C. Rangin

Nice Sophia Antipolis University | UNS · Géosciences AZUR (GEOAZUR/CNRS UMR6526)

By the beginning of Triassic, the 140 by 200 km Southeast Basin, in southeastern France, started to rapidly subside accumulating up to 4 km of Triassic sediment including a considerable amount of evaporites. During Jurassic and Cretaceous, the subsidence continued and the total sedimentary cover today exceeds 12 km. The deeply buried Triassic evapo...

Using industrial seismic data available in the French Southeast Basin in Provence, we put into evidence thin skinned processes that have dominated tectonics in this basin since the Oligocene. These interpretations are then replaced within the regional structural framework of SW France with geological maps and field work. A thick Mesozoic and Cenozo...

We investigate the geodynamics of the Southeast Basin with the help of maps of the basement and of major sedimentary horizons based on available seismic reflection profiles and drill holes. We also present a study of the seismicity along the Middle Durance fault. The present seismic activity of the SE Basin cannot be attributed to the Africa/Eurasi...

We present the first recorded global positioning system (GPS) data from Myanmar measured at the northern tip of the Sagaing fault. This area is in a very complex geodynamic context, where rigid and semirigid plates interact. The 12 GPS sites measured in 2005 and 2008 in northern Myanmar show that the slip rate is 18 mm/yr and is localized along a s...

As a result of the Indo Burmese active hyper-oblique subduction, part of the Bay of Bengal is presently subducting eastward below the Burmese microplate. We have conducted two deep penetration seismic reflection surveys in the north-eastern Bay of Bengal, providing the first high resolution seismic image of the Bengal basin fill and basement. On ba...

The Tibetan material is flowing clockwise around the eastern Himalayan syntaxes. It then encounters the Myanmar block from which it is separated by the right lateral strike slip Sagaing Fault. The interplay between active lithospheric faults and such a flow is critical for the understanding of present day deformation field in the eastern Himalayan...

The gravitational collapse driven crustal flow of the Eastern Tibetan Plateau is well constrained from its central part to the East Himalaya syntaxis . In this area GPS and the tectonic constraints both indicate a sudden southward vergency of this flow toward the core of the Sunda block in Indochina where it dies out progressively. On the basis of...

A wide part of the Sunda trench is relatively well covered by geodetic and seismological datasets that build good constraints on the 26 December 2004 Mw=9.2 Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake coseismic rupture's parameters. North of 14°30'N, the lack of data yields a poorly constrained picture of the northern end of the coseismic rupture. There, bathymetri...

The Southern France area, and more particularly Provence, coincides with two orogenic fold-and-thrust belts: (1) late Cretaceous to Eocene north-verging thrusts (the so-called "Pyrenean" belt), commonly related to the northward migration of the Iberia and Corsica-Sardinia blocks, that affected mainly the Southern Provence and (2) post-Oligocene sou...

Detailed swath-bathymetry, coupled with echo-sounder data were collected offshore the northern tip of Sumatra over the rupture area of the 26th December 2004 Mw=9.2 earthquake during the Sumatra aftershock cruise. 20 ocean bottom seismometers were also deployed in the northern Sumatra area., and more than 1000 events were identified during the 12 d...

The middle to late Cenozoic extension that generated the Basin and Range province (western North America) is one of the most important tectonic events to affect the North American plate. The characteristics of this extension have been extensively studied, but its origin is equally extensively debated. Proposed origins can be broadly categorized int...

This is an introduction to the series of papers presented in this volume that concerns the Cenozoic tectonics of the western margin of the Gulf of Mexico, from Texas in the north to the Veracruz area into the south. These combined offshore-on shore structural studies investigate the links between surperficial gravity slidings and deep crustal flow...

We restore the steady state heat flow of the NW shelf of the GoM by removing the transient effects of sedimentation, erosion and compaction. We estimate sedimentation and erosion rates for the NW margin of the GoM from stratigraphic data and vitrinite reflectance data, respectively, and show that they both affect significantly the thermal field. We...

