Carlos Canal

• University of Malaga

Smartphones have become highly personalized interfaces between people and the technology ecosystem around them. In this sense, they play a key role for a technology shift from the current Internet of Things to a future human-centric paradigm of an Internet of People, automatically adapting smart things and services to the preferences and context of...

Urban Digital Twins (UDTs) represent a powerful tool to effectively make cities smart. Over the last few years, the interest in the social aspects of smart cities is growing fast. For this reason, citizens must be considered as first-class entities in UDTs. At the same time, citizens’ privacy cannot be compromised. In this paper, we propose to inte...

Urban Digital Twins (UDT) represent a powerful tool to effectively make cities smart. Generally, UDTs are linked with other Digital Twins to build ecosystems where the citizen is at the heart of the ecosystem. This is why citizens should be considered first-class entities in the UDTs. At the same time, citizens’ privacy cannot be compromised. In th...

Early advancements in quantum computing have opened up new possibilities to tackle complex problems across various fields, including mathematics, physics, and healthcare. However, the technology required to construct systems where different quantum and classical software components collaborate is currently lacking. To address this, substantial prog...

Users’ personal information is one of the most important actives for nowadays enterprises. Knowing user preferences allows to offer personalized interactions and obtain more high-value information. In this context, crowdsensing shows as a technique that aims to collect information about the users and their Internet of Everything (IoE) environment....

The rate at which the internet is growing is unstoppable due to the large number of connected smart devices. Manufacturers often develop specific protocols for their own devices that do not usually follow any standards. This hinders the interconnection and coordination of devices from different manufacturers, limiting the number of daily activities...

The exaggerated use of smartphones and growing informatization of the environment allows modeling people’s behavior as a process, namely, a social workflow, where both individual actions and interactions with other people are captured. This modelling includes actions that are part of an individual’s routine, as well as less frequent events. Althoug...

During the last decade, the mobile application market has grown steadily thanks to the massive use of smartphones and the emergence of cloud computing for offloading computation tasks and improving the quality of experience. With the more recent deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, this cloud‐based architectural design and the correspond...

For the past twenty years, Service Oriented Computing has changed the way in which information technology was understood. The approach involves not only technological advances that have influenced the development of Software Engineering, such as Service Oriented Architecture, Web services, Service Choreography, or Microservices. In addition, it has...

The development of the Internet of Things (IoT) came with the manufacturing of a huge amount of smart things equipped with sensors for making them aware of their environment, and with network connection for allowing remote interaction with them. However, most smart things still lack enough autonomy and context-awareness, hindering them from being p...

Population ageing, together with the desire to maintain an autonomous lifestyle, poses today’s societies with a challenge that technological advances can help considerably to cope with. The widespread use of smartphones and their increasing computing power and storage capacity make them the ideal tool to achieve this goal. In this paper, we present...

In the current IoT era, the number of smart things to interact with is raising everyday. However, each one of them precises a manual and specific configuration. In a more people-friendly scenario, smart things should adapt automatically to the preferences of their users. In this field, we have participated in the design of People as a Service, a mo...

The explosive growth of the mobile application market in recent years has led to a large concomitant mobile software industry whose components are, in many cases, startups and small-size software providers. The success of these applications and the firms behind them depends on a subtle balance between different dimensions mainly affected by their a...

The pervasive presence of smartphones has emerged as one of the key elements for sensing people contextual information. Their sensors and communication capabilities can be used to gather a huge amount of data. Such capabilities have made it possible to compose profiles of people by relating different parameters such as time and location. This paper...

The number of devices connected to the internet is constantly growing, which implies an increased complexity when interacting with so many heterogeneous devices. Automating this process is key to keep up with this growth. This People as a Service model works towards developing virtual profiles for every user in their own mobile devices and under th...

The continuous increase in life expectancy poses a challenge for health systems in modern societies, especially with respect to older people living in rural low-populated areas, both in terms of isolation and difficulty to access and communicate with health services. In this paper, we address these issues by applying the Digital Avatars framework t...

