Carlos Agudelo

• Research Director at National University of Colombia

La reforma colombiana al sistema de salud, adoptada mediante la Ley 100 de 1993, tenía como meta principal la cobertura universal del aseguramiento, financiada con recursos públicos, con una dirección estatal y una administración delegada a las entidades promotoras de salud (EPS), las cuales estarían encargadas de gestionar el riesgo en salud y el...

The "Ongoing Seminar 2021: Historical and International Perspective of the Colombian Health System" was held in the first semester of the year 2021 with the participation of thirty speakers or panelists, twenty-two of them residents in Colombia and eight from abroad, all of them belonging to universities, research centers and international agencies...

El “Seminario permanente 2021: ‘Perspectiva histórica e internacional del sistema de salud colombiano’” se realizó en el primer semestre del año 2021 con la participación de treinta conferencistas o panelistas, veintidós de ellos residentes en Colombia y ocho del exterior, todos ellos pertenecientes a universidades, centros de investigación y agenc...

Objetivo Diseñar y aplicar objetos virtuales de aprendizaje con énfasis en el estudiante y evaluar los resultados de un curso renovado en el aprendizaje de los métodos y técnicas apropiadas para el análisis de políticas públicas en salud. Metodología El proyecto se concibió como un estudio observacional, comparativo y analítico para establecer la...

Objetivo Entender la investigación en salud en Colombia como parte de agendas gubernamentales y legislativas relacionadas con el sector salud entre 1990 y 2010. Métodos Se usaron fuentes documentales oficiales como planes de desarrollo, proyectos de ley y otras publicaciones institucionales. Resultados El Gobierno Nacional, el Ministerio de Salud...

Objetivos Comparar la percepción sobre calidad de vida y situación ambiental, en municipios próximos y distantes de la actividad minero industrial del Departamento de Boyacá. Método Estudio epidemiológico transversal. Los municipios próximos al área de influencia fueron agrupados en zonas identificadas como 1 y 2, y los municipios distantes como z...

Objetivo Identificar los principales objetivos y énfasis de los proyectos de investigación en malaria financiada por Colciencias entre 1995 y 2005. Métodos Para la identificación del énfasis de los proyectos de investigación en malaria se utilizó el sistema de clasificación en investigación en salud desarrollado por la Colaboración de Investigació...

En el presente año, 2017, la Revista de Salud Pública cumple 19 años de existencia. En el año 2018, con el volumen 20, nuestra revista saldrá de la adolescencia e iniciará su edad adulta. Y esto traerá cambios, tanto en desarrollos de lo que ya hemos logrado, como nuevos retos en términos de calidad editorial, profesionalización del equipo editoria...

Objetivos Elaborar un diagnóstico rápido de capacidades de las autoridades ambientales y el Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible para asumir su rol en salud ambiental con base en el modelo de capacidades del Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo-PNUD.Método Se utilizaron los métodos de revisión documental, entrevista dirigida...

Este ensayo plantea algunos elementos de análisis sobre la investigación en salud en Colombia, como una política pública que se ha configurado desde 1990 con la normatividad instaurada sobre Ciencia y Tecnología. Una serie de ajustes institucionales se llevaron a cabo y se crearon el Programa y el Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Salu...

p>Determinar concentraciones de PM₁₀, mercurio y plomo en aire intramural de viviendas, en fuentes de agua y suelo de municipios aledaños a actividad minera. Método Se evaluaron 6 puntos en áreas de influencia y 2 en áreas control. Para las mediciones de aire intramural, se utilizaron los métodos NIOSH 600 (PM₁₀), NIOSH 6009...

p> Objetivos Caracterizar las particularidades en la formación, ejercicio y desempeño del talento humano que labora en salud ambiental en Colombia. Método Revisión documental y de bases de datos, encuestas y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Resultados Aproximadamente el 70 % de los profesionales que laboran en el área de salud ambiental son de: adm...

Objetivo. Conocer la percepción que los estudiantes de salud pública en México y en Co-lombia tuvieron sobre el manejo de la epidemia de influenza A (H1N1), como una forma para indagar qué contenidos curriculares pueden ser mejorados en la formación en epidemiología. Métodos. Encuesta durante la epidemia, entre junio y agosto de 2009, a estudiantes...

Objectives: Establishing the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and disease in children aged less than 12 years-old living within the Cesar department's coal-mining area and possible associated factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 1,627 children aged less than 10 years-old living in and near coal-mining areas in the Cesar depart...