Along northeastern Mexico close to the Texas-Mexico border, the Burgos basin and its extension offshore was developed and deformed from the Paleocene up to Present time. This is a key triple junction between the sub meridian dextral transtensive coastal plain of the Gulf of Mexico extending far to the south in Mexico, the NE Corsair fault zone offs...

The Gulf of Mexico margin in Texas is one of the most impressive examples of starved passive margin gravity collapse systems. Growth faults developed upslope and are compensated down slope by toe folding and thrusting. On the basis of new multi-channel seismic data with high penetration (down to 11 s-twtt) we present evidences for deep crustal exte...

It has generally been assumed that the last major compressive deformation in the Sierra Madre Oriental (Mexico) took place during the Laramide orogenesis (Upper Cretaceous – Early Eocene). We have studied the N120° Rio Bravo fault zone probably inherited from the Jurassic opening of the gulf of Mexico. This fault zone is located along the internati...

No significant crustal deformation was registered along the western Gulf of Mexico margin since the late Jurassic except the well known Cenozoic gravity tectonics. This is marked by a major extension across the platform and the upper continental slope compensated downslope by shortening across the Mexican Ridges fold belt. Based on extensive offsh...

Results from multibeam bathymetric data acquired during 2005 and 2006, in the region of maximum slip of the 26 Dec. 2004 earthquake (Mw 9.2) are presented. These data provide high-resolution images of seafloor morphology of the entire NW Sumatra forearc from the Sunda trench to the submarine volcanic arc just north of Sumatra. A slope gradient anal...

We present results from multibeam bathymetric data acquired during 2005 and 2006, in the region of maximum slip of the 26 Dec. 2004 earthquake (Mw 9.2). These data provide high-resolution images of seafloor morphology of the entire NW Sumatra forearc from the Sunda trench to the submarine volcanic arc just north of Sumatra. A slope gradient analysi...

Numerous studies, mainly based on structural and paleomagnetic data, consider the Southern Mexico as a crustal block (Southern Mexico Block, SMB) uncoupled from the North American plate with a southeast motion with respect to North America accommodated by extension through the central Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB). On the other hand, the accom...

The Burma subduction trench and the associated Indo Burmese wedge mark the present eastern boundary of the Indian plate in the northern Bengal area. The initiation, duration and history of the Bengal crust subduction beneath Burma is still debated. The aim of this paper is to provide a structural and kinematic analysis of the Indo- Burmese wedge in...

Trench-parallel thrust faults verging both landward and seaward were mapped in the portion of wedge located between northern Sumatra and the Indian-Indonesian boundary. The spatial aftershocks distribution of the 26th December 2004 earthquake shows that the post-seismic motion is partitioned along two thrust faults, the Lower and Median Thrust Faul...

Detailed multibeam mapping coupled with echo sounder data collected offshore the northern tip of Sumatra over the rupture area of the Dec. 26 2004 Mw 9.3 earthquake during the Sumatra aftershock cruise reveal dominant sub-meridian dextral wrenching at the western termination of the Sunda subduction zone. N10°W trending dextral wrench faults with bo...

The 26th December 2004 Great Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake is the second biggest earthquake (Mw=9.3) recorded during the past century. It initiated at a depth of 20-30 km, close to an indentation of the Indonesian fore-arc. The rupture propagated about 1200 km northward and terminated north of Andaman Islands. During the "Sumatra Aftershocks" cruise p...

Using a regional GPS data set including ∼190 stations in Asia, from Nepal to eastern Indonesia and spanning 11 years, we update the present‐day relative motion between the Indian and Sundaland plates and discuss the deformation taking place between them in Myanmar. Revisiting measurements acquired on the Main Boundary Thrust in Nepal, it appears th...

The Great Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake of December 26, 2004 initiated around 3 N near Simeulue and the rupture propagated for about 1250 km up to Andaman Islands. These results were further confirmed by the aftershocks that are located in the same region between 3 N and 12 N. The epicenter of second large mega-thrust earthquake of March 28, 2005 was...