The increase in the end and near-to-the-end devices capabilities has led to the development of paradigms such as the Internet of Things, Fog Computing and Edge Computing. These devices require an internet connection for sending the sensed or processed data, and for getting specific requests. Many of these devices are intended to make people’s live...

Elderly people have the stereotype of being bad to technology, but they are one of the groups that can benefit the most from recent technological advances. The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the new technologies that aims to facilitate people’s lives, automating tasks or allowing them to be carried out more easily. IoT smart devices provide an...

The number of internet-connected devices (Internet of Things, IoT) is growing at an unstoppable rate. Many manufacturers have developed specific protocols that are usually closed and do not follow any standard, hindering the interconnection and coordination of devices from different manufacturers. This entails a greater effort from users to coordin...

Nowadays, there are millions of devices connected to the Internet. This is what we know as called Internet of Things. The integration of these smart devices with the web protocols makes them more accessible and understandable by people. The purpose of these devices is to make people’s lives easier. Thanks to the collaboration between devices, the p...

The number of internet-connected devices (Internet of Things, IoT) is growing at an unstoppable rate. Many manufacturers have developed specific protocols that are usually closed and do not follow any standard, hindering the interconnection and coordination of devices from different manufactures. This entails a greater effort from users to coordina...

The increase of the life expectancy has become a challenge in regions with a low population density. This fact is caused by the existence of small towns all far from one another and with the peculiarity of many elders with special health care living there. This situation increases in a high percentage the health costs of the region having to attend...

An increasing number of devices are getting enough computing and storage capacity to adapt their behaviour to the needs and preferences of their users. However, in multi device systems, this will require new techniques allowing several devices to take the contextual information of their users into account to adapt or coordinate themselves so they c...

As the number of devices connected to the Internet of Things increases, so increases the interactions required between users and those devices and systems. In a world where non-technically inclined users live surrounded by Internet of Things systems, the barriers to entry for the use of these technologies should be as low as possible. In these circ...

With the grow of the Web of Things, lots of devices are being connected to the network. Many of these devices require human interaction when using them. In a desirable scenario, technology should allow to automatically adapt the behavior of these devices to the needs and expectations of their users. To this extent, in previous work we proposed the...

As the number of devices connected to the Internet increases, the interactions between the general population and Cyber-Physical Systems multiplies. Most of these interactions occur through people’s smart devices. Thanks to the large number of sensor included on these devices and their capabilities to connect to other sensors they serve as a gatewa...

Mobile device capabilities have increased tremendously in recent years, and the complexity of the applications executed in these devices has evolved accordingly. However, despite the efforts made by mobile manufactures, resource consumption, particularly battery and data traffic, are still limiting factors for mobile applications. The most importan...

A medida que se incrementa el número de dispositivos inteligentes, el esfuerzo requerido para adaptarlos a las necesidades de cada usuario también crece. Asimismo, el proceso de adaptación de un dispositivo al contexto de un usuario es todavía un proceso muy manual. A pesar de que en los últimos años han surgido algunas propuestas centradas en obte...

Software Adaptation aims at composing incompatible black-box components or services (peers) whose individual functionality is as required for the new system. Adaptation techniques aim at automatically generating new components called adapters. An adapter works as an orchestrator and makes the involved peers work correctly together by receiving all...

As the interest in the Web of Things increases, specially for the general population, the barriers to entry for the use of these technologies should decrease. Current applications can be developed to adapt their behaviour to predefined conditions and users preferences, facilitating their use. In the future, Web of Things software should be able to...

The ever increasing computing and storage capacity of smart devices are enabling users to perform in them tasks that until now were relegated only to devices with high computing capabilities (such as PCs or laptops). Empowering users to employ in each moment the device that best adapts to each concrete situation. This demands that the applications...

With the increase in the elderly population, there is a concomitant growth in the number of cases of cognitive impairment. The early stages of these disorders can cause the elderly difficulties in performing their daily activities. To improve their independence while keeping their caregivers informed, this paper presents a monitoring system that fo...

