Carlos Henrique Grohmann

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Verified

Carlos verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

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• D.Sc. (PhD)
• Professor (Full) at University of São Paulo

Production and validation of an open global ensemble digital terrain model (GEDTM30) and derived land surface parameters at ∼30 m spatial resolution is described. Copernicus DEM, ALOS World3D, and object height models were combined in a data fusion approach to generate a globally consistent DTM. This DTM was then used to compute 15 standard land su...

Understanding the extent and implications of microplastic (MP) pollution along the São Paulo State coastline in southeastern Brazil is crucial, considering the significant environmental burden imposed by industrial and port activities in this region. This research aims to understand the complex dynamics of MP deposition on sandy beaches, which pose...

The São Francisco River in Northeast Brazil has seen hydrological and morphological changes due to extensive damming and climate change over the past century. In this study, we examine the influence of human activities and natural fluctuations in precipitation on the hydrological patterns of the basin and the morphological responses of the lower co...

In February 2023, anomalously heavy rainfall caused widespread landslides in the coastal city of São Sebastião (Southeastern Brazil). This report describes the first version of a landslide inventory dataset for this event. The inventory is primarily based on the analysis of aerial images with 10 cm spatial resolution acquired immediately after the...

Landslide susceptibility shows the spatial likelihood of landslide occurrence in a specific geographical area and is a relevant tool for mitigating the impact of landslides worldwide. As such, it is the subject of countless scientific studies. Many methods exist for generating a susceptibility map, mostly falling under the definition of statistical...

At least 10 global digital elevation models (DEMs) at one-arc-second resolution now cover Earth. Comparing derived grids, like slope or curvature, preserves surface spatial relationships, and can be more important than just elevation values. Such comparisons provide more nuanced DEM rankings than just elevation root mean square error (RMSE) for a s...

The authors would like to clarify some information related to the results of the analysis. They are presented in the corrections below: 1. We updated the Highlights to: “Since 2005, there has been an increase of 1 Mha in the forest area, partly in new and small fragments (1 ha).” 2. We updated the text presented in Results. Our analyses showed a...

Uma ferramenta bastante utilizada atualmente é a classificação de cobertura do solo, em vários campos da ciência. Com o avanço das técnicas de sensoriamento remoto, pode-se utilizar resoluções melhores de imagens, e com isso a acurácia da classificação melhora. Este trabalho utiliza imagens do satélite World-View 3 para a classificação supervisiona...

In contrast to traditional beach profiling methods like topographic surveys and GNSS, which pose significant challenges in terms of cost and time, this research underscores the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and simplicity of terrestrial photogrammetry employing the Structure from Motion-Multi View Stereo (SfM-MVS) method. Notably, this approach e...

The exploitation of natural resources is of concern because economic growth results in negative impacts on environmental balance. This study analyzed the spatio-temporal changes in land cover and land use (LULC) in the Araranguá River Watershed (ARW), southern of Santa Catarina state, south Brazil, in the period of 2016-2023. Images from the Sentin...

The Atlantic Forest in South America (AF) is one of the world's most diverse and threatened biodiversity hot-spots. We present a comprehensive spatiotemporal analysis of 34 years of AF landscape change between 1986 and 2020. We analyzed landscape metrics of forest vegetation only (FV), forest plus other natural vegetation (NV), and the sensitivity...

We present a practical approach to inter-compare a range of candidate digital elevation models (DEMs) based on pre-defined criteria and statistically sound ranking approach. The presented approach integrates the randomized complete block design (RCBD) into a novel framework for DEMs comparison. The method presented provides a flexible, statisticall...

Space is one of the main drivers of biodiversity, once it regulates the underlying processes affecting the distribution and dynamics of species. It is a fundamental factor in face of the rapid climate and land use and land cover changes at local and global scales, which are linked to habitat loss and fragmentation and their impacts on various organ...

Landslides are among the most frequent hazards in Latin America and the world. In Brazil, they occur every year and cause economic and social loss. Landslide inventories are essential for assessing susceptibility, vulnerability, and risk. Over the decades, a variety of mapping approaches have been employed for the detection of landslides using Eart...

The Atlantic Forest in South America (AF) is one of the world’s most diverse and threatened biodiversity hotspots. We present a comprehensive spatiotemporal analysis of 34 years of AF landscape change between 1986-2020. We analyzed landscape metrics of forest vegetation only (FV), forest plus other natural vegetation (NV), and investigated the sens...