Objetivos Establecer la prevalencia de síntomas respiratorios y enfermedad respiratoria en niños menores de 12 años de municipios de influencia de la zona carbonífera del departamento del Cesar y posibles factores asociados. Métodos Estudio transversal en 1 627 niños menores de 10 años habitantes de municipios carboneros del Cesar expuestos a difer...

Objective Evaluating public policy formulation regarding the concept of healthy schools in Colombia, 1999 to 2006. Methods This study involved qualitative research aimed at analysing the cycle of public policy. The main strategies used were collecting information, a documental review of secondary sources and holding semi-structured interviews (prim...

 Open Access (OA) to scientific information is an important step forward in communication patterns, yet we still need to reinforce OA principles to promote a cultural change of traditional publishing practices. The advantages of free access to scientific information are even more evident in public health where knowledge is directly associated with...

Definitions of healthcare promotion were examined from the theory of knowledge regarding its ontological and epistemological aspects as considered by several paradigms. Three-phase periodisation was used. The first distancing regarding the positivist paradigm and healthcare promotion through definitions of public health was made during the backgrou...

Learn about the perception of public health students in Mexico and Colombia regarding the management of the influenza A (H1N1) epidemic to determine which curriculum contents in epidemiological education can be improved. Survey administered to graduate students during the epidemic, from June to August 2009. The 30 epidemiological competencies for "...

Objective Determining factors associated with the 25-50 year-old population's physical inactivity in Bogota, Colombia (urban area) and, thereby, defining an explanatory model. Methods A sample of 1,600 adults which had been characterised in 2004 using the long international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ-L) was used; overall physical activit...

Objective Determining factors associated with the 25-50 year-old population's physical inactivity in Bogota, Colombia (urban area) and, thereby, defining an explanatory model. Methods A sample of 1,600 adults which had been characterised in 2004 using the long international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ-L) was used; overall physical activit...

An overview of some of the key processes and results of Colombia's National Health System is presented. A systematic review of the literature evaluating the quality of the evidence published in indexed journals and literature not published in journals was made. Health system financial resources have seen a sustained increase while spending on healt...

La pandemia de Influenza A (H1 N1) avanza en todo el mundo. Sus manifestaciones, en terminos de casos y tasa de letalidad, guardan diferencias significativas entre los paises. Asi mismo, son diferentes las capacidades de respuestas. En America Latina tambien ha sido asi, aunque no es posible demostrar una relacion directa entre capacidad de respues...

Colombia’s GNP has grown from an average 4.8 % growth-rate during 2003 to 2006 to 7.5 % during 2007 to 2008. Such growth in GNP has been mostly produced by increased investment representing 29 % for 2008. On the other hand, significant national efforts have been made by all actors seeking to increase research resources, research groups and institut...

Objectives: Developing a new Inequity-in-Health Index (IHI) assuming inequity as ‘‘inequality of health outcomes,’’ based on Millennium Development Goals (MDG). Study Design and Setting: Ecological study. Countries from around the world were included from United Nations, the World Bank, and a nonprofit organization’s databases. The reliability and...

Colombia lacks experience in identifying health research priorities. A project for idenifying health research priorities was begun in 2004 (meaning those arising from weighting and ordering health and disease problems which could be mainly resolved by research and knowledge). The Global Forum for Health Research combined matrix method, and other me...

A collaboration network involving 6 countries in Europe, Latin-America and the Caribbean has embarked on a project (Network of Collaboration Between Europe and Latin American Caribbean Countries-NECOBELAC; www.necobelac.eu) aimed at improving scientific writing open access and scholarly communication to spread know-how regarding current and future...

Assessing how priorities are established in Colombia in line with international methodologies and from the perspective of Bogotá-based Category A health research groups. This study used a qualitative approach; 14 leaders from groups selected via a propositive sample were given semi-structured interviews to obtain a comprehensive interpretation of p...

Colombia lacks experience in identifying health research priorities. A project for identifying health research priorities was begun in 2004 (meaning those arising from weighting and ordering health and disease problems which could be mainly resolved by research and knowledge). The Global Forum for Health Research combined matrix method, and other m...

A collaboration network involving 6 countries in Europe, Latin-America and the Caribbean has embarked on a project (Network of Collaboration Between Europe and Latin American Caribbean Countries-NECOBELAC; www.necobelac.eu) aimed at improving scientific writing open access and scholarly communication to spread know-how regarding current and future...

Objective Identifying gender-related inequities in gaining access to health services in the Colombian social health security system. Methods A two-stage evaluation of the National Household Survey was made, before and after the Colombian health system reform was implemented. Socioeconomic,needs, access to health services and financing variables wer...

