C. Irigaray

• PhD in Geology
• Professor (Full) at University of Granada

Quantitative landslide hazard models provide estimations of the number of landslides per area and time that might be expected in the near future. These models are essential to calculate landslide risk in monetary terms. Although they are very useful tools for managing the activity of unstable slopes, their production calls for a vast amount of spat...

In the research field on landslide hazard assessment for natural risk prediction and mitigation, it is necessary to know the characteristics of the triggering factors, such as rainfall and earthquakes, as well as possible. This work aims to generate and compare the basic information on rainfall events triggering landslides in two areas with differe...

Forward logistic regression and conditional analysis have been compared to assess landslide susceptibility across the whole territory of the Sicilian region (about 25,000 km²) using previously existing data and a nested tiered approach. These approaches were aimed at singling out a statistical correlation between the spatial distribution of landsli...

In areas prone to landslides, the identification of potentially unstable zones has a decisive impact on the risk assessment and development of mitigation plans. Active volcanic islands are particularly prone to instability phenomena as they are always in the early stage of dynamic unrest. A historical example of slope instability is the landslide w...

The Costa Tropical in Granada Province, in Southern Spain, was intensively developed during the 1980s and 90s. A complex of several residential communities was built on the eastern slope of the coastal Cerro Gordo hill (Almuñécar), on the pre-existing Calaiza landslide. This was not identified in the preliminary technical studies, thus giving rise...

Rainfall-induced landslides constitute a major cause of damage and fatalities throughout the intramontane basins of the Andes. The geological and climatic setting plays a key role in the generation of a high number of landslides in this area. For this reason, a greater understanding of the relationship between landslide frequency and climate condit...

This paper compares continuous surfaces obtained by the interpolation of standard penetration test values (Nspt) by depth using deterministic and geostatistical models. The evaluation of the interpolation methods was based on the percent areas of the compactness classes by depth obtained in each method and on the percent errors calculated from the...

Landslide hazard in a region limited to data from a regional scale about triggering factors is assessed via cross tabulation between determining factors and landslides with recent activity. Firstly, landslide susceptibility was evaluated and validated through a bivariate statistical method between the previously identified stability conditioning fa...

This paper presents a review of the data acquisition procedures of geotechnical parameters for rock slope stability assessment and the proposal of some new improvements. For this purpose, a piece of research based on the slope mass rating classification system using close-range terrestrial digital photogrammetry (CR-TDP) has led to improvements in...

In this work a detailed analysis of the temporal evolution of the Almegíjar landslide is presented. It is a rock slide located in the Alpujarras region (Granada, Spain) that has developed over the last 30 years. Six datasets and photogrammetric flights corresponding to the years 1956, 1984, 1992, 2001, 2008, and 2010 were surveyed. The more recent...

In the last several decades, population growth in the cities of the Andes has caused urban areas to expand into landslide-prone areas. Fatal landslides affecting urban settlements are especially frequent in cities located in the Neogene intramontane basins of the Andes. These basins have similar situations and include geographical and geological fe...

The denudation of young reliefs prone to landslides can have severe consequences for society and the environment. However, landslide databases and the additional information (landslide type, date and triggering factors) necessary to deal with landslide hazard assessment and the development of effective and reliable landslide warning systems are usu...

The spatial prediction of the water table can be used for many applications related to civil works (foundations, excavations) and other urban and environmental management activities. Deterministic and geostatistical interpolation methods were used to predict the spatial distribution of water table levels (unconfined aquifers) of important geologica...

In the procedures to minimize diachronic landslides, data on their temporal evolution and destructive capacities are necessary. For that purpose, remote-detection techniques proved to be highly useful for quantifying the ongoing change in the relief, as well as in comparisons between digital terrain models achieved by Light Detection and Ranging. T...

In this work, a simple methodology is presented for processing high-resolution topographical data over wide areas. It is based on digital elevation model of differences (DEMoD) among high-resolution digital models (HRDEM) produced from lightdetection and ranging (LiDAR) data. Because these qualitative approaches based on HRDEMs can be affected by e...

