Caravella Mccuistian

• University of California, San Francisco

Introduction: Individuals in treatment for substance use disorders (SUD) use tobacco at much higher rates than the general population. Qualitative research can help identify successful implementation approaches for tobacco-free policy interventions in SUD treatment, but qualitative post-intervention evaluation studies are limited. Methods: Director...

Hispanic/Latinx identified individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) experience increasing overdose mortality and disparities in medication for OUD (MOUD) access and retention compared to other racial/ethnic groups. Patient navigation (PN) may address this disparity. Provider/counselor patient ethnic congruency substance use treatment research is...

Objectives Current guidelines for methadone titration may unnecessarily delay reaching effective doses for patients using fentanyl, resulting in an increased risk of ongoing fentanyl use, dissatisfaction with treatment, and early dropout. Development and evaluation of rapid methadone induction protocols may improve treatment for patients using fent...

Introduction Young adults with HIV (YWH) experience worse clinical outcomes than adults and have high rates of substance use (SU) and mental illness that impact their engagement in care and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). The intervention for Virologic Suppression in Youth (iVY) aims to address treatment engagement/adherence, mental heal...

Background: Cocaine overdose death rates among Black people are higher than that of any other racial/ethnic group, attributable to synthetic opioids in the cocaine supply. Understanding the most effective psychostimulant use treatment interventions for Black people is a high priority. While some interventions have proven effective for the general...

Background Smoking prevalence is high among people in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, and program interventions to address smoking are often complex and lengthy. This cluster-randomized trial tested whether a brief multi-component intervention impacted tobacco outcomes among staff and clients. Methods Seven SUD treatment programs were rand...

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Introduction: Interest in wellness interventions in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment is growing although evidence remains limited. This study evaluated nutrition, physical activity, nutrition and physical activity counseling, and relationships of counseling with wellness behavior before and after a wellness-oriented, tobacco-free policy inte...

Introduction: Smoking is highly prevalent in substance use disorder (SUD) programs, but few studies have explored the tobacco-related attitudes of staff and clients in the same program. The aim of this study was to compare staff and client reports on 10 tobacco-related items and associate them with tobacco measures implemented in the programs. Me...

Introduction During the COVID-19 pandemic, substance use disorder (SUD) treatment settings experienced several abrupt changes, including decreased admissions, reduction in services, and modified requirements for medication for substance use disorder. While these changes were implemented to facilitate the maintenance of important treatment options,...

Introduction: Biracial individuals, a subset of the fastest growing population segment in the United States, frequently experience conflict with ethnic identity, according to marginality theory. Ethnic identity is associated with perceived discrimination and self-esteem, and each of these factors is associated with alcohol and marijuana use. Some...

Tobacco-related morbidity and mortality disproportionately affect people with substance use disorders (SUD). Encouraging overall wellness may support tobacco use cessation. We investigated relationships between wellness (health status, physical activity, sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption), cigarette smoking, and smoking cessation among SUD...

Background Across the United States, substance use disorder (SUD) treatment programs vary in terms of tobacco-related policies and cessation services offered. Implementation of tobacco-related policies within this setting can face several barriers. Little is known about how program leadership anticipate such barriers at the pre-implementation phase...

Objective: To understand providers' perceptions of how patient's experience of racism may impact successful implementation of a brief PTSD treatment in the safety net integrated primary care setting. To conduct a developmental formative evaluation prior to a hybrid type I effectiveness-implementation trial. Data sources and study setting: From O...

Introduction: Implementing tobacco-free policies in substance use disorders (SUD) treatment may reduce tobacco-related, health disparities. This study examined adoption of tobacco-related policy and practices in six residential programs participating in a California-sponsored, 18-month, tobacco-free policy intervention. Methods: Directors (N=6)...

Several health inequities exist among racial/ethnic minoritized populations (REMPs) who use substances including disparities in use patterns, inequities in health and legal consequences of use, as well as in treatment access and effectiveness. To address these inequities, more research is needed to examine the associated factors and identify areas...

Few studies explore racial/ethnic disparities in tobacco use and access to cessation services among people with substance use disorders (SUD). We collected data from Hispanics (n = 255), non-Hispanic Whites (n = 195), and non-Hispanic Blacks (n = 126) across 24 Californian residential SUD treatment programs. Data were analyzed via regression models...