Debris flows are one of Brazil's most frequent mass movement processes, triggered by extreme rainfall events and initial volume provided by shallow landslides. Despite the recurrence of catastrophic occurrences, Brazil still lacks basic data containing the main characteristics of previous events. In this way, this research aimed to make a morphomet...

As the interface between land and water, coastlines are highly dynamic and intricately tied to the sediment budget. These regions have a high functional diversity and require enlightened management to preserve their value for the future. In this study we assess changes to the São Paulo State (SE Brazil) coastline over the last 36 years. The study i...

Mass movement mapping is essential for susceptibility, vulnerability and risk assessments. Various mapping approaches based on Earth observation (EO) data have been used to identify different types of hazards. Object-based image analysis (OBIA) has been employed for EO-based landslide mapping worldwide. The development and application of efficient...

A estimativa de biomassa, com base em dados de sensoriamento desempenha um importante papel a respeito da quantificação da matéria vegetal, tanto de florestas primárias quanto de florestas secundárias ou fragmentadas. Por isso, o objetivo central deste trabalho é mostrar a distribuição da biomassa vegetal e o fluxo de carbono na sub-bacia do rio...

A estimativa de biomassa, com base em dados de sensoriamento desempenha um importante papel a respeito da quantificação da matéria vegetal, tanto de florestas primárias quanto de florestas secundárias ou fragmentadas. Por isso, o objetivo central deste trabalho é mostrar a distribuição da biomassa vegetal e o fluxo de carbono na sub-bacia do rio Pi...

Introdução e Objetivo. O objetivo deste artigo é compilar os principais conhecimentos teóricos relacionados a disciplina ou atividades de mapeamento geológico, que exigem que os estudantes desenvolvam habilidades para integrar informações de diversas outras áreas do saber, bem como lidar com escalas de espaço e de tempo muito variadas. Metodologia....

This paper presents a multi-temporal comparison of high-resolution 3D digital models from two urban areas susceptible to landslides in three time periods. The study areas belong to the São Paulo landslide risk mapping database and are named “CEU Paz” (CP) and “Parque Santa Madalena I” (PSM). For each area, a lidar digital surface model (DSM) (2017)...

Landslides are destructive and recurrent natural disasters on steep slopes and represent a risk to lives and properties. Knowledge of relict landslides’ location is vital to understand their mechanisms, update inventory maps and improve risk assessment. However, relict landslide mapping is complex in tropical regions covered with rainforest vegetat...

We present the DEMIX `wine contest', a novel framework for a practical approach to inter-compare a range of candidate digital elevation models (DEMs) based on pre-defined criteria and a statistically sound ranking approach, known as the randomized complete block design (RCBD). Ranking a collection of wines or a set of DEMs from a given set of candi...

The Volta Grande do Xingu (VGX) in the Amazon Forest of Brazil was chosen to analyze the land use and land cover changes (LULCC) from 2000 to 2017, with the aim of assessing the most suitable classification method for the area. Three parametric (Mahalanobis distance, maximum likelihood and minimum distance) and three non-parametric (neural net, ran...

Remotely Piloted Aircrafts (RPAs) are commonly used as a platform for collecting images which can be processed with Structure from Motion-Multi View Stereo (SfM-MVS) to generate 3D models. However, mobile applications for mapping planning are not designed for image acquisition of vertical surfaces, such as quarry walls or large cliffs, leaving the...

Landslide susceptibility, the spatial likelihood of occurrence of landslides in a specific geographical area, is the subject of countless scientific publications. Different authors use heterogeneous data, and apply many different methods, mostly falling under the definition of statistical and/or machine learning approaches, with the common feature...

Abstract submission: https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU23/session/47046

We proposed a session called Benchmark datasets for landslide susceptibility zonation, available at the URL: 𝗵𝘁𝘁𝗽𝘀://𝗺𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗼𝗿𝗴𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗿.𝗰𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗶𝗰𝘂𝘀.𝗼𝗿𝗴/𝗘𝗚𝗨𝟮𝟯/𝘀𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻/𝟰𝟳𝟬𝟰𝟲 The only way to participate in this call for collaboration is to submit an abstract to the mentioned EGU 2023 session, and present the paper at the conference venue (either in Vien...