Forward logistic regression has allowed us to derive an earth-flow susceptibility model for the Tumarrano river basin, which was defined by modeling the statistical relationships between an archive of 760 events and a set of 20 predictors. For each landslide in the inventory, a landslide identification point (LIP) was automatically produced as corr...

The Southern flank of Sierra Nevada and coastal Mediterranean areas of South Spain, in the Andalusian Granada Province, a high number of urban settlements and roads have been affected by landslides and instability problems since the fifties. In this period, a very quick economic development with an intense annual increase of touristic demand gave p...

The results of a geotechnical research on Holocene alluvial deposits in 14 municipalities of the Granada basin are presented, and a procedure to draw a geotechnical map of foundation conditions, using ArcGIS 9.3 (ESRI 2009) is described. Three different alluvial soil units were distinguished: (1) cohesive soils; (2) cohesive and fine granular soil;...

This paper presents a new, fast and economical method for digitizing a rock surface profile to determine its joint roughness coefficient (JRC) value (Barton and Choubey, Rock Mech Rock Eng 10:1–54, 1977) using a set of existing parameters, the appropriateness of which has been tested. The new procedure was applied to four rock road cuts in the Alpu...

In this work a methodology for preparing landslides susceptibility and hazard maps is presented, based in a bivariate analysis between past movements and determinant factors. The methodology for determining the susceptibility is an adaptation of the matrix method to a GIS, and it has been tested and validated in different zones and environments of...

In this work several techniques for the elaboration of landslides databases are compared. The used techniques are the digitalization on ortophotographies (monoplotting), the digitalization on aerial photographs and geometrical correction, the translate to a topographical map and digitalization, and, finally, the stereoplotting using digital photogr...

During the diachronic evolution of landslides, slope-morphology changes may be detected and assessed by using high-resolution digital models. Slope deformation is detected by scanning sequences over a given time period. This paper presents the results found combining TLS digital models and Global Navigation Satellite Systems in the detection and as...

A procedure to select the controlling factors connected to the slope instability has been defined. It allowed to assess the landslide susceptibility in the Rio Beiro basin (about 10 km2) over the north-eastern area of the city of Granada (Spain). Field and remote (Google EarthTM) recognition techniques allowed to generate a landslide inventory cons...

El objetivo del proyecto es la mejora del aprendizaje de la asignatura Mecánica del Suelo y Rocas. Geotecnia de 2º curso del Grado en Ingeniería Civil mediante la resolución de problemas y el uso de las NTIC. Se han realizado las siguientes tareas: 1. Revisión de información y formación, 2. Selección de un conjunto representativo de problemas demos...

Para facilitar el aprendizaje del alumnado, los profesores del Área de Ingeniería del Terreno del Departamento de Ingeniería Civil de la Universidad de Granada, dentro de su compromiso con la calidad, mejora e innovación docente, han venido proporcionando desde su constitución en la Universidad de Granada en 1989, y con anterioridad desde el inicio...

This paper presents a methodology for the stability analysis of cuts in rock slopes. A kinematic analysis of the different types of failure (planar, wedge, and toppling) is developed using GIS, following which a probabilistic analysis is made of the limit equilibrium in slopes where the conditions for kinematic failure are satisfied. The results we...

Granada and its metropolitan area lie on the eastern edge of a basin where the foothills rise into the adjacent Sierra Nevada (3,482 m). On the west the valley is bordered by several faulted, Quaternary-age alluvial fans and by dissected terraces of the Genil River. Landscape evolution from about Tortonian to Pleisto-cene time is reflected by relic...

estabilidad. Los datos del análisis reflejan que el 15% de la zona estudiada muestra una susceptibilidad a los movimientos de moderada a muy alta que, a su vez, coincide con lugares donde se encuentran la mayoría de las infraestructuras públicas de la región. Además, los valores registrados en la validación mediante el grado de ajuste están por enc...

In recent years, several biomass power plants have been installed in Southeastern Spain to reuse olive oil industry residues. This energy production tries to reduce the high costs associated with fossil fuels, but without entering into direct competition to traditional food crops. The waste management in these biomass energy plants is still an issu...

