Camelia Zavarache

Nicolae Iorga History Institute, Romania, Bucharest

This article examines the activities of two normal schools with agricultural profile in Grădiştea, Vlaşca County and Caracal, Romanaţi County. The institutions were created by Constantin Angelescu, the Ministry of National Education, at the end of the summer of 1937. Their founding showed the sense of urgency displayed by the liberal government reg...

Public Education was an essential feature of nation-building throughout Europe during the 19th century. Nationalizing states designed school policies to transform peasants into nationals and citizens. However, kindergartens were primarily urban institutions. One of their goals was to teach young children modern languages. At the beginning of the 20...

This book aims to revisit the historical canon regarding the formation of intellectual elites during successive projects of modernization during 19th and 20th centuries. While existing works on the topic focus either on the elimination of previous elites in times of radical social change or on the creation of new elites by each new political regime...

Throughout the 19th and the 20th century the modernization process that Romania has undergone has revolved around two major poles, the Western pattern of development, and the Soviet one that has been enforced at the end of the Second World War. The regime change experienced after 1945 has shown however that the new leaders needed to rely on some of...