
Carlos PeraltaDanish Meteorological Institute | DMI · Model development
Carlos Peralta
PhD
About
75
Publications
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6,189
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Introduction
Additional affiliations
July 2015 - October 2018
Enercon GmbH
Position
- Developer for meteorological simulations
July 2011 - July 2015
Education
June 2002 - March 2007
Publications
Publications (75)
This article describes a study in which modellers were challenged to compute the wind field at a forested site with moderately complex topography. The task was to model the wind field in stationary conditions with neutral stratification by using the wind velocity measured at 100 m at a metmast as the only reference. Detailed maps of terrain elevati...
This article presents a review on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) applied to urban wind energy exploitation. The content comprises technical CFD aspects relevant for this application and the current state-of-the-art in building aerodynamics applied to urban wind energy. The majority of studies (more than 50% of the respective criteria) used Reyn...
A new industrial methodology for CFD-based site assessment is presented. It is based on a steady state two equation RANS model and includes the effect of Coriolis force, forests and buoyancy in the equations for turbulence. The computational results are validated with Monin-Obukhov similarity theory, the Høvsøre meteorological mast and one real sit...
This article describes a study where modellers were challenged to compute the wind at aforested site with moderately complex topography. The target was to match the measured windprofile at one exact location for three directions. The input to the modellers consisted of detailedinformation of forest densities and ground height derived from Airborne...
In this paper results obtained from two CFD solvers, WindSim and OpenFOAM, have been compared for the wind flow around the University of Mauritius’s campus for different wind directions, and a reference incident wind speed at diverse height above ground level. A grid resolution study is performed for both software and the mean differences of the tw...
Urban wind energy exploitation is an important topic for smart sustainable cities. The present investigation is a step in this direction, considering the latest advances in building aerodynamics, identifying and analyzing the optimum building-roof shape for the urban wind energy exploitation. This investigation focusses in two aspects: the isolated...
The analysis of the wind flow around buildings is of great interest in the field of renewable energies. This work presents an investigation of the effects of roof-mounted solar panels on the wind flow on building roofs, from the point of view of the wind energy exploitation. CFD simulations of the wind flow around an isolated building are performed...
The Rio Grande do Sul state, in Southern Brazil, is one of the most favorable regions for wind energy exploitation. Therefore, we evaluate mesoscale model's short term (several days) high resolution simulations, analyzing the potential wind power at two levels, 50 and 150 m. We compare the results with a wind atlas study from the Brazilian Wind Ene...
The analysis of the wind flow around buildings has a great interest from the point of view of the wind energy assessment, pollutant dispersion control, natural ventilation and pedestrians wind comfort and safety. Since LES turbulence models are computationally time consuming when applied to real geometries, RANS models are still widely used. Howeve...
The European program HORIZON2020 aims to have 20% of electricity produced by renewable sources. The building sector represents 40% of the European Union energy consumption. Reducing energy consumption in buildings is therefore a priority for energy efficiency. The present investigation explores the most adequate roof shapes compatible with the plac...
The analysis of the wind flow around buildings has a great interest from the point of view of the wind
energy assessment, pollutant dispersion control, natural ventilation and pedestrians wind comfort and
safety. Since LES turbulence models are computationally time consuming when applied to real geome-
tries, RANS models are still widely used. Howe...
The IEA Task 31 Wakebench is setting up a framework for the evaluation of wind farm flow models operating at microscale level. The framework consists on a model evaluation protocol integrated on a web-based portal for model benchmarking (www.windbench.net). This paper provides an overview of the building-block validation approach applied to flow-ov...
The most common approach to the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) in complex terrain assumes the flow to be incompressible, steady-state and turbulent. Therefore, the problem is set in terms of the Reynold Averaged Navier Stokes equations (RANS), where the turbulent effects are usually modelled by...
We validate the simpleFoam (RANS) solver in OpenFOAM (version 2.1.1) for simulating neutral atmospheric boundary layer flows in complex terrain. Initial and boundary conditions are given using Richards and Hoxey proposal [1]. In order to obtain stable simulation of the ABL, modified wall functions are used to set the near-wall boundary conditions,...
Nearly a century after Einstein first predicted the existence of gravitational waves, a global network of Earth-based gravitational wave observatories1, 2, 3, 4 is seeking to directly detect this faint radiation using precision laser interferometry. Photon shot noise, due to the quantum nature of light, imposes a fundamental limit on the attometre-...
We present a possible observing scenario for the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo gravitational wave detectors over the next decade, with the intention of providing information to the astronomy community to facilitate planning for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves. We determine the expected sensitivity of the network to transient g...
We validate the simpleFoam (RANS) solver in OpenFOAM (version 2.1.1)
for simulating neutral atmospheric boundary layer flows in complex terrain. Initial and
boundary conditions are given using Richards and Hoxey proposal [1]. In order to obtain
stable simulation of the ABL, modified wall functions are used to set the near-wall boundary
conditions,...
