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Introduction
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Publications
Publications (114)
Introduction: Diabetes is characterized by high blood sugar levels or hyperglycemia causing the increase of free radicals which increase the risk of various diseases. Ya-Hom Teppajid which consists of 45 plants and their properties had shown anti-diabetic activities in some herbs and the rest of the herbs have not been studied for these activities....
Background:
Prasachandaeng (PSD) remedy has been empirically used in Thai traditional medicine to treat fever in bile duct and liver and cancer patients through Thai folk doctors. However, there have been no scientific reports on the bioactive compounds and bioactivities related to inflammation-associated carcinogenesis or cytotoxicity against can...
Prasachandaeng (PSD) remedy from the Thailand National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM) has been used as an antipyretic for chronic fever in both adults and children for centuries. Its therapeutic effect in treating fever and its safety have not been studied in animal models. We evaluated its antipyretic activity on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induc...
Background and purpose: Benjakul (BJK) is a combination of five botanical herbal constituents widely used in Thai traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory remedy. This study aimed to develop a novel topical microemulsion containing BJK for clinical use.
Experimental approach: The microemulsions were produced by a phase inversion temperature (PI...
Background:
Utilization of Thai traditional medicine (TTM) was considered in menstrual-cycle-related signs and symptoms (MCSs) to evaluate women's health. TTM clinicians diagnosed the MCSs by signs, symptoms, and associated factors of patients including a physical examination to find patterns of imbalance elements and the origin of the disorder to...
Zanthoxylum rhetsa has been consumed in the diet in northern Thailand and also used as a medicament in ancient scripture for arthropathies. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the activity of various extracts from differential parts of Z. rhetsa via inhibition of inflammatory mediators (NO, TNF-α, and PGE2) in RAW264.7 macrophages. The chemical comp...
Background and purpose:
Benjakul, a traditional Thai formulation for cancer treatment, is composed of five plants. This study aimed to assess the cytotoxicity of Benjakul, its five plants, and its isolated compounds against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay.
Experimental approach:
Analyses of cell cycle and m...
Crinum asiaticum Linn. has been used in Thai traditional medicine to relieve inflammatory symptoms and treat osteoarthritis. There have been reports on its potent anti-inflammatory property but nothing on the effects of different pretreatments on its chemical properties and anti-inflammatory activity. Pretreatment of herbal raw materials is an impo...
Sahastara (SHT) remedy is a Thai traditional medicine described in the Thai National List of Essential Medicine (NLEM) for the relief of muscle pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of SHT remedy extract capsule for treating primary OA. A phase 2, double-blind, randomized, and controlled trial study was used to...
This study aimed to investigate in vitro cytotoxic activity of selected plant ingredients from a traditional Thai remedy for the treatment of cancer patients against cancer cells occurring in women such as MCF-7 (breast cancer), SKOV3 (ovarian cancer), and HeLa (cervical cancer) cell lines. The plants and the remedy were macerated with 95% ethanol...
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Prasachandaeng (PSD) remedy is a famous antipyretic drug for adults and children in Thai Traditional medicine used and is described in Thailand’s National List of Essential Medicine. Relationship between the taste of this herbal medicine,ethnopharmacological used and its pharmacological properties was reviewed.
Aims...
Benjakul (BJK) is a Thai traditional remedy consisting of five plants: Piper chaba Hunt., Piper sarmentosum Roxb., Piper interruptum Opiz., Plumbago indica Linn., and Zingiber officinale Roscoe. It is used as a first-line drug to balance patient’s symptoms before other treatments. BJK ethanolic extract has been reported to show anti-inflammatory ac...
Natural products are used as alternative drugs in traditional medicine to treat infection and inflammation and relieve pain. Heartwood of Cassia garettiana Craib has been investigated as an ingredient in Thai traditional medicine for anti-HIV protease, but there is no report on its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. The objectives of t...
Skin ensures that a constant internal environment can be maintained in an ever-changing external environment. When a wound occurs on the skin, the inflammatory and proliferative phases are initiated in response to injury. Thai traditional medicine (TTM), using medicinal plants and ancient knowledge, has been used to treat wounds. Eight Thai medicin...
There is evidence that optimal nutrition is fundamental to human health and in the prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) later in adult life. The identification, production and consumption of functional foods worldwide can increase health benefits for all who can access and afford such foods subject to advice from nutritionists. Recent mee...
Thirteen plants and their parts acquired from southern Thailand were investigated for their polysaccharide contents and prebiotic properties. The fresh, ground samples were extracted with 50% and 95% ethanol and water at ambient and boil-ing temperatures. The extracts were freeze-dried, digested with HCl buffer and -amylase, and indigestible polys...