We present here swath bathymetric coupled with 3.5 kHz echo-sounder data acquired during the 'Sumatra Aftershocks' cruise performed on the French R/V Marion Dufresne during summer 2005 . We discuss the fabric of the Sunda wedge across a transect that extends along the Indonesia-Indian boundary from the trench to the offshore trace of the Semangko f...

The Sumatra earthquake of 26 December 2004 ( M w = 9.3) was one of the largest megathrust earthquakes ever recorded using a modern seismic network. The rupture initiated around 3°N near Simeulue Island and propagated northward for about 1250 kilometers up to the Andaman Islands. Nearly three months later, on 28 March 2005, a second large earthquake...

The Sumatra earthquake of 26 December 2004 (Mw = 9.3) was one of the largest megathrust earthquakes ever recorded using a modern seismic network. The rupture initiated around 3°N near Simeulue Island and propagated northward for about 1250 kilometers up to the Andaman Islands. Nearly three months later, on 28 March 2005, a second large earthquake o...

The Andaman–Nicobar Trench and its onshore prolongation—the Indo-Burmese wedge—is the least studied segment of the India–Australia subduction. New offshore geological and geophysical data have recently been collected along the Burma scarp during a marine survey conducted with the R/V Marion Dufresne (Andaman Cruise). Swath bathymetric mapping combi...

The Sea of Marmara is presently the site of pure dextral strike-slip faulting that connects the Izmit Fault in the east to the Ganos Fault in the west along a linear strike-slip fault that is part of the northwestern branch of the North Anatolian Fault. This active Main Marmara Fault (MMF) cuts across a succession of depocenters and highs. Analysis...

Global Positioning System (GPS) measurement campaigns in Myanmar, conducted in 1998 and 2000, allow quantifying the present-day crustal deformation around the Sagaing fault system in central Myanmar. Both a regional network installed at four points within the country and a local 18-station network centered on the city of Mandalay across the Sagaing...

Southeast Asia represents a valuable playground for studying the mechanisms of supra subduction mountain building. Fast relative plate velocities induce rapid geodynamic changes, so that the parameters for the convergence can be constrained, whereas the recently inactivated systems are still accessible. We make use of the GPS-controlled motion of m...

Using the detailed geometry and tectonics of the Main Marmara fault that connects the Gulf of Izmit fault with the Ganos fault established by [2001] and the new GPS data set recently analyzed by [2002], we confirm the existence of a Marmara block delimited to the north by the northern branch of the North Anatolian fault (the Marmara branch) and to...

The present-day Eastern Mediterranean Sea is shaped by the progressive subduction of the deep Ionian, Herodotus and Levantine basins, all Mesozoic relics of the former Neo-Tethys Ocean. During the last decade, two major inputs improved our understanding of the tectonics of the area. On-land, extensive geodetic surveys confirmed that the recent kine...

Northward motion of India with respect to Sunda implies right-lateral shear along the eastern Indian border. Based on a new GPS processing including more than 90 stations in Asia spanning 9 years of repeated measurements, we show that the present-day relative motion between India and Sundaland reaches 35 mm/yr in the Myanmar area. It is classically...

Since the Eocene, India is brushing the western margin of Indochina (Eurasia), inducing during most of the Cenozoic a 100km wide shear zone marked in central Myanmar by a series of pull-part basins deposited on a stretched metamorphic continental crust. This transtensive dextral motion was followed by dominant dextral transpression active between 1...

The Black Sea is considered to be a Mesozoic–Early Cenozoic marginal basin related to the north-dipping subduction of Tethys beneath Europe. However deformation of this basin during the successive Eocene to Neogene collisions of African-derived continental fragments (Kirshehir and Arabian micro plates) remains poorly understood. A multi-channel sei...

