Carmen Camelo

Universidad de Cádiz | UCA

This paper analyses the factors that influence opportunity recognition (OR) of academic spin‐offs (ASOs) from a contingency perspective. We focus on factors linked to the academic entrepreneur and propose that their relevance for explaining OR in ASOs depends on the context in which these firms operate: discovery (the necessary information for entr...

Academic spin-offs (ASOs) are typically technologically driven, and their expansion into foreign markets has become a priority for the generation of revenue, thereby recuperating the initial R&D and patent costs over a shorter time frame. However, the literature of how these firms internationalise and what sources they can rely on to obtain the fin...

This paper has been designed with a dual goal. On the one hand, the paper aims to examine the role of management teams, industry agents, and university agents as providers of a series of key resources and capabilities for academic spin-offs (ASOs) to develop a strategic entrepreneurial orientation (EO). On the other hand, the paper also examines th...

This paper aims to analyze the relevance of the three dimensions of the knowledge conversion capability (KCC) for the innovation performance of academic spin-offs (ASOs) at two stages of evolution, as well as, how academic and industry networks contribute to the development of these capacities in each stage. Results obtained on a sample of 167 Span...

Drawing on social cognitive career theory and institutional theory, we develop a multilevel and integrative model to examine the influence of entrepreneurial cognition factors (entrepreneurial self-efficacy and outcome expectations) on entrepreneurial opportunity recognition (EOR). We also consider the moderating effect of contextual factors (norma...

Social innovations developed by academic spinoffs (ASOs) are acquiring an ever-increasing relevance in the literature on academic entrepreneurship. Previous studies have considered the importance of the social and institutional contexts of entrepreneurial ecosystems for the development of these innovations, although a greater depth of analysis is r...

The importance of entrepreneurial ecosystems is accentuated in the academic entrepreneurship context since academic spinoffs (ASOs) must rely on actors from the ecosystem to access resources they lack in order to improve their performance. This study analyzes the impact that actors from social and institutional (university and nonuniversity) contex...

La población española involucrada en negocios que se encuentran en fases iniciales del proceso emprendedor vuelve a aumentar ligeramente en el último año, manteniendo así los niveles de participación por encima del umbral de seis personas emprendedoras en fase inicial por cada cien personas de la población adulta. De acuerdo con el indicador de ac...

España es el país en el que los emprendedores nacientes y nuevos estiman que tendrán a cinco años vista un menor tamaño en función del empleo a crear. Este dato no ayuda a superar el deficit de tamaño de la empresa española. Sobre este tema, la prioridad se centra en la figura de emprendedores y empresarios que alimentan el mercado de empresas. De...

El reconocimiento de oportunidades emprendedoras (ROE) constituye uno de los hitos más relevantes del proceso emprendedor y está implícito en el desarrollo de innovaciones. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar los factores que afectan a la capacidad de ROE de las spin-off académicas y su efecto sobre el desempeño innovador de estas empre...

This paper has been designed to analyse the impact of the structure of social networks on academic spin-offs' entrepreneurial orientation. We have specifically focus on both size and frequency of three different types of social networks: informal networks (composed of family and friends); market networks (composed of agents belonging to the busines...

Based on arguments from network research, academic entrepreneurship literature, and knowledgebased theory, this article applies a contingency approach to analyze, in the context of academic spinoffs (ASOs), the relationship between the size and the frequency of contacts of the industry network and the three components of the knowledge conversion ca...

This chapter has been designed with the purpose of providing a theoretical approach regarding the influence of both the composition of academic spin-offs’ management teams and the entrepreneurial orientation exhibited by such firms on the performance of academic spin-offs. To this end, we have drawn on the main theoretical premises of the upper ech...

Internationalization and academic entrepreneurship have been receiving a lot of attention not only in academic research but also in policy practice. While academic spin-offs suffer from limited resources and lack of entrepreneurial skills, they often penetrate international market through their innovative products and technology since the very earl...

The empirical evidence devoted to analyze the impact of perceptual factors in explaining the differences in the entrepreneurial intention of men and women is still limited and not entirely conclusive (Shinnar et al., 2012; Wilson et al., 2009). This non-conclusive research is significantly more noteworthy when the analysis is focused on the entrepr...

This research has been designed with the purpose of analysing the influence of both the composition of academic spin-offs’ management teams and the potential conflict emerged within such teams on the degree of entrepreneurial orientation exhibited by academic spin-offs. To this end, we have used the upper echelon theory as theoretical background an...

The objectives of this research are to identify theoretically the resources and competences critical for ASO development, and to analyse empirically the actors from the academic and market contexts who supply them at two stages of development: creation and initial development and consolidation stages. Departing from the resource-based view, path de...

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of two categories of conflict antecedents – input and behavior antecedents – on the level of relationship conflict (RC) in top management teams (TMTs). The authors apply a process view to conflict, and consider that the effect of the input antecedents on RC may be mediated by a behavioral...

This study analyses the influence of board composition on companies' innovation in the Spanish corporate governance system. Drawing from a multi-theoretical perspective, the analysis shows the moderating effect of board member stock ownership on the relationship between board composition and innovation. Using secondary data from a sample of Spanish...

Este trabajo propone un modelo de gestión de los equipos directivos de las joint ventures (JVs) bajo un enfoque de dirección de recursos humanos. La problemática que presentan estos equipos y las características de las JVs, justifican la necesidad de combinar prácticas de gestión bajo los enfoques de control, de gestión de la diversidad y de conoci...