This paper presents four case studies of the geotechnical characteristics of foundation design under seismic conditions in towns located in the province of Granada (Spain). Much of this province is affected by seismic activity caused by active faults in the Betic Cordillera, the Alborán Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, and the area around the northern bord...

A procedure to select the controlling factors connected to the slope instability has been defined. It allowed us to assess the landslide susceptibility in the Rio Beiro basin (about 10 km2) over the northeastern area of the city of Granada (Spain). Field and remote (Google EarthTM) recognition techniques allowed us to generate a landslide inventory...

Underlying the metropolitan area of Granada (southern Spain) exist thick Quaternary sediments with Holocene deposits extending more than 200 m. In addition, there is a substantial shallow groundwater reservoir where the water table is at a depth of only a few meters in its NW zone. This study assesses local liquefaction throughout the area. We have...

El cálculo de la susceptibilidad a licuefacción, para suelos arenosos y suelos finos (arcillosos y/o limosos), se ha realizado siguiendo un método basado en Seed et al. (2003) y Bray & Sancio (2006), para un evento sísmico similar al acaecido en 1431 en Granada. Se ha usado una gran base de datos con la que se han analizado y cartografiado aspectos...

A procedure to select the controlling factors con-nected to the slope instability has been defined. It allowed us to assess the landslide susceptibility in the Rio Beiro basin (about 10 km 2) over the northeastern area of the city of Granada (Spain). Field and remote (Google EarthTM) recog-nition techniques allowed us to generate a landslide invent...

A procedure to select the controlling factors connected to the slope instability has been defined. It allowed to assess the landslide susceptibility in the Rio Beiro basin (about 10 km2) over the north‐eastern area of the city of Granada (Spain). Field and remote (Google EarthTM) recognition techniques allowed to generate a landslide inventory cons...

During the diachronic evolution of landslides, slope-morphology changes may be detected and assessed by using high-resolution digital models. Slope deformation is detected by scanning sequences over a given time period. This paper presents the results found combining TLS digital models and Global Navigation Satellite Systems in the detection and as...

The aim of this study was to construct risk maps for the presence of the dominant Leishmania infantum vector, P. perniciosus, and check its usefulness (a) to predict the risk of canine leishmaniasis and (b) to define effective leishmaniasis control measures. We obtained data for the presence/absence of P. perniciosus at 167 sampling sites in southe...

The temporal and spatial evolution of a landslide is a diachronic process which begins at a given moment in time, and attains a duration or degree of diachroneity, together with activity stages described by specific patterns of velocity, volume, and destruc-tive capacity. Monochronal landslides lead the displaced materials to reach, quickly (in few...

Landslide susceptibility is analysed in a semi-arid mountain environment, on the southern slope of Sierra Nevada. In a study area of 460 km 2, 252 landslides were inventoried, affecting 3.2% of the total surface area. These landslides were mainly slides and flows on phyllite, schist and marble units in the Inner Zone of the Betic Cordillera. The mo...

Using a GIS, this paper presents a methodology based on the results for the kinematic analysis of slope or road-cut stability for plane slides and wedges of rock massifs. Some of the data were derived from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) while other data were compiled from statistical analyses of geotechnical and slope data measured on site, and st...

Jornadas sobre Innovación Docente y Adaptación al EEES en las Titulaciones Técnicas

In this paper, ModelBuilderTM in ArcGIS (ESRI) has been applied to landslide-susceptibility analysis, mapping and validation. The models (scripts), available for direct downloading as an ArcGIS tool, allow landslide susceptibility to be computed in a given region, providing a landslide-susceptibility map, with the GIS matrix method, and ensuring a...

A Differential Interferometric SAR (DInSAR) analysis of terrain displacements in the province of Granada (southern Spain) is presented here for two different study zones. The first zone concerns the Guadalfeo River Basin, where abundant landslides and unstable slopes were previously identified and inventoried on a GIS application. However, no instr...

The Betic Cordillera includes a number of formations where marl and clay predominates.....

Landslide incidence in urban areas of the city of Granada, and main towns with more of 20.000 inhabitants in the province.....