Smartphones have become major players in the consumption of cloud services. These services are usually employed to share information and to interact with other people. All this information is reused by marketing companies to create sociological profiles of the users. Users, however, often share similar pieces of information via different platforms....

Software Adaptation is a non-intrusive solution for composing black-box components or services (peers) whose individual functionality is as required for the new system, but that present interface mismatch, which leads to deadlock or other undesirable behaviour when combined. Adaptation techniques aim at automatically generating new components calle...

There's growing interest in developing applications for the Internet of Things. Such applications' main objective is to integrate technology into people's everyday lives, to be of service to them en masse. The form in which this integration is implemented, however, still leaves much room for improvement. Usually, the user must set parameters within...

Software adaptation techniques aim at generating new components called adapters, which make a set of services work correctly together by compensating for existing mismatch. Most approaches assume that services interact synchronously using rendez-vous communication. In this paper, we focus on asynchronous communication, where services interact excha...

Researchers from sociological disciplines could greatly benefit from collective information from the many people who use mobile devices to communicate via various social apps and services. However, processing that information is difficult because it's scattered among numerous social platforms. Furthermore, users are becoming increasingly concerned...

Developing software for the cloud usually implies using the tools and libraries supplied by cloud vendors for each of their platforms. This strongly couples the software to specific platforms and penalizes its migration or interoperability with external cloud services, in what is known as vendor lock-in. Under these circumstances multicloud applica...

Despite the hype experienced by cloud computing during the last years, its slow adoption by the industry has collapsed the initial expectations of everything shifting rapidly to the cloud. Big and complex services, which commonly process sensitive information, are either postponing their migration to the cloud, or have simply not considered it as a...

The high demand that exists in the current ICT market for cloud computing services has been met by multiple vendors that provide such services using proprietary specifications and APIs. The benefits of counting with a high number of providers are overshadowed by the ven- dor lock-in issue, which makes it difficult for software to be migrated and re...

The slow adoption of cloud computing by the industry has collapsed the initial expectations of everything shifting rapidly to the cloud. Big and complex services are either postponing their migration to the cloud, or have simply not considered it as an option. The real success is coming from small services which exploit the elasticity and availabil...

Developing software for the cloud usually implies using the tools and libraries supplied by cloud vendors for each of their platforms. This strongly couples the software to spe- cific platforms and penalizes its migration or interoperabil- ity with external cloud services, in what is known as ven- dor lock-in. Under these circumstances multicloud a...

The different implementations of cloud computing services developed by each cloud vendor have resulted in a heterogeneity of APIs and libraries which most developers of cloud-based applications must fight to understand. This so called vendor lock-in effect leads to a substantial increment on the development effort required to switch the initially s...

Cloud computing is a new paradigm that allows users to access computing resources in a dynamic, flexible and scalable manner. It has drawn the interest of multiple users, and in a short period of time it has experienced a notorious hype. However, its numerous strengths are mitigated by the lack of standardization which the technology suffers from....

Aspect oriented software development provides a suitable support for software system evolution. The system properties are better encapsulated resulting in easier manipulation. Besides, new properties or changes can be added to the systems as new aspects, reducing cost, effort and time. However, adding new aspects to an existing AO system could prod...

A major asset of modern systems is to dynamically reconfigure themselves to cope with failures or component updates. Nevertheless, designing such systems with off-the-shelf components is hardly feasible: components are black-boxes that can only interact with others on compatible interfaces. Part of the problem is solved through Software Adaptation...

Cloud computing has emerged as a new paradigm where IT resources are offered by cloud providers in a flexible and elastic way. However, the use and development of cloud services has not been standardized, thereby deriving in migratability and interoperability difficulties. Different standardization initiatives exist seeking to normalize this situat...

The heterogeneous solutions provided by different cloud ven- dors have led to application interoperability and migratabil- ity issues. Companies that consume cloud services are tied to a single cloud provider due to the high costs of migrating software in the cloud. However, depending on the nature, size and interests of each company, different mot...