We employ Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) solvers for performing
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of a neutral atmospheric boundary layer
(ABL) for a wind farm located on a complex terrain. We also consider the influence of
an adjacent hill/forest on the performance of the wind farm. We study an incompressible,
isothermal, stat...
We present the first modeled search for gravitational waves using the complete binary black-hole gravitational waveform from inspiral through the merger and ringdown for binaries with negligible component spin. We searched approximately 2 years of LIGO data, taken between November 2005 and September 2007, for systems with component masses of 1–99M⊙...
We report the development of a new library for the open source software Open-
FOAM that can be used for the automated generation of structured meshes. The
library provides tools for the organization of a large number of blocks and is used
prior to OpenFOAM’s native block mesher blockMesh. We furthermore present
two example tools that address typica...
Abadie, J. Abbott, B. P. Abbott, R. Abernathy, M. Accadia, T. Acernese, F. Adams, C. Adhikari, R. Ajith, P. Allen, B. Allen, G. S. Ceron, E. Amador Amin, R. S. Anderson, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Antonucci, F. Arain, M. A. Araya, M. C. Aronsson, M. Aso, Y. Aston, S. M. Astone, P. Atkinson, D. Aufmuth, P. Aulbert, C. Babak, S. Baker, P. Ballardin, G. Ba...
Abadie, J. Abbott, B. P. Abbott, R. Abernathy, M. Accadia, T. Acernese, F. Adams, C. Adhikari, R. Ajith, P. Allen, B. Allen, G. Ceron, E. Amador Amin, R. S. Anderson, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Antonucci, F. Arain, M. A. Araya, M. Aronsson, M. Arun, K. G. Aso, Y. Aston, S. Astone, P. Atkinson, D. E. Aufmuth, P. Aulbert, C. Babak, S. Baker, P. Ballardin,...
This study describes the experimental setup of an atmospheric ensemble
prediction system (EPS) based on a high resolution numerical weather
prediction model developed at Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD). The focus is
set on uncertainties of initial conditions, and how to combine them with
perturbations of the boundary conditions and model physics varia...
Aims: A transient astrophysical event observed in both
gravitational wave (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) channels would yield
rich scientific rewards. A first program initiating EM follow-ups to
possible transient GW events has been developed and exercised by the
LIGO and Virgo community in association with several partners. In this
paper, we descri...
Aims: A transient astrophysical event observed in both
gravitational wave (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) channels would yield
rich scientific rewards. A first program initiating EM follow-ups to
possible transient GW events has been developed and exercised by the
LIGO and Virgo community in association with several partners. In this
paper, we descri...
We present the results of a LIGO search for gravitational waves (GWs)
associated with GRB 051103, a short-duration hard-spectrum gamma-ray burst
(GRB) whose electromagnetically determined sky position is coincident with the
spiral galaxy M81, which is 3.6 Mpc from Earth. Possible progenitors for
short-hard GRBs include compact object mergers and so...
Abadie, J. Abbott, B. P. Abbott, R. Abernathy, M. Accadia, T. Acernese, F. Adams, C. Adhikari, R. Ajith, P. Allen, B. Allen, G. Ceron, E. Amador Amin, R. S. Anderson, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Antonucci, F. Arain, M. A. Araya, M. Aronsson, M. Arun, K. G. Aso, Y. Aston, S. Astone, P. Atkinson, D. E. Aufmuth, P. Aulbert, C. Babak, S. Baker, P. Ballardin,...
We report on a search for gravitational waves from coalescing compact binaries using LIGO and Virgo observations between July 7, 2009, and October 20, 2010. We searched for signals from binaries with total mass between 2 and 25M this includes binary neutron stars, binary black holes, and binaries consisting of a black hole and neutron star. The det...
We report on an all-sky search for periodic gravitational waves in the
frequency band 50-800 Hz and with the frequency time derivative in the range of
0 through -6e-9 Hz/s. Such a signal could be produced by a nearby spinning and
slightly non-axisymmetric isolated neutron star in our galaxy. After recent
improvements in the search program that yiel...
Aims. A transient astrophysical event observed in both gravitational wave
(GW) and electromagnetic (EM) channels would yield rich scientific rewards. A
first program initiating EM follow-ups to possible transient GW events has been
developed and exercised by the LIGO and Virgo community in association with
several partners. In this paper, we descri...
Around the globe several observatories are seeking the first direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs). These waves are predicted by Einstein's general theory of relativity and are generated, for example, by black-hole binary systems. Present GW detectors are Michelson-type kilometre-scale laser interferometers measuring the distance changes be...