Gravitational mass movements are natural destructive processes that can cause enormous losses. New technologies such as laser scanning and remotely piloted aircrafts (RPA) along with photogrammetry technique Structure-from-Motion-Multi-View Stereo (SfM-MVS) photogrammetry technique provides an alternative to conventional mapping methods. A hill wit...

Remotely piloted aircrafts (RPAs) are becoming well-known for monitoring forest restoration (FR). Canopy cover percentage on a restoration site is a major indicator for the early phases of FR. We present a protocol to evaluate canopy cover using low-cost RPA and a friendly computational environment. We tested the protocol in six FR projects in the...

Spatial arrangement of distinct Amazonian environments through time and its effect on specialized biota remain poorly known, fueling long-lasting debates about drivers of biotic diversification. We address the late Quaternary sediment deposition that assembled the world's largest seasonally flooded ecosystems. Genome sequencing was used to reconstr...

Landslides are destructive and recurrent natural disasters on steep slopes and represent a risk to lives and properties. Knowledge of relict landslides' location is vital to understand their mechanisms, update inventory maps and improve risk assessment. However, relict landslide mapping is complex in tropical regions covered with rainforest vegetat...

Automatic landslide mapping is crucial for a fast response in a disaster scenario and for improving landslide susceptibility models. Recent studies highlighted the potential of deep learning methods for automatic landslide segmentation. However, only a few works discuss the generalization capacity of these models to segment landslides in areas that...

Event-based landslide inventories are essential sources to broaden our understanding of the causal relationship between triggering events and the occurring landslides. Moreover, detailed inventories are crucial for the succeeding phases of landslide risk studies like susceptibility and hazard assessment. The openly available inventories differ in t...

Aeronaves Remotamente Pilotadas (RPA, ou drones) possuem alto potencial para monitorar atividades de Restauração Florestal, tendo apresentado boa acurácia ao medir parâmetros estruturais da vegetação, mas ainda carecendo de maiores estudos quanto à medição automática do parâmetro biodiversidade. Em florestas em início de regeneração na Amazônia, a...

Monitoring the vegetation structure and species composition of forest restoration (FR) in the Brazilian Amazon is critical to ensuring its long-term benefits. Since remotely piloted aircrafts (RPAs) associated with deep learning (DL) are becoming powerful tools for vegetation monitoring, this study aims to use DL to automatically map individual cro...

Landslides have caused tremendous damage to human lives and property safety. However, the complex environment of mountain landslides and the vegetation coverage around landslides make it difficult to identify landslides quickly and efficiently using high-resolution images. To address this challenge, this article presents a feature-based constraint...

Abstract Landslide identification is important for understanding their conditioning factors, and for constructing susceptibility, risk, and vulnerability maps. In remote sensing this can be accomplished manually or through classifiers. This study compares three image classifiers (Maximum Likelihood, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machines (SVM))...

Landslide susceptibility studies are a common type of landslide assessment. Landslides are one of the most frequent hazards in Brazil, resulting in significant economic and social losses (e.g., deaths, injuries, and property destruction). This paper presents a literature review of susceptibility mapping studies in Brazil and analyzes the methods an...

Digital elevation models (DEMs) provide fundamental depictions of the three-dimensional shape of the Earth’s surface and are useful to a wide range of disciplines. Ideally, DEMs record the interface between the atmosphere and the lithosphere using a discrete two-dimensional grid, with complexities introduced by the intervening hydrosphere, cryosphe...

Statistical susceptibility assessment is a common approach applied worldwide for shallow landslide studies. Identification of morphological and geological conditions is essential and still incipient to evaluate the susceptibility of landslide events in the Brazilian territory. This study aimed to develop and compare shallow landslide susceptibility...

This paper presents an initiative recently launched under the auspices of the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) aiming at providing harmonised terminology and methods, as well as practical guidelines and results allowing the intercomparison of continental or global Digital Elevation Models (DEM). As the work is still ongoing the main...

Traditional forest restoration (FR) monitoring methods employ spreadsheets and photos taken at the ground level. Since remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) generate a panoramic high resolution and georeferenced view of the entire area of interest, this technology has high potential to improve the traditional FR monitoring methods. This study evaluates h...

