means of the multivariant technique of factorial analysis. The index is calculated for the 28 member countries of the European Union in the years 2008 and 2017. Moreover, the effect of distributed generation renew...
In 2016, in the Chilean commune of Puerto Montt, located in the Los Lagos region, the natural disaster known as the Red Tide took place due to the proliferation of one or several species of microalgae. This phenomenon has led to diverse losses affecting economic output, the level of household income, and employment. Numerous studies have analyzed t...
Technical efficiency (TE) is a key topic in fishery economics due to its relevance in guiding fishing regulations and policy measures. In some territories, the presence of artisanal and small-scale fisheries (SSFs) is clearly decreasing but is still substantial, and regulators are concerned about their productivity and TE. A distinguishing feature...
An Input-Output model was applied to quantify and compare, for the first time in Europe, the economic contribution of marine recreational (MRF) and commercial fishing (MCF) to a regional economy (Asturias, Spain). The approach considers separately the commercial artisanal fishing (MCAF) and attempts to overcome traditional problems concerning the t...
Este trabajo procura analizar las pautas de la desigualdad de renta y los factores determinantes de su evolución en países de América Latina durante el período 2004-2013. Inicialmente, se determina la desigualdad en el reparto del ingreso en algunos países de América Latina mediante el índice de Theil y se observa que en la mayoría de ellos la desi...
RESUMEN:
El trabajo que se presenta pretende ser una alternativa metodológica, desde una perspectiva que consideramos novedosa, en la determinación e interpretación del concepto de elasticidad sectorial en un entorno input-output. De esta forma, se pretende dar respuesta a algunas de las críticas que habitualmente se le hacen a dicho concepto. En...
En este trabajo se estudia a economía de la Región de los Ríos (Chile) y se analiza su evolución en el período 2007-2016. Para llevar a cabo dicho estudio se ha aplicado el análisis insumo-producto, en concreto, se ha realizado un análisis de la estructura productiva sectorial y clasificado a los sectores mediante los coeficientes de Chenery y Wata...
El trabajo que se presenta pretende ser una alternativa metodológica, desde una perspectiva que consideramos novedosa, en la determinación e interpretación del concepto de elasticidad sectorial en un entorno input-output. De esta forma, se pretende dar respuesta a algunas de las críticas que habitualmente se le hacen a dicho concepto. En esta propu...
In competitive electricity markets, the growth of electricity generated by renewable sources will reduce the market price of electricity assuming marginal cost pricing. However, small renewable distributed generation (RDG) alone cannot modify the formation of electricity prices. By aggregating small RDG units into a Virtual Power Plants (as a singl...
En este trabajo se estudia la economía de la Región de los Ríos (Chile) y se analiza su evolución en el período 2007-2016. Para llevar a cabo dicho estudio se ha aplicado el análisis insumo-producto, en concreto, se ha realizado un análisis de la estructura productiva sectorial y clasificado a los sectores mediante los coeficientes de Chenery y Wat...
This article analyses patterns of income inequality and its determinants in the countries of Latin America in the period 2004-2013. First, income distribution in several countries is determined using the Theil index and is found to have decreased over the study period. An econometric panel data model is then employed to study the determinants of th...
El trabajo que aquí se presenta pretende ser una alternativa metodológica, desde una perspectiva que consideramos novedosa, a la determinación e interpretación del concepto de elasticidad sectorial en un entorno input-output. De esta forma se pretende dar respuesta a algunas de las críticas que habitualmente se le hace a dicho concepto. En esta pro...
Es de esperar que la implementación del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior mejore el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Este trabajo analiza, mediante técnicas estadísticas multivariantes, la importancia de las características socio-demográficas, de actitud y esfuerzo del estudiante, así como la importancia de sus conocimientos previos y...
The importance of the consequences of sectoral aggregation, from the perspective of input-output analysis is the foundation of this paper. This issue is addressed from two perspectives: firstly, the effects of aggregation on the amount of information contained in an input-output matrix, in this case the statistical theory of information is used (Th...
The compilation of the information required to construct survey-based input-output (I-O) tables consumes resources and time to statistical agencies. Consequently, a number of non-survey techniques have been developed in the last decades to estimate I-O tables. These techniques usually depart from observable information on the row and column margins...
The use of linkages to compare productive structures and discover key sectors is an active focus of research in input-output field. In this paper, an extension of the called multilevel indicators (García et al., 2008) to the key sector determination is proposed. The multilevel indicators not only describe industries with a strong influence on the e...
The Spanish Integral Plan of Industrial Policy 2020 points out the energy cost containment as one of the priority actions to improve the competitiveness of industry. In fact, electricity prices for industrial consumers are of particular importance for international competitiveness, as electricity usually represents a significant proportion of its t...
The Social Economy (SE) is an important sector for the economy; however, there is little information on this sector. This work analyzes, spatially, entities of the Asturian SE on two levels: one-dimensional and multidimensional. In the first, shall be made a study of localization and specialization of activities in the various councils and will ana...