In this work we present the first results of an analysis applied to detection of landslides features using remote sensing techniques in rock masses at the Betic Cordilleras (southern Spain). After geometric and radiometric corrections, several techniques are used to facilitate a first visual approach to landslide identification, from enhancement an...

This study proposes a method to determine zones gentler or steeper than the equilibrium slope angle based on rock mass strength (RMS) and to regionalize the parameters. The method was developed using GIS and applied to rock masses of the Alpujarride Complex (Granada, Spain). 41% of the natural slopes studied have angles lower than the equilibrium d...

We present a new method for evaluating relative active tectonics based on geomorphic indices useful in evaluating morphology and topography. Indices used include: stream length-gradient index (SL), drainage basin asymmetry (Af), hypsometric integral (Hi), ratio of valley-floor width to valley height (Vf), index of drainage basin shape (Bs), and ind...

A help support for users of the model (script) for the analysis, mapping and valida-tion of landslide susceptibility by means of the GIS matrix model (copyright code 200799900362531) is here presented. This model was developed in the Environmen-tal Researches Group: Geological Hazards and Terrain Engineering (RNM 121) of the University of Granada (...

This work presents the results of applying the matrix method in a Geographic Information System (GIS) to the drawing of maps of susceptibility to slope movements in different sectors of the Betic Cordillera (southern Spain). In addition, the susceptibility models built by the matrix method were compared with a multivariate statistical method, and t...

Introduccion

A series of models for the analysis of landslide susceptibility developed using Mod-elBuilder in ArcGIS are here presented. These models permit not only the calculation of landslide susceptibility levels of terrain units but also the final validation of the ob-tained landslide susceptibility maps and its availability to be downloaded as ArcGIS tool...

El análisis del riesgo sísmico en zonas urbanas ha carecido tradicionalmente de estudios que lo abordaran de forma integral. En general, o bien sólo se consideran los aspectos relacionados con la calidad en la edificación sin tener en cuenta el efecto de sitio, o bien sólo se estudia la peligrosidad. La evaluación del riesgo debe abordar, además de...

In this work several techniques for the elaboration of landslides databases are compared. The used techniques are the digitalization on ortophotographies (monoplotting), the digitalization on aerial photographs and geometrical correction, the translate to a topographical map and digitalization, and, finally, the stereoplotting using digital photogr...

IAEG Commission No. 1—Engineering Geological Maps—is developing a guide to hazard maps. Scientists from 17 countries have participated. This paper is one of a series that presents the results of that work. It provides a general review of GIS landslide mapping techniques and basic concepts of landslide mapping. Three groups of maps are considered: m...

First results obtained using DInSAR techniques are here presented showing low to very low velocity of two deep seated planar slides on metamorphic rocks of the Alpujarride Complex are presented. The slides were considerable inactive after field and aerial photography survey along the last ten years, despite the observation of fresh geomorphic featu...

In the SW border of Sierra Nevada (Granada, Spain) metamorphic materials of the Alpujarride and Nevado-Filabride Complexes are cropping out as also Neogene and Quaternary post-orogenic deposits. Landslides of different types are abundant and damages to local and regional roads and other infrastructures, villages, cultivations and private properties...

Because of the influence of carbonates on the geotechnical properties of foundation and construction materials in civil engineering, a simple, precise, and inexpensive method of determining soil-carbonate content is needed. A large number of methods exist to determine the carbonate content in soils; but, for diverse reasons (precision (accuracy), c...

En este trabajo se describen los resultados obtenidos de la aplicación del método de la matriz en un SIG a la elaboración de mapas de susceptibilidad a los movimientos de ladera en diversos sectores de la Cordillera Bética. Igualmente se ofrecen datos obtenidos sobre su utilidad como mapas previsores de zonas inestables. La validación de la utilida...

In Conesa García, C. y Martínez Guevara, J.B. (Eds) “Territorio y Medioambiente: Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información Geográfica” Grupo de Métodos Cuantitativos, SIG y Teledetección (Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles) y Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Murcia. Aportaciones al XI Congreso de Métodos Cuantitativos, Sistemas de Inf...