We present direct upper limits on continuous gravitational wave emission from the Vela pulsar using data from the Virgo detector's second science run. These upper limits have been obtained using three independent methods that assume the gravitational wave emission follows the radio timing. Two of the methods produce frequentist upper limits for an...
Soft gamma repeaters (SGRs) and anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) are thought to be magnetars: neutron stars powered by extreme magnetic fields. These rare objects are characterized by repeated and sometimes spectacular gamma-ray bursts. The burst mechanism might involve crustal fractures and excitation of non-radial modes which would emit gravitation...
We present direct upper limits on continuous gravitational wave emission from
the Vela pulsar using data from the Virgo detector's second science run. These
upper limits have been obtained using three independent methods that assume the
gravitational wave emission follows the radio timing. Two of the methods
produce frequentist upper limits for an...
We present the first modeled search for gravitational waves using the
complete binary black hole gravitational waveform from inspiral through the
merger and ringdown for binaries with negligible component spin. We searched
approximately 2 years of LIGO data taken between November 2005 and September
2007 for systems with component masses of 1-99 sol...
The physical mechanisms responsible for pulsar timing glitches are thought to excite quasinormal mode oscillations in their parent neutron star that couple to gravitational-wave emission. In August 2006, a timing glitch was observed in the radio emission of PSR B0833-45, the Vela pulsar. At the time of the glitch, the two colocated Hanford gravitat...
Soft gamma repeaters (SGRs) and anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) are thought to
be magnetars: neutron stars powered by extreme magnetic fields. These rare
objects are characterized by repeated and sometimes spectacular gamma-ray
bursts. The burst mechanism might involve crustal fractures and excitation of
non-radial modes which would emit gravitation...
The physical mechanisms responsible for pulsar timing glitches are thought to
excite quasi-normal mode oscillations in their parent neutron star that couple
to gravitational wave emission. In August 2006, a timing glitch was observed in
the radio emission of PSR B0833-45, the Vela pulsar. At the time of the glitch,
the two co-located Hanford gravit...
We report the results of the first search for gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence using data from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory and Virgo detectors. Five months of data were collected during the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory’s S5 and Virgo’s VSR1 science runs. The search focused on sig...
The numerical weather prediction model COSMO-DE is a configuration of the COSMO model with a horizontal grid size of 2.8 km. It has been running operationally at DWD since 2007, it covers the area of Germany and produces forecasts with a lead time of 0-21 hours. The model COSMO-DE is convection-permitting, which means that it does without a paramet...
The Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) is a network of three detectors built to detect local perturbations in the space-time metric from astrophysical sources. These detectors, two in Hanford, WA and one in Livingston, LA, are power-recycled Fabry-Perot Michelson interferometers. In their fifth science run (S5), between Nove...
We present a search for periodic gravitational waves from the neutron star in the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A. The search coherently analyzes data in a 12 day interval taken from the fifth science run of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory. It searches gravitational-wave frequencies from 100 to 300 Hz and covers a wide range...
Progenitor scenarios for short gamma-ray bursts (short GRBs) include coalescenses of two neutron stars or a neutron star and black hole, which would necessarily be accompanied by the emission of strong gravitational waves. We present a search for these known gravitational-wave signatures in temporal and directional coincidence with 22 GRBs that had...
We apply the postquasistatic approximation, an iterative method for the evolution of self-gravitating spheres of matter, to study the evolution of dissipative and electrically charged distributions in General Relativity. We evolve nonadiabatic distributions assuming an equation of state that accounts for the anisotropy induced by the electric charg...
We apply the postquasistatic approximation, an iterative method for the evolution of self-gravitating spheres of matter, to study the evolution of anisotropic nonadiabatic radiating and dissipative distributions in general relativity. Dissipation is described by viscosity and free-streaming radiation, assuming an equation of state to model anisotro...
We apply the postquasistatic approximation to study the evolution of spherically symmetric fluid distributions undergoing dissipation in the form of radial heat flow. For a model which corresponds to an incompressible fluid departing from the static equilibrium, it is not possible to go far from the initial state after the emission of a small amoun...
We present an up-to-date, comprehensive summary of the rates for all types of compact binary co-alescence sources detectable by the Initial and Advanced versions of the ground-based gravitational-wave detectors LIGO and Virgo. Astrophysical estimates for compact-binary coalescence rates depend on a number of assumptions and unknown model parameters...
We present an up-to-date, comprehensive summary of the rates for all types of
compact binary coalescence sources detectable by the Initial and Advanced
versions of the ground-based gravitational-wave detectors LIGO and Virgo.
Astrophysical estimates for compact-binary coalescence rates depend on a number
of assumptions and unknown model parameters,...
We summarize the sensitivity achieved by the LIGO and Virgo gravitational
wave detectors for compact binary coalescence (CBC) searches during LIGO's
fifth science run and Virgo's first science run. We present noise spectral
density curves for each of the four detectors that operated during these
science runs which are representative of the typical...