Examining the power (ability) of classical epidemiological estimators to rate inequality in health in univariate and composite ways. Ecological study. Ratio, excess risk, attributable risk (AR) and relative difference were the estimators used for showing disparities; all of them were weighted by population size. Kappa concordance coefficient was us...

Identifying gender-related inequities in gaining access to health services in the Colombian social health security system. A two-stage evaluation of the National Household Survey was made, before and after the Colombian health system reform was implemented. Socioeconomic,needs, access to health services and financing variables were identified. A de...

Objective An economic analysis of cost-equity (from society's viewpoint) for evaluating the impact of Law 100/93 in Colombia between 1998 and 2005. Methodology An economic analysis compared costs and equity in health in Colombia between 1998 and 2005. Data was taken from the Colombian Statistics' Administration Department ( Departamento Administrat...

Developing a new Inequity-in-Health Index (IHI) assuming inequity as "inequality of health outcomes," based on Millennium Development Goals (MDG). Ecological study. Countries from around the world were included from United Nations, the World Bank, and a nonprofit organization's databases. The reliability and validity of this bidimensional IHI was t...

An economic analysis of cost-equity (from society's viewpoint) for evaluating the impact of Law 100/93 in Colombia between 1998 and 2005. An economic analysis compared costs and equity in health in Colombia between 1998 and 2005. Data was taken from the Colombian Statistics' Administration Department ( Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadi...

Las Guías de promoción de la salud y prevención de enfermedades en la salud pública integran la evidencia científica internacional, los conocimientos y habilidades clínicas y la experiencia en gestión de servicios de salud de cerca de trescientos profesionales que representaron a más de ochenta entidades del sector de la protección social para prop...

Despite their shared history, the Andean countries are socially and politically diverse, with heterogeneous health realities and complex integration processes. General developments such as the Latin American Free Trade Association and Latin American Integration Association have existed for decades, along with others of a regional scope, like the An...

En el sentido más general una política es una acción orientada a un fin. La política de Ciencia y Tecnología (C&T) se refiere al desarrollo de la investigación entendida en un sentido amplio que abarca toda la cadena de producción de conocimiento, de innovación y tecnología. La construcción colectiva de una política institucional consiste en la par...

Individual and contextual characteristics related to physical activity were studied to describe and interpret such practice in three parts of Colombian. Primary- and secondary-source information was obtained at individual, community and regional level concerning cultural, political and urban variables. This information was processed using filters o...

RESUMEN Objetivo Se estudiaron características individuales y contextuales relacio-nadas con la actividad física, para describir e interpretar ésta práctica en tres regiones colombianas. Métodos Se obtuvo información de fuente primaria y secundaria en los ni-veles de individuo, comunidad y región, sobre variables culturales, políticas y urbanas; es...

OBJECTIVE: Obtaining information about the perceptions, attitudes and practices which people living in the Colombian Amazon region hold about the aetiology of malaria, its diagnosis, prophylaxis, therapy, prevention and their perception concerning the risk of contracting malaria. METHODS: A qualitative study was carried out; focal groups were used...

Obtaining information about the perceptions, attitudes and practices which people living in the Colombian Amazon region hold about the aetiology of malaria, its diagnosis, prophylaxis, therapy, prevention and their perception concerning the risk of contracting malaria. A qualitative study was carried out; focal groups were used as the research tech...

Objectives Designing and proposing alternative models for municipal and Departmental malaria control programmes based on evidence obtained con- cerning the process of malaria on the Colombian Pacific Coast and regarding key problems in the malaria control programme before and following health system reform in 1993. Methods An evaluative study was c...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the malaria control program in the Amazonas department, Colombia, before and after the creation of the General System for Social Security in Health (SGSSS). METHODS: The study was carried out in the municipalities of Leticia an Puerto Nariño, and in the villages of Tarapacá and La Pedrera with th...

Objetivos Evaluar la utilización de los servicios de salud y los perfiles epi-demiológicos, como parámetros de ajuste de los contenidos del Plan Obligatorio de Salud-POS. Metodología Se realizó un estudio evaluativo de los contenidos del POS con respecto a la utilización de servicios y los perfiles epidemiológicos regionales, en el marco de la prob...

To evaluate the use of health services and the epidemiological profiles as parameters for adjusting the contents of the Compulsory Health Plan--POS. An evaluative study of the contents of the Compulsory Health Plan--POS was performed regarding the use of health services and the regional epidemiological profiles, within the framework of the current...

Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to study thirty-four Vibrio choierae isolates from the Colombian cholera epidemic between 1991 and 1996. Three Vchoierae isolates not belonging to the epidemic in Colombia and a Vfluvialis isolate were also analysed. The genetic diversity observed for the 38 isolates typified was 0.95, a very similar...

