Carlos Gómez González

• Senior Lecturer at University of Lausanne

In this paper, the authors empirically analyze the influence of the gender of the coach on team performance in women's soccer leagues. Moreover, the authors examine the role of initial experience of coaches (as professional players) as an attribute that converges with gender diversity and influence performance. The sample includes the top divisions...

Societies are increasingly multicultural and diverse, consisting of members who migrated from various other countries. However, immigrants and ethnic minorities often face discrimination in the form of fewer opportunities for labor and housing, as well as limitations on interactions in other social domains. Using mock email accounts with typical na...

This paper empirically examines how consumers react when a company marks a product with a gay label. The company under scrutiny is one of the largest video game developers in the world, and the labeled product is a popular video game character. We use a regression discontinuity design to exploit the quasi-experimental setting. The main finding was...

A rich literature shows that ethnic discrimination is an omnipresentand highly persistent phenomenon. Little is known, however, abouthow to reduce discrimination. This study reports the results of alarge-scale field experiment we ran together with the NorwegianFootball Federation. The federation sent an email to a randomselection of about 500 amate...

In this paper, we examine if a slight behavioural modification has an influence on discrimination. Specifically, we use a field experiment based on emails to observe if persistence increases the chances of joining a social group. We find that native- or foreign-sounding names are equally successful when being persistent. However, non-persistent ind...

Being physically active and engaging in sports activities are critical for improving health-,social-, and economic-related outcomes. Despite years of policy efforts, physical inactivity remainshigh, especially among specific demographic groups. This study focuses on gender andnationality differences in Spain. We use data from the 2020 Survey of Spo...

Whether one looks at revenue, investment or coverage, men’s sports do better than women’s. Many assume that absolute differences in quality of athletic performance are the driving force. However, the existence of stereotypes should alert us to another possibility: gender information might influence perceived quality. We perform an experiment in whi...

The number of foreign owners in football clubs has recently increased in Europe and especially in England. This study aims to analyze whether clubs owned by foreign investors show different parameters of sporting and managerial efficiency. We use data on expected performance (from betting odds), wage costs, and the results of football clubs in the...

We use three natural field experiments to examine anti-Semitism in Italy by sending email inquiries to amateur football clubs, landlords, and employers and comparing the response rates to emails sent with Jewish- and non-Jewish-sounding names. Italy is an interesting country as discrimination was heterogeneous and geographically unevenly distribute...

Whether one looks at revenue, investment, or coverage, men’s sports do better than women’s. Many assume that the differences are driven by absolute differences in quality of athletic performance. However, the existence of stereotypes should alert us to another possibility: What if perceived quality is filtered through gender stereotypes? We perform...

The data that professional sport generates, which is almost unparalleled in any other industry, provides a wealth of information for the economist to analyse. Sport offers economists the opportunity to study the behaviour, choices and outcomes of the decisions of players, referees, regulators and governments. Advances in Sports Economics is a coll...

Empirical studies show that first-and second-generation immigrants are less likely to be members of sports clubs than their non-immigrant peers. Common explanations are cultural differences and socioeconomic disadvantages. However, lower participation rates in amateur sport could be at least partly due to ethnic discrimination. Are minority ethnic...

This paper presents data of field experiments that analyze discrimination in amateur soccer. The studies created fake accounts and asked amateur soccer coaches to come for a trial practice. The fake accounts had either a native- or a foreign-sounding name. The dataset is based on three published studies that analyzed discrimination in 23 countries....

This article describes the content published in the Journal of Sports Economics (JSE) for its 20th anniversary. The analysis focuses on the most relevant topics and captures the characteristics of authors, institutions, and types of collaborations over a 20-year period. In total, the sample includes 663 research articles (published from February 20...

Whether one looks at revenue, public and private investment, or media coverage; men's sports consistently do better than women's sports. Many people argue that these differences are driven by absolute differences in the quality of athletes in men’s and women’s sports. We begin by noting that absolute differences in athletic skill often do not drive...