The aim of the Kyoto Protocol is to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases emissions. In this context, it is very important to characterize the economic sectors according to environmental indicators to properly design environmental policies; Moreover, it could be advisable to analyze the emissions that directly and indirectly are generated by econom...
This paper evaluates the efficiency of the Social Economy sector in Asturias, by applying the nonparametric method of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) proposed by Charnes et al. (1978). For the elaboration of this study we used a sample of 397 Asturian cooperatives and labor societies for biennium 2004-2005. We calculate the measure of its performan...
El presente trabajo evalúa la eficiencia del Sector de la Economía Social (SES) en Asturias, para lo cual se seleccionó el método no paramétricos del Análisis Envolvente de Datos (Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA) propuesto por Charnes et al. (1978). A partir de los datos extraídos de la cuentas anuales de una muestra de 397 empresas para el bienio 2...
Developed countries in general, Spain in particular, have experienced a dramatic rise in the reception of foreign workers
in the last decade. Among all the economic and social effects originated by the arrivals of immigrants, the literature has
paid some attention to the potential effect that this immigration can produce on the internal migration p...
En este trabajo utilizando datos de países europeos, se revisa cómo influye la reducción de una tabla input-output en los multiplicadores y encadenamientos de las ramas que no se unen, con ello se responde la hipótesis: “a mayor nivel de agregación los distintos encadenamientos de las ramas no agrupadas son afectados en forma sistemática y definida...
European countries data has been reviewed, in this paper, in order to review how the aggregation of an Input-Output Table influences on the multipliers and linkages of the branches that do not join themselves. These facts let us that the following hypothesis were answered: "A higher level of aggregation, the different linkages of the non put into b...
Input–output analysis is a powerful tool for in-depth study of the productive structure of economic space. Moreover, the sectoral network constitutes one of the possible determinants of the innovative capacity of a territory. The use of network theory in the input–output field supposes an interesting alternative that allows structural complexity, w...
The use of network theory in the input‐output field supposes an interesting alternative that allows structural complexity, weakness and strength to be shown. To this end, we analyse the relative position of each industry via core‐periphery models to offer an approach to fundamental economy structure. These models are very flexible and can be applie...
Resulta revelador intentar plasmar la idea referida a un conglomerado de agentes que constituyan un núcleo alrededor del cual gire la actividad objeto de estudio. La concepción de una estructura formada por un centro y una periferia, constituye un paradigma clásico y recurrente en muchos campos de la ciencia. Siguiendo esta línea, los investigadore...
Paralelamente al declive experimentado por la industria pesada, los sectores de servicios han emergido como una pieza fundamental en la evolución reciente de muchos países desarrollados. El presente trabajo pone de manifiesto la evolución y cambios experimentados por este sector en España, durante el período 1980-2000, etapa suficientemente amplia...
Structural decomposition analysis (SDA) is a well-known methodology to assess the relative importance of effects that together constitute the actual change in a variable of interest. A widely recognized problem of SDA is that the results often depend strongly on the specific decomposition formula chosen, while numerous formulae are equivalent from...
The main objective of this research is to construct a Social Accounting Matrix for Colombia referred to year 2003, since this is the last year with available statistical information to its elaboration. The interest of this work is therefore to provide a countable framework as the MCS that can be used in the analysis as the incorporated in this stud...
El estudio sistemático del modo en que se organizan y disponen los intercambios en la estructura productiva, permite obtener una información enriquecedora, si se relaciona con la capacidad innovadora de las distintas ramas de la producción. El método propuesto por Miyazawa (1966,1971) aplicado a la descomposición de las interrelaciones sectoriales...
El estudio sistemático del modo en que se organizan las relaciones intersectoriales, jerarquías, asimetrías y posiciones relativas de los diferentes sectores productivos, constituye una fuente de información de gran interés. Con esta fi nalidad, la Teoría de Redes Sociales aporta una metodología específi ca que presenta un gran potencial, al permit...
A suitable methodological proposal for getting sectorial clusters is determined in this paper. This proposal is based on the Graphs Theory, which as long as it simplifies the relations between the sectors, it lets us to take out the underlying economical structure and, therefore it makes to distinguish between the existing conglomerates lighter. On...
The systematic study of the way in which exchanges are organized in the productive structure allows to obtain a rich information, if it is related to the innovation capacity of different productive sectors. The application of the method proposed by Miyazawa (1966, 1971) to the decomposition of sectorial relations by technological levels can be spec...
This study reports the advances in the theoretical and operational discussion of the gender approach in the educational area. The document describes the theoretical and methodological complexity observed in the social sciences when elaborating indicators orientated to repoiting, clarifying or evaluating the functioning of the educational establishm...