Three Thailand rice varieties (cv. Niaw Dam Peuak Dam, Sangyod Phatthalung and Chiang Phatthalung) were germinatedand their -aminobutyric acid (GABA) content was monitored. Optimum germination conditions to maximize GABAcontent in brown rice were determined. The brown rice was first soaked in various solutions (buffer solution pH 2, 3, 5, and 7and...
Nutraceuticals and functional foods have become an important tool for consumers to manage their health and wellness. Pre-, pro-, and synbiotics are a part of this group of products shown to have properties that can modulate gastrointestinal problems and improve general health and well being. Prebiotics are polysaccharides that can withstand acidic...
Shelf life extension of peeled rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L. cv. Rongrien) by a combination of modified atmosphere packaging and storage at 4°C was investigated. The minimal process was conducted in a temperature-controlled (25°C) room. The optimum solution for soaking peeled rambutan at 4°C for 3 min. prior to packaging consisted of 0.5% citric...
Sangyod Muang Phatthalung Rice is one of the local rice variety planted in the Southern Thailand, in particular Phattalung province. Germination of brown rice was investigated to determine the optimum condition that would maximize of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content. Brown rice was first soaking in various solutions (phosphate buffer pH 7, citrat...
Thirteen Thai crops including banana, okra, jackfruit, germinated rice, rambutan, durian, jampadah, huasa potato,tamarind, coconut, mango, fan palm fruit and dioscorea tuber were tested for anti-allergic effect using RBL-2H3 cells andanti-microbial activity. These 13 crops, some of which included different parts, e.g. skin, flesh, and seed, were ex...
Respiration rate at 4oC and minimal processing of rambutan cv. ‘Rong-Rien’ were investigated. Rambutan was harvested from Amphur Ban Na San, Surat Thani Province, at the stage when its skin was turning into a combination of red, green and yellow. After harvesting, the fruits were size-graded to 27-30 fruits/kg, hydrocooled to 14oC, packed with ice...
Southeast Asia, the food bowl of Asia, covers 11 countries (i.e. Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia,
Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam). Their diet consists principally of rice or noodles as the staple food, fish
as the main source of protein, fruits and vegetables, and herbs and spices. Their cooking style is str...
Effects of germination process and germination time on selected physico-chemical, eating and sensorial properties of germinated brown rice were studied. Germination process included soaking rice in water for 6 or 12 h before draining and leaving it to germinate for the periods of 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 h. Results showed that effects of germination pro...
Hydrolysis of Alcalase 0.6L of canola meal increased its soluble protein content, thereby reducing fermentation time necessary for production of a condiment similar to soy sauce. Using soluble nitrogen content of the hydrolysate as a criterion, and with the aid of response surface methodology, optimum conditions for the enzymatic reaction were: 69°...
The possibility of increasing the Ca content of quarg product by using rhubarb stalk puree or juice in the manufacturing process was investigated. the studies included (1) production of quarg using rhubarb stalk puree or juice as coagulant; (2) determination of Ca absorption from the quarg products made with rhubarb; and (3) modifying the oxalate c...
The compositional and organoleptic quality of canola sauce, a condiment similar to soy sauce, was improved by inoculating Pediococcus halophilus, Saccharomyces rouxii and Torulopsis versatilis into canola mash during the moromi stage fermentation. Before inoculation, these microorganisms were cultivated in media containing 18% (w/v NaCl until cell...
ABSTRACTA glucose oxidase preparation with an activity of 750 glucose oxidase units (GOU)/g was used to reduce nonenzymatic browning discoloration in potato chips and French fries. Dipping potato slices in 0.04 - 0.10% (v/v) enzyme solution at 40°C for 30 min before frying increased the L value of the chips by about 5. the treatment yielded a produ...
To reduce fermentation time in canola sauce production canola meal was hydrolyzed with Alcalase 0.6L for 2 h before mixing with roasted wheat and Aspergillus cultures to form koji. After 72 h incubation 18% brine solution was added to the koji to prepare moromi, which was left to ferment for 5 weeks before canola sauce was extracted and pasteurized...
Two commercial glucose oxidase preparations, DeeO 1500 and Fermcozyme CBB-750, were investigated for their activities and use in decreasing glucose levels in Norland and Shepody potatoes. When DeeO was added at 0.01% by weight of peeled potatoes, glucose of potato extracts of both cultivars was decreased by about 22% when the extracts were first bl...
ABSTRACTA sauce produced by fermenting rapeseed meal (RM) and wheat with Aspergillus oryzae and/or Aspergillus soyae for 1 yr was found comparable in its acceptability to a commercial soy sauce. During the fermentation the soluble solids in the liquor increased rapidly during the first 10 wk from 22.5% to 35.5% and then remained unchanged until the...
Changes in total content and fractions of pectic substances and starch were studied in a freeze-thaw process for potato granule production consisting of peeling, steam cooking, hot mashing, freezing and thawing, pre-drying, granulation, drying, cooling and sifting. Pectic substances in raw potatoes (expressed as mg uronide/netted Gem 100g dry wt) w...