Context Adaptation is a crucial issue when building new applications by reusing existing software services which were not initially designed to interoperate with each other. Adaptation contracts describe composition constraints and adaptation requirements among these services. The writing of this specification by a designer is a difficult and erro...

Cloud computing is a new paradigm that allows users to access computing resources in a dynamic, flexible and scalable manner. It has drawn the interest of multiple users, and in a short period of time it has experienced a notorious hype. However, its numerous strengths are mitigated by the lack of standardization which the technology suffers from....

Using pre-existing software components (COTS) to develop software systems requires the composition and adaptation of the component interfaces to solve mismatch problems. These mismatches may appear at different interoperability levels (signature, behavioural, quality of service and semantic). In this article, we define an approach which supports co...

This paper discusses how to reconfigure systems in which components present mismatch in both their signature and behavioural interfaces. We are interested in performing component substitution without stopping the system, though we assume components are not designed with reconfiguration capabilities in mind. We also consider that components may need...

Building mobile and pervasive systems as a selection, composition, adaptation and evolution of pre-existing software entities may arise dynamically and continuously different issues related to inconsistencies, changes or faults. We propose an approach to detect and handle these issues with the appropriate methodology in every case. This is performe...

In Ubiquitous Computing, users interact with multiple small networked computing devices on a daily basis, accessing services present within their physical environment. In particular, the need to discover and correctly access those services as users move from one location to another and the conditions of the environment change, is a crucial requirem...

Developing systems through the composition of reusable software services is not straightforward in most situations since different kinds of mismatch may occur among their public interfaces. Service adaptation plays a key role in the development of such systems by solving, as automatically as possible, mismatch cases at the different interoperabilit...

This volume contains the proceedings of WCSI 2010, the International Workshop on Component and Service Interoperability. WCSI 2010 was held in Malaga (Spain) on June 29th, 2010 as a satellite event of the TOOLS 2010 Federated Conferences. The papers published in this volume tackle different issues that are currently central to our community, namely...

This volume contains the proceedings of WCSI 2010, the International Workshop on Component and Service Interoperability. WCSI 2010 was held in Malaga (Spain) on June 29th, 2010 as a satellite event of the TOOLS 2010 Federated Conferences. The papers published in this volume tackle different issues that are currently central to our community, namely...

An adaptation contract describes composition constraints and adaptation requirements among several services which were not initially built to interoperate with each other. The manual writing of this specification by a designer is a difficult and error-prone task, especially when services are reused taking their behavioural descriptions into account...

Dependency analysis is a technique to identify and determine data dependencies between service protocols. Protocols evolving concurrently in the service composition need to impose an order in their execution if there exist data dependencies. In this work, we describe a model to formalise context-aware service protocols. We also present a compositio...

Dependency analysis is a technique to identify and determine data dependencies between service protocols. Protocols evolving concurrently in the service composition need to impose an order in their execution if there exist data dependencies. In this work, we describe a model to formalise context-aware service protocols. We also present a compositio...

A major asset of modern systems is to dynamically reconfigure systems to cope with failures or component updates. Nevertheless, designing such systems with off-the-shelf components is hardly feasible: components are black-boxes that can only interact with others on compatible interfaces. Part of the problem is solved through Software Adaptation tec...

We first define a model to formalise context-aware clients and services. Then, we propose a composition language available on the user's device to execute and handle concurrently interactions with several services at the same time.

Adaptation is a crucial issue when building new applica- tions by reusing existing software services which were not initially designed to interoperate with each other. Adapta- tion contracts describe composition constraints and adap- tation requirements among these services. The writing of this specification by a designer is a difficult and error-...

Self-adaptive software systems are those able to manage changing operating conditions dynamically and autonomously. Currently, most proposals in this field rely on an explicit representation of the constituent elements and goals of the system. This approach is suitable for systems where constituent elements are well known at design time. However, i...