En este estudio se ha avanzado en la discusión teórica y operacional del enfoque de género en el ámbito educativo. El documento describe la complejidad teórica y metodológica que en las ciencias sociales se da al momento de elaborar indicadores orientados a informar, trasparentar o evaluar el funcionamiento de los establecimientos educacionales. An...
The idea of a structure made up of a core and periphery is a common, classic paradigm in many fields of science. Following this line, in 1999, researchers Stephen Borgatti and Martin Everett developed a model of structural analysis based on the delimitation of a core formed by a group of densely connected actors, in contrast to a class of actors, m...
There is a long tradition of studies in the input-output field for determining key sectors Their analysis allows the identification of those sectors with great effect on the demand and supply system and therefore, they constitute the basis for the growth and development of a territory.
In order to pinpoint, those sectors whose position is more rele...
El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en analizar la existencia de una conexión entre el dinamismo de los sectores económicos y su decisión de invertir.
Dicho estudio va a ser efectuado en un marco input-output, donde el “dinamismo” del sector será determinado a partir de la metodología de Dietzenbacher y van der Linden que se encuadra dentro del a...
Shift-Share analysis is a well-known methodology frequently used to obtain insights into the determinants of regional growth processes. It can address many issues, such as output growth, employment growth and productivity growth. After the initial equation proposed by Dunn (1960), several extensions have been suggested in order to overcome some con...
El objetivo de este trabajo consiste un proponer unos indicadores sintéticos, a partir de los cuales efectuar un análisis estructural. En este cometido se empleará el marco input-output y un enfoque multidimensional. A partir de métodos de análisis estructural clásicos y de extracción hipótetica, se determinará una batería de indicadores que permit...
The aim of this paper is to suggest an alternative approach to input-output structural analysis based on synthetic indexes. From the methods of classical analysis and hypothetic sector-extraction, a set of indexes will be employed to portray the behaviour of every sector. In a second stage, applying the multivariate technique of factorial analysis,...
The study of the inequality and welfare from an economic perspective implies the use of quantitative tools that allow us build suitable measurements for this study. The use of Social Accounting Matrices (SAM) has been pointed up for many authors like a useful way to analyse the relationships between the economics agents and, more in detail, like an...
El análisis input-output es una herramienta de gran potencialidad que permite profundizar en el conocimiento de la estructura productiva de un espacio económico. Por otro lado, el entramado sectorial constituye uno de los posibles factores determinantes en la capacidad de innovación de un territorio. En este trabajo, desde la óptica de la teoría de...
The conception of a structure made up of a core and periphery is a common, classic paradigm in many fields of science. Following this line, in 1999 researchers Stephen Borgatti and Martin Everett developed a model of structural analysis based on the delimitation of a core formed by a group of densely connected actors, in contrast to a class of acto...
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar y comparar las estructuras económicas de tres países europeos: Alemania, España y Francia. Dichos países se encuentran próximos geográficamente y tienen un peso específico importante dentro de la UE. Para llevar a cabo esta comparación se utilizará el marco input-output dado que proporciona una información mu...
Uno de los aspectos fundamentales que posibilita el conocimiento en profundidad de una economía es la realización de un análisis de su estructura productiva. Dicho análisis supone una importante ayuda no sólo en la toma de decisiones de política económica, sino también constituye un requisito indispensable y previo a las tareas de predicción necesa...
Esta ponencia revisa los fundamentos matemáticos del modelo input-output dinámico, para concluir que bajo las hipótesis específicas de Leontief es inconsistente. Probamos primero que el modelo estático no puede ser considerado una versión particular del dinámico cuando la matriz de coeficientes de capital se compone de elementos positivos o nulos....
El objeto de esta comunicación es mostrar distintas posibilidades de utilización de la teoría matemática de la información al análisis input-output. Abordaremos este cometido desde tres ópticas diferentes. La primera de ellas se refiere al proceso de agregación de una matriz. El empleo de medidas de información permitirá cuantificar qué cantidad de...
El análisis input-output es una herramienta de incuestionable utilidad en la elaboración de estudios económicos, ya que permite recoger no sólo las relaciones entre los distintos sectores, sino también otros agregados de interés como, por ejemplo, la demanda final, las importaciones y exportaciones o el valor añadido bruto. El esquema contable suby...
The interest on regional economics has strongly developed in the lastest decades; however, and in spite of the great extension of the information that statistical sources of data offer to economic researchers, one of the major problems arising with these kind of studies still keep being the lack of data. Regional studies can be focused from several...
Studies on regional economy have achieved a huge expansion in the last decades. In particular, from an input-ouput optic many efforts have been devoted to carring out a suitable methodology, which enable us to cover the overall and exhaustive knowledge of the economic reality of one region. Given that a input-output table (IOT) gathers both interse...
The main objective of this research is to construct a Social Accounting Matrix for Colombia referred to year 2003, since this is the last year with available statistical information to its elaboration. The interest of this work is therefore to provide a countable framework as the MCS that can be used in the analysis as the incorporated in this stud...