Physicochemical properties of freeze-thaw (F-T) and add-back (A-B) potato granules, such as swelling power (SP), water-holding capacity (WHC), degree of starch retrogradation, moisture change, and rate of rehydration were monitored over about 100 wk of storage. SP of both types of granules decreased to minima after 40 wk then increased on further s...
The antimicrobial activity of vanillin against four bacteria (Pantoea agglomerans, Aeromonas enteropelogenes, Micrococcus lylae, and Sphingobacterium spiritovorun), four fungi (Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., and Fusarium sp.), and three unidentified yeasts isolated from spoiling fresh-cut mango slices was verified in laboratory m...
Whole mangoes (Mangifera indica, cv. Chok Anun) were washed in water with or without chlorine (100 mg total chlorine/L) at 11.7 ºC and 50 ºC before slicing and packaging. Microbiological analysis of the whole fruit showed that the stem scar contained larger populations of microorganisms than the skin. Washing reduced populations at both sites and t...
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) leaves and seeds have been used extensively for medicinal purposes. Fenugreek seed is known to exhibit anti-diabetic and anti-nociceptive properties and effects such as hypocholesterolaemic, anti-cancer and thyroxine-induced hyperglycaemia. Our research objectives have been to identify the chemical constitue...
The substitution of wheat flour with barley flour (i.e. native or pretreated/extruded) reduced the loaf volume. Depending on the barley variety and flour pretreatments, the colour and firmness/texture of the bread loaves were altered. Amongst the barley breads prepared from native flours (at 15% barley flour substitution level), Phoenix had higher...
The substitution of wheat flour with barley flours altered the bread loaf volume, colour and bread crumb firmness. These changes were found to be dependent on the barley cultivar, substitution level and flour treatment. In native form, Phoenix barley flour at 15% substitution produced breads with bigger loaf volume and softer crumb than Candle barl...
Echinacea has been known for its immunostimulatory activity, and its alkylamide components have been linked to such biological activity. Consequently, alkylamides in Echinacea angustifolia were extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide from fresh and dried roots at 45-60 degrees C and 34-55 MPa, and the alkylamide yield in the extracts was deter...
Germination time and conditions for wheat grain were studied to determine optimum conditions that would maximize the production of antioxidants. Wheat grains were first steeped in water for 24 or 48 h, followed by incubation in the dark for 9 d at 98% RH and 16.5 degrees C. The changes in the concentration of vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, feruli...
Diabetes is characterized by hyperphagia and increased absorption of nutrients from the small intestine coupled with inadequate insulin secretion. Ingestion of fermentable fiber by non-diabetic rats is associated with increased intestinal proglucagon mRNA and greater postprandial release of glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1). To determine if food intake...
Both experimental and clinical studies have indicated that a novel source of dietary fibre, produced from rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum) stalks, is potentially hypolipidaemic. The present study, using C57BL/6J mice, was undertaken to examine if this fibre source affects cholesterol degradation. Mice were maintained on semi-purified diets containing 50...
A new fiber source was developed by blanching, drying and grinding the fresh stalks of rhubarb, an underutilized and universal crop. The product was found to contain 74% total dietary fiber (66% insoluble and 8% soluble dietary fiber), on dry weight basis. Preliminary studies involving experimental animals and hypercholesterolemic subjects revealed...
The present study was undertaken to examine the lipid lowering effects of rhubarb fiber prepared by blanching and drying fresh rhubarb stalks. The new fiber source contained 74% dietary fiber, on dry weight basis, with 66% insoluble and 8% soluble fiber.
Ten hypercholesterolemic men were assigned to consume 27 g of ground rhubarb stalk fiber per da...
Previous work demonstrated that a high fiber diet upregulates proglucagon mRNA and secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1(7-37)) and insulin compared with an elemental fiber-free diet. This study examined whether similar intakes of fibers differing in physiochemical and fermentative properties alter the expression of intestinal hormones and in...
Potato shreds of 'Netted Gem' cultivar, approximately (12.7-38.1) × 8 × 1.5 mm in size were precooked in calcium chloride (200 ppm as Ca2+) solution, steam cooked (10 min), dipped in combined solution of glycerol (5%) and monoglyceride (0.1%) emulsion and then dried in a fluid-bed drier. The drying rate was found to increase through the extension o...
Ground rhubarb stalk fiber containing, on a dry weight basis, 74% total dietary fiber (66% insoluble and 8% soluble) was prepared from rhubarb plants. This fiber source has been shown to have a pronounced lipid lowering effect in mice. Its high oxalic acid content may, however, be a limiting factor for its use. The present study was undertaken to d...