The Black Sea is considered to be a Mesozoic–Early Cenozoic marginal basin related to the north-dipping subduction of Tethys beneath Europe. However deformation of this basin during the successive Eocene to Neogene collisions of African-derived continental fragments (Kirshehir and Arabian micro plates) remains poorly understood. A multi-channel sei...

Previous kinematic studies of the eastern Mediterranean have given most of their at- tention to the active tectonics of the Anatolian-Aegean region. One of the major prob- lems in these studies has been where to locate the northern margin of the African plate. While most studies have chosen the seismicity along the Calabrian-Hellenic-Cyprean Arc to...

GPS measurements acquired in the framework of the GEODYSSEA project have pro- vided significant new information on the present day plate tectonics in South East Asia. In order to further investigate the relative motion between India and South East Asia, we have performed a combined processing the THAICA, APRGP, MYANMAR, GEODYSSEA and RTSD data (10...

We studied the western extension of the NAF in the sub-basins of the Sea of Marmara, called here the Marmara Fault, by means of deep-towed seismic (pasisar) and multi-beam bathymetry data collected by R.V. Le Suroit in September, 2000. One of the major problems in the Sea of Marmara is to link strike slip faulting located at depth along the Marmara...

This paper presents selections from and a synthesis of a high resolution bathymetric, sparker and deep-towed seismic reflection data set recently acquired by the French Ifremer R.V. Le Suroı̂t in an E–W deep trough that forms the northern half of the Sea of Marmara in NW Turkey. It includes the first high resolution complete bathymetric map of this...

We analyze 2200 km of multi-channel seismic reflection profiles that have become recently available in the Sea of Marmara. This analysis benefits from the recent acquisition of multi-beam bathymetric data covering the axial portion of the northern basins. We conclude that the northern Sea of Marmara is at present cut by an active continuous strike–...

There has been a considerable amount of studies of the lands bordering the Eastern Mediterranean basin but the basin itself is still relatively poorly known. The tectonic analysis of this basin is difficult to do because a great part of it has disappeared within a double system of subduction zones, the Hellenic one that is stip active and the Calab...

The western boundary of the Philippine Sea (PH) Plate in the Philippines and eastern Indonesia corresponds to a wide deformation zone that includes the stretched continental margin of Sundaland, the Philippine Mobile Belt (PMB), extending from Luzon to the Molucca Sea, and a mosaic of continental blocks around the PH/Australia/Sunda triple junction...

The SE Asian region is characterised by the active subduction of Cenozoic marginal basins. A new tomographic model interpreted in the light of geological data, provides details on the geometry of the oceanic lithospheric slabs subducted along the eastern margin of Sundaland. We present first evidences for a relatively continuous active margin which...

The recent Singu basaltic flows (Mandalay district, Myanmar) are offset by the dextral Sagaing fault. 4%-40Ar ages of five of the youngest flows forming the southern border of this plateau range from 0.25 to 0.31 My. The right lateral offset of the volcanic field, observed on satellite images, is 6.5 km north and 2.7 km south of the border of the p...

Tertiary and Quaternary magmatic rocks from West Sulawesi record the complex history of part of the Sundaland margin where subduction and collision have been and are still active. The present study, based on petrographic data, major- and trace-element chemistry and 40K40Ar dating aims to document the age and chemical characteristics of the magmati...

As part of the 1993 French-Vietnamese PONAGA cruise, profiles comprising swath bathymetric profiling, six-channel reflection seismics, gravity and magnetic data were acquired across the N-S trending margin off Central Vietnam. These data enable us to recognise structural features striking N060°E. The seismic data show progressive crustal thinning f...

The Vietnamese continental margin records the tectonic processes which have controlled opening of the East Vietnam Sea basin. The geometry and chronology of Cenozoic structures linked to the opening of this marginal basin have been studied offshore Da Nang (central Vietnam), based on unpublished data acquired by BP Exploration from 1989 to 1991. Th...

The continental margin of the Indochina peninsula has recorded the tectonic processes related to the opening of the south China Sea Basin. The geometry and chronology of the Cenozonic structures linked to the opening of this basin were studied in detail in Da Nang area (central Vietnam). An intergreated onshore and offshore study was conducted, com...