Background People in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment experience disproportionate rates of tobacco use. California has prioritized smoking cessation among these individuals through the Tobacco-Free for Recovery Initiative, which includes an intervention aimed at supporting programs in implementing tobacco-free grounds. The current study exami...

Background: Multiracial groups are projected to be the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population, more than tripling in size over the next four decades. Marginality Theory suggests that biracial individuals, a subgroup of multiracial, may experience heightened conflict with their ethnic identity due to having to negotiate between two distinct...

Background Opioid use and opioid-related overdose continue to rise among racial/ethnic minorities. Social determinants of health negatively impact these communities, possibly resulting in poorer treatment outcomes. Research is needed to investigate how to overcome the disproportionate and deleterious impact of social determinants of health on treat...

Background Individuals with a substance use disorder (SUD) are at a significantly higher risk for coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and have higher rates of COVID-19 related hospitalization and death than those without SUD. This study assessed COVID-19 vaccine trust, transmission awareness, risk and protective behaviors, and effects of COVID-19 on...

Background: Across the United States, substance use disorder (SUD) treatment programs vary in terms of their tobacco-related policies and cessation services offered to clients. Guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), the current study identified key factors that may influence the implementation of tobacco related ce...

Background: Across the United States, substance use disorder (SUD) treatment programs vary in terms of their tobacco-related policies and cessation services offered to clients. Guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), the current study identified key factors that may influence the implementation of tobacco related ce...

Background Racial/ethnic minorities (REMs) continue to carry the burden of sexual health disparities in the United States, including increased health risks and lower proportions of preventative care. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) has been useful in developing interventions aimed at reducing these disparities. Specifically, partnersh...

Objective Youth represent a population disparately impacted by the HIV epidemic. With most new HIV diagnoses occurring among adolescents and young adults, novel approaches to address this disparity are necessary. The objective of the current study was to describe the Youth to Telehealth and Text to Improve Engagement in Care (Y2TEC) intervention, w...

Background: Substance use and mental health are two barriers to engagement in care and antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among youth and young adults living with HIV (YLWH). The consequences of suboptimal adherence in YLWH are increased risk of HIV transmission and a future generation of immunodeficient adults with drug-resistant virus. Method...

African Americans who use substances experience a particular risk for HIV. Negative attitudes towards condoms are a strong predictor of risk and can serve as barriers to safe sex. They also vary by gender. In a secondary analysis of data from two National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network trials collecting data from 2004 to 2006, the rel...

Prescription drug misuse (PDM) is a national problem in the U.S., particularly effecting youth ages 16–25. Drug-related messages in music are one known predictor of substance use for this population. Research suggests that racial/ethnic minority youth are less likely to engage in PDM; however, the prevalence of PDM references in rap music may bette...

The NIDA National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (NIDA CTN) is devoted to the development of effective interventions for people who use substances across a variety of populations. When positive outcomes of a particular intervention do not generalize to other groups, adaptation may improve effectiveness for a different target group. Ho...

Background: Telehealth methods, including video chat counseling, have been growing in popularity within the behavioral health counseling field for over a decade. While video-based counseling methods have been shown to be effective and convenient, they have unique challenges stemming from the technology they use. Technical challenges can negatively...

Prescription drug misuse (PDM) has been on the rise since early 2000 and is now an international epidemic. Prescription drugs are easily accessible and perceived as less harmful, yet can lead to addiction and death. Women represent half of the world's population and pose a unique risk for PDM, including a greater burden of addiction and relapse. De...

The elimination of health and other disparities requires high quality and methodologically sound research on racial/ethnic minorities. Despite a general consensus on the need for valid research on racial/ethnic minorities, few guidelines are available. This article contributes to closing this gap by discussing examples and strategies for addressing...

abstract: For many busy and transient Black professionals, online dating may seem like a viable social option yet qualitative inquiry in a clinical setting revealed apprehensiveness to meeting potential partners on the internet. Perceived personal barriers included an interest in dating others who were similar (e.g., homogamy) in class, race, and/o...