We present results from an all-sky search for unmodeled gravitational-wave bursts in the data collected by the LIGO, GEO 600 and Virgo detectors between November 2006 and October 2007. The search is performed by three different analysis algorithms over the frequency band 50-6000 Hz. Data are analyzed for times with at least two of the four LIGO-Vir...
Progenitor scenarios for short gamma-ray bursts (short GRBs) include
coalescenses of two neutron stars or a neutron star and black hole, which would
necessarily be accompanied by the emission of strong gravitational waves. We
present a search for these known gravitational-wave signatures in temporal and
directional coincidence with 22 GRBs that had...
Progenitor scenarios for short gamma-ray bursts (short
GRBs) include coalescenses of two neutron stars or a
neutron star and black hole, which would necessarily be
accompanied by the emission of strong gravitational waves.
We present a search for these known gravitational-wave
signatures in temporal and directional coincidence with 22
GRBs that had...
We report the results of the first search for gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence using data from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory and Virgo detectors. Five months of data were collected during the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory's S5 and Virgo's VSR1 science runs. The search focused on sig...
(Abridged.) The mean-square current quadrupole moment associated with vorticity fluctuations in high-Reynolds-number turbulence in a differentially rotating neutron star is calculated analytically, as are the amplitude and decoherence time of the resulting, stochastic gravitational wave signal. The calculation resolves the subtle question of whethe...
Experimental and numerical evidence is reviewed for the existence of a
Stewartson layer in spherical Couette flow at small Ekman and Rossby numbers
($\Ek \lsim 10^{-3}$, $\Ro \lsim 10^{-2}$), the relevant hydrodynamic regime in
the superfluid outer core of a neutron star. Numerical simulations of a
superfluid Stewartson layer are presented for the...
We solve numerically for the first time the two-fluid, Hall--Vinen--Bekarevich--Khalatnikov (HVBK) equations for a He-II-like superfluid contained in a differentially rotating, spherical shell, generalizing previous simulations of viscous spherical Couette flow (SCF) and superfluid Taylor--Couette flow. In axisymmetric superfluid SCF, the number of...
Numerical simulations of the laminar flow past a rotating sphere are considered for Reynolds numbers Re = 100 and 250, which for a stationary sphere covers the steady axisymmetric and steady planar-symmetric regimes. The non-dimensional rotation speeds Ω∗ = 0.05, 0.20, 0.50 and 1.00 are considered, where Ω∗ is the maximum surface velocity normalize...
Experimental evidence is reviewed for the existence of superfluid turbulence in a differentially rotating, spherical shell at high Reynolds numbers ($\Rey\gsim 10^3$), such as the outer core of a neutron star. It is shown that torque variability increases with $\Rey$, suggesting that glitch activity in radio pulsars may be a function of $\Rey$ as w...
We test statistically the hypothesis that radio pulsar glitches result from an avalanche process, in which angular momentum is transferred erratically from the flywheel-like superfluid in the star to the slowly decelerating, solid crust via spatially connected chains of local, impulsive, threshold-activated events, so that the system fluctuates aro...
We test statistically the hypothesis that radio pulsar glitches result from an avalanche process, in which angular momentum is transferred erratically from the flywheel-like superfluid in the star to the slowly decelerating, solid crust via spatially connected chains of local, impulsive, threshold-activated events, so that the system fluctuates aro...
Accreting neutron stars spinning at near-kHz frequencies are thought to
be strong gravitational wave (GW) emitters. X-ray timing experiments
reveal a dearth of such objects spinning near break up, suggesting that
GW emission stalls recycling by accretion. We present recent numerical
modeling of two new GW emission mechanisms in this class of source...
We investigate the global transition from a turbulent state of superfluid vorticity to a laminar state, and vice versa, in the outer core of a neutron star. By solving numerically the hydrodynamic Hall-Vinen-Bekarevich-Khalatnikov equations for a rotating superfluid in a differentially rotating spherical shell, we find that the meridional counterfl...
The gravitational wave signal generated by global, nonaxisymmetric shear
flows in a neutron star is calculated numerically by integrating the
incompressible Navier--Stokes equation in a spherical, differentially rotating
shell. At Reynolds numbers $\Rey \gsim 3 \times 10^{3}$, the laminar Stokes
flow is unstable and helical, oscillating Taylor--G\"...
The gravitational wave signal generated by global, nonaxisymmetric shear flows in a neutron star is calculated numerically by integrating the incompressible Navier--Stokes equation in a spherical, differentially rotating shell. At Reynolds numbers $\Rey \gsim 3 \times 10^{3}$, the laminar Stokes flow is unstable and helical, oscillating Taylor--G\"...