Eocene BABB basalts intruded by tholeiitic and calk-alkalic island arc magmatic rocks are reported from the north arm of Sulawesi (Indonesia). Age and geochemical similarities between these basalts and those drilled in the Celebes Sea indicate this North Sulawesi volcanic arc was built on the same oceanic crust. The 25° late Neogene clockwise rotat...

The structure of the Philippine archipelago results from the juxtaposition, between the Late Miocene and the present, of a volcanic belt against fragments of the Eurasian margin and associated marginal basins. The southern Philippines offers the opportunity of studying the mechanics of the deformation from active contraction to a more complex post-...

This study deals with eight samples from the Tertiary Sintang Intrusives of northwest Borneo. Six samples are granodiorites, two of which are dated back to 18.3 and 19.2 Ma, yielding chemical characteristics of slab melts (adakites). The two youngest rocks (16.5 and 16.7 Ma-old), are calc-alkaline dacites: their mantle source was previously metasom...

A swath mapping, gravity and single channel seismic survey was carried out in the northern Molucca Sea with R.V. L'Atalante. Preliminary interpretation of these data reveals the presence of an almost complete Sangihe arc and forearc. The Miangas-Pujada-Talaud ridge in the central part of the Molucca Sea appears to be a backstop within the Sangihe f...

The pre-Tertiary basement of central and south Vietnam is affected by pervasive strike-slip and normal faulting, which appears to control the shape of the present continental margin of eastern Indochina. Using remote sensing and field studies, we show the existence of two superposed strike-slip fault systems which were probably active during the Pa...

The Red River fault system in the Tonkin Gulf offshore Haiphong was studied using seismic profiles calibrated by deep wells. Well characterised left-lateral strike-slip occurred continuously within a narrow 30-km-wide zone southwest of the Vinh Minh fault between 30 Ma and 5.5 Ma. However, the corresponding amount of offset probably does not exceed...

A total of 9300 km of high resolution, wide coverage multibeam (Simrad EM12) bathymetric data have been acquired offshore Vietnam during the Ponaga cruise of the R/V L'Atalante in May 1993. Gravity and magnetic measurements, 6-channel seismic data, as well as 6 dredges also have been obtained. East of central Vietnam, the margin displays northeast-...

Mindanao, southern Philippines is the site of an active arc-continent collision which began in the Late Pliocene. The principal tectonic features are faults and blind folds and duplexes which are not easily detectable in this island on which 75% of the surface is covered by Pleistocene and Holocene sediments and volcanics. A detailed study of the d...

Geodetic trilateration/GPS measurements were acquired from experiments conducted in 1991 and 1993 in the central part of the Philippine Fault on Leyte island. Displacement vectors deduced from two least squares adjustments indicate a mean slip rate of 26±10 mm/yr at an azimuth of about N130°E. These values are consistent with the tectonic and kinem...

Extensive paleomagnetic sampling (34 sites) was carried out in Cenozoic formations of the North Arm of Sulawesi (between 120 and 124°E).Consistent results obtained between 120 and 122°E suggest the existence of a unique post-Miocene clockwise rotation of about 20–25° of the western part of the North Arm. This rotation probably occurred during the n...

The collision of India with Asia results in a rapidly changing stress pattern around both Himalayan syntaxes. The maximum compressive stress, which is north- south north of the indenter, fans radially through nearly 180° around the syntaxes to accommodate the necessary strike-slip motion on the edges of the indenter. Thus, the whole Indochina Penin...

NW convergence between the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian margin is accommodated partly by the Philippine Trench and the Philippine Fault. However, subduction still occurs along the Negros Trench and the Molucca Sea collision zone. A kinematic link between the latter features is needed through Mindanao Island. Morpho-structural analysis and...