Taking advantage of football’s popularity, a field experiment was conducted on immigrants’ access to social activities. The experiment consisted of posing as football fans applying to take part in a trial training session for an amateur team and sending emails to coaches at over twenty thousand clubs all over Europe. Despite the applications being...

Decisions often reflect implicit biases. Ethnic, racial, and gender traits are associated with stereotypes that may influence the decision-making process. Previous research shows that referees’ decisions in men’s professional sports are often biased in favor of racial and nationalistic in-groups. This study examined if similar biases exist in women...

This study analyzes how the number of Black coaches in college basketball has evolved since 1947. The analysis puts a focus on the time period after 1973 when regulatory requirements changed and a new Division was established. The change in the number of Divisions created distorted conditions and led to a significant difference in the number of Bla...

OBJECTIVE: The ranking of countries in the Olympic Games generates a great deal of interest among analysts, academics, and fans. This article proposes an innovative approach to provide Olympic medals (gold, silver, and bronze) with different weights based on metrics of popularity and media visibility and create an alternative historical ranking. ME...

This study aims to analyse the tenure of head coaches in college women’s soccer in the USA and puts the focus on the influence of race and gender. The analysis includes individual characteristics of coaches (educational and professional background), team performance, institutional characteristics, and geographical differences (at the state level) f...

Today’s societies increasingly consist of members who migrated from other countries and regions, and their functioning depends heavily on integrating their diverse members. Interactions with the local population through social activities enhance integration. Despite its relevance, however, previous research has largely overlooked the role of the lo...

This study introduces a graphical methodology to the analysis of competitive balance in sports, which is prospective in nature and captures more subtleties than commonly-used retrospective measures. Thus, this study examines the evolution of competitive balance in Major League Soccer from 2004 to 2015, including the potential role played by certain...

Sports betting is an important industry that generates billions of euros of revenue in Europe, and attracts the attention of sports economists. The recent entry of new companies could influence the market regarding the prices (overround), and hence, cross-bookmaker arbitrage opportunities. This paper investigates the movements of major betting comp...

In this paper, we examine how the number of African American and White American coaches in college basketball evolved since 1947. Particularly, we focus on 1973 when the league split up. The separation created asymmetric regulatory requirements. This led to a significant difference in the number of African American coaches. The evidence suggests th...

We empirically compare the performance of female and male team managers. We find that female team managers never perform worse than male team managers and that females work under significantly worse conditions than males. Additionally, we find that specialized experience has no influence. Special- 1 ized experience means having worked previously as...

RESUMEN: La globalización imperante en las ligas de fútbol profesional ha condicionado muchos elementos de la gestión de estas competiciones en la actualidad. La necesidad de acercar los partidos a varios mercados a nivel mundial ha incrementado el número de partidos celebrados en días y franjas horarias extrañas en La Liga. Sin embargo, estos camb...

Studying the performance and efficiency of countries participating in the Olympic Games is a topic of interest in the area of economics and operations research. Commonly , efficiency in this area has been analyzed using outputs like number of medals, the number of medals weighted by category, and the number of diplomas, while the most common inputs...

The aim of this study was to determine the relevant management variables that explain the performance of Spanish football clubs in the First Division. To do so, a comprehensive analysis of the literature was carried out on the contents relating to the variables associated with the management of football clubs. Thereafter, the contents were grouped...

Purpose. The aim of this study is to analyse the influence of the environment on the financial performance in public sports agencies at the local level. Design/methodology/approach. The influence of the socio-demographic, socio-economic and political environment on the financial condition of municipal sports agencies in Spain from 2003 to 2011 was...

The aim of this study is to test the influence of soccer-specific stadiums on attendance figures in the Major League Soccer. For that purpose, we use a regression model that analyzes all regular season games from 2004 to 2014 (2538 observations). The logarithm of attendance is the dependent variable, while the type of stadium, uncertainty of outcom...