Objectives The work that is presented is the first phase of a scale development study. The objectives are: selecting, developing and evaluating indi- cators for the evaluation of the healthy cities project in Colombia, in order to offer the bases for the construction of a measurement scale. Methods The project was executed from January 2001 to Augu...

The work that is presented is the first phase of a scale development study. The objectives are: selecting, developing and evaluating indicators for the evaluation of the healthy cities project in Colombia, in order to offer the bases for the construction of a measurement scale. The project was executed from January 2001 to August 2002. A validation...

Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to study thirty-four Vibrio choierae isolates from the Colombian cholera epidemic between 1991 and 1996. Three Vchoierae isolates not belonging to the epidemic in Colombia and a Vfluvialis isolate were also analysed. The genetic diversity observed for the 38 isolates typified was 0.95, a very similar...

Se caracterizaron 41 aislamientos se Staphylococcus aureus tomados a pacientes y personal de la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) del Hospital San Juan de Dios, en el periodo comprendido entre septiembre de 1998 y septiembre de 1999 por medio del método de caracterización de Electroforesis de Enzimas Multilocus(MLEE). Se establecieron las relacio...

Toxocariasis is a frequent helminthiasis that can cause visceral and ocular damage in humans specially in children. The identification of specific antigens of Toxocara canis is important in order to develop better diagnostic techniques. Ten rabbits were infected orally with a dose of 5000 Toxocara canis embryonated eggs. Rabbits were bled periodica...

The public hospitals located to the Southwest of Bogotá received their financial resources during the period 1996-2000 mainly for providing health care to people without payment capacity, which belong to either the subsidized regime or to the unaffiliated one. The District financial health fund payed for these services. For the unaffiliated it used...

To compare the accuracy of laparoscopy performed within 24 h of admission and the conventional method based on clinical observation in the etiological diagnosis of non-specific acute lower abdominal pain (NSLAP) in women of reproductive age. A total of 110 patients who met the selection criteria and were seen from November 1997 to June 2000 at the...

RESUMEN Bajo la premisa de que el ente político administrativo fundamental del Estado en el nivel local es el municipio, se realizó un estudio de casos para identificar relaciones potenciales entre la promoción de la salud y la prevención de la enfermedad, según el Plan de Atención Básica y el Plan Obligatorio de Salud, y los procesos de municipali...

Bajo la premisa de que el ente político administrativo fundamental del Estado en el nivel local es el municipio, se realizó un estudio de casos para identificar relaciones potenciales entre la promoción de la salud y la prevención de la enfermedad, según el Plan de Atención Básica y el Plan Obligatorio de Salud, y los procesos de municipalización y...

Las infecciones causadas por el complejo Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar son de distribución cosmopolita. E. histolytica es la única especie patógena, pero la diferenciación con E. dispar se hace por métodos bioquímicos. Este trabajo tuvo como finalidad detectar rápidamente la adhesina especifica de E. histolytica para diferenciarla de E. di...

In the present study we intended to evaluate the impact of the transformation of the national health system into the Social Security Health System upon the equity in access to health services as well as their use and quality. We interpreted equity as the equal opportunity for all people of gaining real access to health services. A cross-sectional s...

Reform and equity in the access to and use of health services in Bo- gotá, Colombia In the present study we intended to evaluate the impact of the transformation of the national health system into the Social Security Health System upon

During 1987 and having as main motivation the need to solve a series of social problems suffered by the population, the municipality of Versalles in the Valle of the Cauca began to develop a work very close to the strategy of "Healthy municipalities for the peace", even through it was not properly framed within that strategy at that movement. In 19...

The assessment of the public health impact of the different forms of violence in Colombia in its recent history requires an analytical approach to the methods, which have been proposed in the country to interpret its causes and processes. Proposals presented in the '90s decade are examined to establish their grasp. A variety of different points of...

RESUMEN En 1987 y teniendo como principal motivación la necesidad de solucionar una serie de problemas que aquejaban a la población, el municipio de Ver-salles en el Valle del Cauca empieza a realizar un trabajo que sin estar en-marcado en la estrategia "Municipios Saludables por la Paz", tenía todas sus características. En 1992 la Organización Pan...

One hundred and ninety eight children of a rural village school were studied for parasitological variables, nutritional status (anthropometric variables and blood parameters) and assessment of their learning capacity. The study was designed as a baseline study and included both massive anthelminthic treatment and follow-up of the reinfection proces...