Forests worldwide are facing increasingly frequent climate extremes due to global warming. The negative effects of climate change on tropical forests have been extensively reported by both permanent plots and tree-ring studies that targeted forest's responses to climate. While they focus mostly on community and population levels, the effects of lan...

Aim There is little consensus on which environmental variables are best at predicting multiple dimensions of diversity. We ask whether there are common environmental correlates of diversity, despite ecological differences, across nine clades of plants and animals distributed along a single rainforest domain. For that, we compare the environmental c...

Shallow landslides are one of the most frequent mass movements in Brazil. Methods to study this kind of process and for construction of shallow landslide inventories are heterogeneous, since there are no standardized mapping guidelines in Brazil. The aim of this paper is to review the methodologies mostly used for shallow landslide inventories cons...

This study aims to assess the land use and land cover change through the use of three pixel-based methods of image classification (Mahalanobis, Maximum Likelihood, and Minimum Distance) in the region of Volta Grande do Xingu (Brazilian Amazon), under influence of the Belo Monte hydroelectric power plant. Different pixel-based classification methods...

The scope of this work is to carry out a morphometric analysis of Pluto’s impact craters. A global Pluto digital elevation model (DEM) with a resolution of 300 m/px, created from stereoscopic pairs obtained by the New Horizons Mission, was used to extract the morphometric data of craters. Pluto’s surface was divided according to different morphomet...

Plastic found in the coastal zone is a result of waste mismanagement. This material comes directly from offshore disposal or by fishing debris, other marine activities, and by marine currents and winds, as well as urban drainage systems and estuaries. Specifically, in the case of plastic pellets, which are spheres with 2-5 mm that constitute the ra...

Plastic found in the coastal zone is a result of waste mismanagement. This material comes directly from offshore disposal or by fishing debris, other marine activities, and by marine currents and winds, as well as urban drainage systems and estuaries. Specifically, in the case of plastic pellets, which are spheres with 2-5 mm that constitute the ra...

Sand dunes are commonly regarded as a challenge to traditional photogrammetry due their homogeneous texture and spectral response. In this work we present an evaluation of Structure from Motion–Multi View Stereo (SfM-MVS) to obtain high-resolution elevation data of coastal sand dunes based on images acquired by Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA). A Di...

Landslide inventory maps are crucial to validate predictive landslide models; however, since most mapping methods rely on visual interpretation or expert knowledge, detailed inventory maps are still lacking. This study used a fully convolutional deep learning model named U-net to automatically segment landslides in the city of Nova Friburgo, locate...

Throughout the world, Restoration of Degraded Areas (RDA) is not only a global but also a local challenge. In this context, the Brazilian government committed itself to restore 12 million hectares of forests by 2030. RDA monitoring customarily depends on extensive fieldwork to collect data on all individuals planted. As Remotely Piloted Aircrafts (...

We present a new 52 m composite record (COL17c) composed of five sedimentary sequences retrieved from the Colônia basin (Southeastern Brazil). The COL17c record is composed of two main sub-units deposited under different regimes: a peatland above ∼14 m and lacustrine sediments below. Sedimentary description and core scanning (MSCL and XRF) are firs...

We identify key interdisciplinary questions and approaches to understanding the paleogeographic and biotic history of Amazonia. We discuss the importance of comparing evolutionary taxonomic units across groups and considering their particular environmental affinities as a framework for a mechanistic understanding of how the diversity of Amazonia wa...

Recent concerns about climate change and greenhouse gas emissions have a clear effect on the energy sector, directly affecting the use of fossil fuels. Companies and countries that depend on these sources of energy (so-called not clean) take actions to search for palliative solutions. The production of atlases of carbon capture and storage (CCS) is...

The origin of modern disjunct plant distributions in the Brazilian Highlands with strong floristic affinities to distant montane rainforests of isolated mountaintops in the northeast and northern Amazonia and the Guyana Shield remains unknown. We tested the hypothesis that these unexplained biogeographical patterns reflect former ecosystem rearrang...

The origin of modern disjunct plant distributions in the Brazilian Highlands with strong floristic affinities to distant montane rainforests of isolated mountaintops in the northeast and northern Amazonia and the Guyana Shield remains unknown. We tested the hypothesis that these unexplained biogeographical patterns reflect former ecosystem rearrang...