Desde 1989 el Area de Ingeniería del Terreno de la Universidad de Granada ha venido proporcionando los protocolos para la realización de prácticas y ensayos de mecánica de suelos a los alumnos de las asignaturas que requieren tales contenidos. Las asignaturas interesadas son: ETS Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos: Mecánica de Suelos y Rocas...

Diseño gráfico de un mapa de susceptibilidad a los movimientos de ladera Los mapas de susceptibilidad a los movimientos de ladera son una herramienta muy útil para la previsión y prevención de este fenómeno que, aunque poco espectacular, constituye uno de los procesos de riesgos que mayores costos suponen a largo plazo en España. Las metodologías m...

En este trabajo se describe una metodología para la elaboración de mapas de susceptibilidad a los movimientos de ladera así como para comprobar su utilidad como mapas previsores de zonas inestables. Los mapas de susceptibilidad se basan en el método de la matriz que consiste en establecer un índice de inestabilidad en una determinada zona, para cad...

This article presents a method to map landslide susceptibility in rock massifs using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The method is based on making an inventory of rupture zones of different types of slope movements and then analysing the bivariate correlation of these with the factors that determine instability. After determining the factor...

The geomechanical classification SMR (Slope Mass Rating) enables the preliminary assessment of the susceptibility of rock slopes to failure. The SMR index is obtained from Bieniawski's basic RMR (Rock Mass Rating) through an ``adjustment factor'' and an ``excavation factor''. Since its appearance in 1985, this classification has been used for appra...

This article presents a method to map landslide susceptibility in rock massifs using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The method is based on making an inventory of rupture zones of different types of slope movements and then analysing the bivariate correlation of these with the factors that determine instability. After determining the factor...

Fine-grained, more or less cohesive carbonate materials are extremely widespread in terms of surface area and are, therefore, commonly used as materials to construct impermeable cores for dams. However, it has not been adequately documented whether the carbonate content in fine-grained soils significantly affects their engineering behaviour. The pr...

La formation marneuse du Pliocène de la dépression de Tétouan-Martil est divisée en deux niveaux dont les caractéristiques géotechniques sont évaluées sur 30 échantillons. Dans les argiles bleues prédominent les argiles actives de faible altérabilité à l'eau et forte plasticité, de haute à très haute expansivité. Celles-ci passent vers le sommet de...

La clasificación geomecánica SMR (Slope Mass Rating) constituye un método de estudio de la susceptibilidad a la rotura de taludes rocosos. El índice SMR se obtiene a partir de RMR (Rock Mass Rating) básico de Bieniawski, de un “factor de ajuste” que es función de la orientación y buzamiento del talud y de las discontinuidades y de un “factor de exc...

The analysis of samples taken from the Neogene and Cretaceous marly series of the Granada and Guadix basins (south east Spain) shows an inverse correlation between the clay content and the residual friction angle. It has been verified that the carbonate fraction of the soil has a significant influence on the residual friction angle; there is a thre...

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records...

In this study the reliability and usefulness of a methodology for landslide susceptibility mapping is analyzed by means of different statistical coefficients. The study area lies at the confluen¬ce of the southern Spanish provinces of Cordoba, Granada and Malaga, and covers an area of approximately 503 km2. Most of the geological outcrops fall with...

A methodology is proposed for mapping susceptibility to landsliding and validating the results. Heavy rains in late 1996 and early 1997 led to a large number of landslids in the Rute sector (Córdoba, Southern Spain), where landslide susceptibility mapping had previously been carried out using a ‘matrix’ method developed with a Geographical Informat...

Introducctión: Son numerosas las publicaciones que----

After a period of years with annual average amount of rainfall below the long term annual average during which few cases of naturally triggered landslides were recorded, the rainy season of 1996/97 gave place to new historical records in wide areas of the Betic Cordillera (Southern Spain). These heavy rains led to partial reactivation of many old l...

Analysis of 171 samples taken from the Neogene cohesive soils of the Southeastern edge of the Granada basin shows inverse correlation between carbonate content and dispersion index and swelling behaviour and direct correlations between carbonate content and shear strength. This paper shows that carbonate content and clay fraction activity have a gr...