In the chapter devoted to health, the national development plan for 19982002 presents a set of problems and some administrative and technical solutions, focused on the financial viability of the health system. Nevertheless the plan let aside the structural dimension of the problems that affect the health system. In this paper we examine the structu...

This study was carried out in order to obtain base-line data concerning the epidemiology of American Visceral Leishmaniasis and Chagas? Disease in an indigenous population with whom the government is starting a dwelling improvement programme. Information was collected from 242 dwellings (1,440 people), by means of house to house interviews about so...

The concepts of health and development, which are frequently used in the analysis of the relationships between them, are presented. Positive and negative determinations are considered from both sides. In the first case, health becomes a goal with a value by itself. In the second case health acts as a means which could in some ways influence develop...

Six hundred and ninety colonies from 11 water samples were tested for V. cholerae and other vibrio species. Four isolates of V. cholerae non-O1 were isolated besides a few other vibrios. Isolates of V. cholerae were found to be toxin-negative and resistance to most antibiotics.

En este documento se presenta, de manera sintética, la información disponible en el país sobre algunas variables demográficas: fecundidad, mortalidad, población total, estructura de edades y distribución espacial de la población. En cada uno de estos aspectos se destacan las modificaciones experimentadas en las últimas décadas y las proyecciones ha...

Con el fin de identificar, a nivel de la comunidad, los enteropatógenos bacterianos que producen diarrea en niños menores de 10 años, tomamos muestras de heces de 204 pacientes con cuadro diarreico de 1 a 7 días de evolución y de un grupo control, sin diarrea, conformado por 48 niños. Evaluamos también la recuperación de los microorganismos emplean...

Prevalence of Toxocara canis antibodies was studied in a poor community of Bogotá, Colombia. Two-hundred-seven patients, from both sexes and all age groups, were studied. Positive ELISA titers were found in 47.5% of the population, a high prevalence compared with reports from developed countries. T. canis ova were positive in 43.6% of fecal samples...

En una comunidad de escasos recursos de Bogotá se tomaron muestras de heces de niños menores de diez años con diarrea y de niños sin diarrea. Las muestras del grupo de estudio y del grupo control resultaron negativas para el Cryptosporidium. Se encontraron positivas para Blastocistis hominis 17 muestras del grupo de estudio (8.3%). y 5 del grupo co...

Se realizó una encuesta de parasitismo intestinal con una muestra de población perteneciente a comunidades marginadas de Bogotá. Las muestras de heces se concentraron y se realizó el recuento de huevos y la identificación de quistes de protozoarios. Se encontró que más de la mitad de las muestras ternan uno o más parasites patógenos. En cuanto a lo...

Despite descriptions of many community participation programs in the literature, few authors have attempted to devise systematic methods by which the nature and extent of community participation can be assessed. The present article, based upon work conducted in Bogota, Colombia, in recent years, presents a method for making an assessment of this ki...

RESUMEN Se presentan los conceptos de desarrollo y de salud que son frecuente-mente utilizados en el análisis de las relaciones que existen entre ambos. Las determinaciones positivas y negativas son consideradas desde el lado del desarrollo y desde la salud. En el primer caso, la salud se convierte en un objetivo y tiene valor por sí misma. En el s...

En Colombia la falta de equidad económica y social ha sido una tendencia histórica debido principalmente a los modelos de desarrollo. Durante el proceso de industrialización el modelo cepalino -sustitución de importaciones- y a partir de 1990 el modelo neoliberal han producido un conjunto de desigualdades que se expresan en un coeficiente de Gini s...

Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Nacional de Colombia

La Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia ha tenido una significativa producción editorial que incluye revistas, libros de texto, de resultados de investigación y material de apoyo a la docencia, entre otros. Aunque estos productos le han permitido mantener una apreciable visibilidad nacional e internacional, han sido resultado...

La política de investigación presentada en este documento es el resultado de un proceso de construcción colectiva realizado por los investigadores para dotar a la Facultad de Medicina de una herramienta de desarrollo estratégico, de aplicación inmediata, participativa y flexible. Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Salud Pública

La Universidad Nacional de Colombia ha interpretado la autoevaluación como un balance de logros, fortalezas y problemas que se lleva a cabo en un determinado momento del tiempo y está inscrita en un proceso permanente que corresponde al desarrollo de una mirada crítica propia de la academia.

El mundo se encuentra sometido a un proceso de globalización que se expresa en múltiples fenómenos de la vida internacional, de las sociedades y los Estados. A manera de reseña mencionamos algunos de aquellos que pueden incidir en el papel y el desarrollo de la ciencia y la tecnología