Adaptation is of utmost importance in systems developed by assembling reusable software services accessed through their public interfaces. This process aims at solving, as automatically as possible, mismatch cases which may be given at the different interoperability levels among interfaces by synthesizing a mediating adaptor. In this paper, we pres...

Component-Based Software Engineering focuses on the reuse of existing software components. In practice, most components cannot be integrated directly into an application-to-be, because they are incompatible. Software Adaptation aims at generating, as automatically as possible, adaptors to compensate mismatch between component interfaces, and is the...

By dynamic adaptation, we mean the ability to modify an application at run-time. This provides a system with the skill to dynamically alter its behav-iour while it is running, depending on the (changing) conditions of the envi-ronment. In this work we show how to perform dynamic adaptation by means of contextual environments, which define flexible...

This paper presents an approach which supports veriflcation and model-based adaptation of software compo- nents and services implemented using Windows Work∞ow Foundation (WF). First, we propose an abstract description of WF work∞ows, and we formalise the extraction of Labelled Transition Systems from these work∞ows. Next, veriflcation and adaptatio...

Context-Aware computing studies the development of systems which exploit context information (e.g., user location, network resources, time, etc.), which is specially relevant in mobile systems and pervasive computing. When these systems are built assembling pre-existing software components (COTS), the composition process must be able to solve poten...

Developing software systems by assembling pre-existing software components (COTS), requires a composition and adaptation process of the component interfaces to solve both syntactical and behavioural mismatches. The use of context-aware computing is important in applications where the context changes depending on the conditions of the environment, a...

Composition of components or services is a crucial issue when building new applications by reusing existing pieces of software. This task turns out to be tedious when behavioural descriptions, acknowledged as one of the essential parts of component interfaces, are taken into account. Furthermore, mismatches may exist between component interfaces, a...

Reuse and integration of heterogeneous software parts are promises of Component-Based Software Development. However, current industrial approaches suffer from a limited support for anything else than component signatures. Software Adaptation promotes the use of adaptors —specific computational entities guaranteeing that software components will int...

Reuse of software entities such as components or Web services raise com-position issues since, most of the time, they present mismatches in their interfaces. These mismatches may appear at different interoperability levels: signature, behaviour, quality of service and semantics. The behavioural level is crucial and behavioural mis-matches must all...

One focus of current ,software development ,is the ,re-use of components ,in the construction of systems. Software Adaptation facilitates the consequent ,need to adapt ,these components,to the new,environment,by employing,adaptors which are obtained automatically and hence with a certain guarantee of suitability, from formal descriptions of the int...

Resumen. Self-adaptive software systems are those able to manage changing op-erating conditions dynamically and autonomously. Currently, most proposals in this field rely on an explicit representation of the components and goals of the system. This approach is suitable for closed systems, where constituent components are well known at design time....

Context-awareness features involve that the adaptive service composition has to take dependencies of contexts into account. In any other case, such composition may reach inconsistent states. Therefore, we need to manage not only the explicit contexts given by the user as parameters, but also the implicit context information. We obtain such implicit...

The development of adaptive user interfaces has traditionally been restricted to research prototypes and few commercial products. Although there have been relevant achievements in the architectural support for self-adaptive context-aware systems [3,19], the notion of context commonly supported is restricted and does not explicitly contemplate the f...

Coordination and Adaptation are two key issues when developing complex distributed systems. Coordination focuses on the interaction among software entities. Adaptation focuses on solving the problems that arise when the interacting entities do not match properly. This is the report of the fourth edition of the WCAT workshop, that took place in Berl...

Coordination and Adaptation are two key issues when developing complex distributed systems. Coordination focuses on the interaction among software entities. Adaptation focuses on solving the problems that arise when the interacting entities do not match properly. This is the report of the fourth edition of the WCAT workshop, that took place in Berl...

In this paper, we propose to relate model-based adaptation approaches with the Windows Workflow Foundation (WF) implementation platform, through a simple case study. We successively introduce a client/server system with mismatching components implemented in WF, our formal approach to work mismatch cases out, and the resulting WF adaptor. We end wit...