We propose a model for managing the senior executive teams of the joint ventures (JVs), under the perspective of human resources management. Because of the particular problems posed by the typical nature of these teams and the characteristics of JVs, it is necessary to combine the approaches of control, the management of diversity and knowledge man...

This article analyses how the intrapreneur’s demographic characteristics and personal values influence innovation performance in small creative firms. We demonstrate that the intrapreneur’s previous experience in developing and commercializing creative products and services, together with an entrepreneurial value system (EVS), constitute characteri...

The aim of this paper is to explain and to test empirically how human resource management (HRM) practices contribute to knowledge sharing and innovation through employees' affective commitment. Results show that HRM practices do not influence knowledge sharing in a direct way, but they do have a positive effect when affective commitment mediates th...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze how the educational level and diversity of a firm's top management team (TMT), moderated by strategic consensus, influence its innovation performance. Design/methodology/approach Using Poisson regression analysis, the proposed models were tested on 97 innovative Spanish firms selected from the Dun an...

This paper pursues two aims. Firstly, to indentify knowledge sharing enablers, and secondly, to analyze the effect of knowledge sharing processes on innovation performance. Regarding the first aim, two groups of factors have been considered: motivational factors, such as affective commitment and high involvement human resource management practices;...

This paper pursues two aims. Firstly, to indentify knowledge sharing enablers, and secondly, to analyze the effect of knowledge sharing processes on innovation performance. Regarding the first aim, two groups of factors have been considered: motivational factors, such as affective commitment and high involvement human resource management practices;...

This paper analyses how the composition and ownership structure of boards of directors affect firms' R&D investments. Most research on the impact of the board focuses on corporate performance in an Anglo‐American context. This study explores the influence of the board on R&D investments in the Spanish corporate governance system, which is different...

Este trabajo persigue un doble objetivo. Por un lado, identificar facilitadores del proceso de compartir conocimiento, y por otro, analizar el efecto de dicho proceso sobre el desempeño innovador. Con respecto al primer objetivo, se han considerado dos grupos de facilitadores: factores motivacionales, como el compromiso afectivo y las prácticas de...

The purpose of this paper is to empirically demonstrate that choosing between markets or entrepreneurial orientations can have a direct influence on the provenance (internal or external) of the knowledge required for innovation and indirectly on the radicalness of this innovation and the innovative capability of organisations. With this aim, we unp...

The objective of the article is to analyse whether the strategic vision of the top management team (TMT) and the way employees working in teams are rewarded and assessed affect companies' innovation performance. The study was carried out on a sample of 97 Spanish companies belonging to the three most innovative sectors based on number of patents re...

La mayoría de los estudios han tratado de identifi car y analizar las características que los equipos de alta dirección han de poseer al objeto de promover la innovación en las organizaciones. Sin embargo, los análisis se han desarrollado de forma independiente, obviando tanto el efecto que las características de los equipos pudieran tener conjunta...

Purpose This work has three main objectives – to analyse whether the strategic vision of the top management team (TMT) directly affects firms' innovation performance; to shed some light on which of the intrinsic characteristics of work teams proposed in the literature influence innovation; and to analyse the joint effect that the TMT's vision and t...

Purpose – The aim of this research is two‐fold: to examine the effects of certain characteristics of top management teams (TMTs) on innovative performance in their companies; and to determine if this influence is direct or if it is influenced by other factors, such as the existence of strategic consensus in the team. Design/methodology/approach –...

Este estudio examina la influencia de la diversidad demográfica de los equipos de alta dirección (EAD) y de los procesos de búsqueda de acuerdos en la formación de visiones estratégicas innovadoras. A partir de una muestra de 130 empresas, pertenecientes a sectores innovadores, los resultados del análisis señalan que la diversidad del equipo, por s...

There is no shortage of literature studying the relationships between the various processes of human resources management, considered individually, and the strategy of the company. Nevertheless, studies that adopt a joint approach are scarce. In this study, working from the universalist, contingent and configurational perspectives, we seek to ident...

The knowledge-based theory argues that the strategy of internal diversification reflects a process of branching-out, combination and transformation of the organization’s traditional knowledge bases. From this theory, this paper has the purpose to describe the cycles and phases in the process of knowledge creation that lead to the creation of new kn...

To obtain a sustainable competitive advantage, companies must analyze the resources and capacities they possess in order to select strategies likely to offer the best returns. Therefore, the consistency that exists between a company's set of resources and capacities and its strategic orientation has constituted a fundamental subject of study in str...

La gestión de los recursos humanos ha sufrido diferentes fases o etapas en su evolución que pueden relacionarse con la experimentada sobre la concepción que se ha tenido del individuo y su comportamiento en las organizaciones. En las últimas décadas, la perspectiva estratégica ha llevado a la necesidad de analizar en qué medida la gestión de estos...

The relationship between the degree and typology of innovation and corporate performance has been extensively treated from the Management's literature. Although the empirical contributions do not have similar conclusions on the direction or nature of the relationship between these variables. The aim of this paper is to increase the knowledge on the...

Los determinantes de la estrategia de diversificación interna -- Los inductores a la diversificación interna -- Los procesos y los factores de éxito en la implantación de la estrategia de diversificación interna