Landsat imagery, structural analysis and nannoplankton dating of the Rajang-Crocker Belt in northern Borneo defines the geometry, style and timing of the development of various tectonostratigraphic units. These data are integrated with a review of the formations of the area in order to to emphasize the palaeogeographic environments of the units.In...

Nias Island is classically regarded as a typical emergent accretionary wedge. It is a complex belt affected by polyphase tectonics during the Eocene and the Middle Miocene. Sedimentary series are shelf clastics and limestone. The classical "Nias Melange' also appears to be composed of extremely thin mylonites and olistostromic scaly clay localized...

Two volcanic belts are presently juxtaposed on Mindanao Island in the southern Philippines. Southward, the collision is still active in the Molucca Sea which is commonly regarded as a region of doubly verging subduction, plunging eastward below the Halmahera arc and westward below the Sangihe arc. In the Molluca Sea, tectonic features related to th...

The Philippine archipelago is regarded as the product of the Late Cenozoic oblique collision of the Philippine Plate with the thinned margin of Eurasia. The Philippine Mobile Belt is presented, mainly composed by the Philippine arc, a Paleogene volcanic arc belonging to the Philippine Sea Plate and crustal fragments belonging to the Eurasian Plate....

This study of the Bondoc-Masbate-N. Leyte region contributes to an understanding of its Late Cenozoic tectonic evolution. In this region, the Philippine Fault, an active left-lateral slip fault, dissects a region of complex structural history. This structural complexity is attributed to a superposition of three compressive and two tensional tectoni...

Geochemical data and whole-rock ^K-^Ar isotopic ages are presented for more than 50 igneous rocks (a majority of lavas and some plutonic bodies) sampled onshore (Philippine Archipelago: Tablas, Panay, Masbate, Mindanao, northern Borneo (Sabah), and north Sulawesi) around the Celebes and Sulu Seas. These data are compared with the ^K-^Ar ages obtain...

The southern termination of the Manila trench within the South China Sea continental margin in Mindoro is marked by a complex polyphase tectonic fabric in the arc-trench gap area. Onshore Southern Mindoro the active deformation front of the Manila trench is marked by parallel folds and thrusts, grading southward to N50° W-trending left-lateral stri...

The Neogene evolution of Sabah can be interpreted in terms of an arc-continent collision initiated during early Middle Miocene time and followed by intraplate shortening, the latter being active in this area at the present day.The volcanic arc of Late Oligocene-Middle Miocene age is imbricated with melanges and thrust northwestward on a polyphase-d...

The central segment of the Philippine Fault (PF) from Bondoc to Masbate is a relatively complex strike-slip fault. Active structures are marked by extensive and compressive features. A succession of extensional and compressional events is recorded in sedimentary sequences that formed since Oligocene. We need to verify whether the observed superposi...

The Philippine Fault is a Plio-Pleistocene left lateral strike-slip fault. By considering geological and kinematic data, we propose an age of 2 to 4 Ma and a displacement rate of 2 to 3 cm/yr. The Philippine Fault originates from the flip of subduction from West to East along the Philippine Mobile Belt. It is assumed to be the result of the collisi...

A partir des données géophysiques récoltées lors du tour du monde du N/O Jean Charcot, cet article présente une première synthèse des effets produits par la subduction d'aspérités sur la structuration des marges convergentes. Les exemples de zones de subduction étudiées sur le pourtour de l'Océan Pacifique (Japon, Philippines, Nouvelles-Hébrides, T...

The Scarborough Seamount chain, present at the axis of the extinct South China Sea spreading center, is being subducted obliquely along the Manila Trench. A detailed Seabeam survey of this convergent zone reveals that the fabric of the ridge is characterized by N60°E trending normal faults and N130°E transform faults. This ridge can be traced into...

Seabeam mapping and detailed geophysical surveying have been conducted over the eastern and western ends of the Nankai Trough. The eastern survey covers the transition between the large Izu-Bonin (Izu-Ogasawara) Ridge collision with Honshu and the Nankai Trough subduction. It includes a northeast trending basement ridge, the Zenisu Ridge, to the so...