In this work, we present an analysis of dune migration and volume change of the Garopaba dune field, southern Brazil, based on Airborne LiDAR (ALS - 2010) and Structure from Motion-Multi View Stereo (SfM-MVS - 2019). The accuracy of the SfM-MVS reconstruction was validated by a comparison between Terrestrial LiDAR (TLS) and SfM-MVS DEMs. Elevation...

In this work a 3D digital model generated with SfM-MVS is used to investigate rock slope stability. The test site is a deactivated quarry used as recreational area for climbers. The model was divided in three sectors. Sector 1 has the least steep slope and structures are parallel to slope face. Sectors 2 and 3 have steeper slope angles and are pron...

This work proposes the application of two 3D digital models of rock surfaces generated through the SfM-MVS workflow to obtain surface parameters such as the surface roughness coefficient. Two case studies are presented: Model 1 ia a fault surface on a limestone and Model 2 is a fracture surface on a granite block. A Barton comb profilometer was use...

Gravitational mass movements like landslides are natural destructive processes that can cause enormous losses. Although crucial, identification and monitoring of such areas is time consuming and costly. New technologies such as laser scanning, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and Structure-from-Motion-Multi-View Stereo (SfM-MVS) photogrammetry provid...

UAV flight control applications designed for mapping, inspection and 3D model generation do not provide tools for autonomous flight and image acquisition of vertical surfaces, such as quarry walls or large cliffs, leaving the user to a manual flight operation. In this work we describe a workflow to program autonomous UAV missions designed to acquir...

This work presents a 1:10,000 geomorphological mapping of an area in southeastern Brazil, based on morphometric analysis of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), while classical methods focus on photo interpretation. Data derived from the DEM include elevation, slope gradient, slope aspect, vertical and horizontal curvatures, amplitude, elongation and w...

In the Amazonian lowlands, the shift from a large wetland dominated by flooded forests (Varzea) to the modern incised valleys bounded by extensive areas of non-flooded forests (Terra Firme) is considered a key driver of the Amazonian mega-biodiversity. Dating the sedimentary beds covered by Terra Firme forest is crucial to constrain the timing of s...

This work presents the development of a three-dimensional (3D) model of an outcrop of the Corumbataí Formation (Permian, Paraná Basin, Brazil) using Structure from Motion - Multi-View Stereo (SfM-MVS) technique in order to provide a structural analysis of clastic dikes cutting through siltstone layers. While traditional photogrammetry requires the...

This work presents a 1:10,000 geomorphological mapping of an area in southeastern Brazil, basedon morphometric analysis of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), while classical methods focus onphoto interpretation. Data derived from the DEM include elevation, slope gradient, slope aspect,vertical and horizontal curvatures, amplitude, elongation and wave...

This work presents the development of a three-dimensional model of an outcrop of the Corumbataí Formation using Structure from Motion and Multi-View Stereo (SfM-MVS) techniques in order to provide a structural analysis of clastic dikes cutting through siltstone layers. Composed mainly of fine sand and silt, these dikes are formed by sand intrusions...

This work presents the development of a three-dimensional model of an outcrop of the Corumbataí Formation using Structure from Motion and Multi-View Stereo (SfM-MVS) techniques in order to provide a structural analysis of clastic dikes cutting through siltstone layers. Composed mainly of fine sand and silt, these dikes are formed by sand intrusions...

The Amazon region hosts the world's largest watershed spanning from high elevation Andean terrains to lowland cratonic shield areas in tropical South America. This study explores variations in optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signals in suspended silt and riverbed sands retrieved from major Amazon...

This paper investigates differences between morphometric parameters (slope and aspect) derived from a resampled DEM and resampled morphometric data derived from a medium resolution DEM, with examples for three study areas in South America selected to represent flatlands, hilly terrain, and mountain ranges. Using a low resolution DEM for regional sc...

Editorial to the IJGIS Special Issue on "Geological applications of digital terrain analysis". In this volume, the modern advances in the field of geological terrain analysis are presented, while emphasis is given to the quantitative analysis of modern datasets.

In this work, we analyze how variation in cell size influences the volume calculated from Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) derived from a LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) survey in two coastal Late Holocene dune fields in southern Brazil. Cell size varied from 1 to 100 m. The RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) of the resampled DTMs from the original LiD...