Soluble dietary fibers have been shown to reduce total plasma cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, the two important risk factors for coronary heart disease. Multiple mechanisms appear to be involved in the hypocholesterolemic response, and data indicate that the profile of operating mechanisms may vary considerably among different dietary fiber source...
A gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) method was investigated for estimation of vapor pressures of fatty acid esters (FAE) with emphasis on ω-3 fatty acids. Specific retention data obtained from GLC were used to determine vapor pressures of ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acid esters at 200–230°C. Higher volatility of fatty acids with increasing ω number suggested h...
ω-3 fatty acids have been known to have potential health benefits. These fatty acids are currently in demand in pure form by clinicians to further the understanding of their mechanism of action in the human system. The chemistry sources of ω-3 fatty acids and processing methods for extraction and purification will be summarized in this review. Emph...
Dried and ground rhubarb stalk fiber containing, on a dry weight basis, 74% total dietary fiber (66% insoluble and 8% soluble) was prepared from rhubarb plants grown in the province of Alberta, Canada. Effect of this fiber source on the plasma and liver concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides as well as the hepatic microsomal activities of...
Plasma lipoprotein cholesterol and hepatic activities of hydroxymethyl glutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR) and acyl CoA cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) in mice fed a semi-synthetic diet supplemented with 5% low methoxyl pectin with or without addition of 0.5% cholesterol for 4 weeks were examined. While plasma concentrations of total cholesterol and t...
Regular solution theory was applied for the modeling of binary vapor-liquid equilibria of SC CO2 and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ethyl esters. The mathematical relationship between the critical phase solubility of both esters and solubility parameter for SC C02 was de termined to be logarithmic. Correlations were pres...
Proximate composition of wild and cultured strains of Palmaria palmata and the effect of temperature, time of harvest and nitrogen deprivation were studied with an emphasis on lipids and fatty acids. Total lipid content of the two strains were 2.0 and 1.8% (dry weight basis), respectively. The cultured strain showed increased accumulation of protei...
Casein micelles obtained from skim milk concentrated three or five times by UF were mixed with agar and embedded in resin, and their thin sections were examined by transmission electron microscopy. The examination revealed roughly spherical particles with a wide range of sizes similar to the range of sizes found in unaltered skim milk. However, the...
The bakery industry in the U.S. shipped about $22 billion worth of bakery products in 1987, representing approximately 7% of total value of food and kindred products in the same year [36]. In Canada, with population about 10% that of the U.S., the bakery industry shipped $1.33 billion worth of products, representing about 4% of total food industry...
Man has always been interested in the preservation of food to extend its storage life. Preservation methods may have begun with sun drying in the tropics; or in the temperate zones, with sun drying during the summer, and atmospheric freezing during the winter. Natural fermentation is another means of food preservation used since ancient times, espe...
There are five key elements that must be considered to achieve the optimum effect of MAP: the initial microbiological state of the food; temperature control; the gas mixture; the barrier film; and the packaging equipment [29]. The effects of microbial load and gas atmospheres on shelf life of foods have been discussed in previous chapters. In this...
As research into and industrial applications of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) evolved many constraints as well as opportunities related to this technology have become apparent. The constraints are largely the results of incomplete understanding of scientific principles underlying this system of food preservation, and the lack of technical kno...
At the 50th Anniversary Meeting of the Institute of Food Technologists the ten most significant innovations in food science developed during the past 50 years were named (Food Technology, September 1989). Among the "Top 10" innovations, controlled atmosphere packaging (CAP) for fruits and vegetables was listed 5th in order of importance. Of course,...
English style crumpets of aw 0.cntdot.98 and pH of 6.cntdot.0 were packaged in a CO2:N2 (60:40) gas mixture, stored at 25.degree.C and 30.degree.C and monitored for changes in package volume. For packages stored at 25.degree.C, package volume decreased during the initial storage period. Subsequent in-package CO2 production resulted in all packages...
Cowpea flour, starch and protein were successfully used as substituents in a wide range of food products, either as protein supplements or alternative ingredients. Acceptable soft buns were produced from ingredients in which wheat flour was substituted at the level of 10%, by weight, with dry‐ or wet‐dehulled cowpea flour, or 20% with dry‐milled co...
De la farine et des fractions d'amidon et de protéine de niébé rouge obtenues de procédés de mouture sec et humide furent évaluées pour leurs qualités chimiques et nutritionnelles. L'amidon de niébé rouge contenait 24.2% d'amylose, légèrement plus que l'amidon d'ambérique avec 21.2% d'amylose. Les sucres de la farine de niébé rouge par le procédé s...
Red cowpea flours, starch and protein were prepared using dry and wet processing methods. At optimum condition, dry dehulling with an abrasive dehuller gave 75% yield of dehulled seeds with 30% hull remaining and 18% cotyledon loss compared with 70% yield, 2% hull remaining and 20% cotyledon loss from wet dehulling of soaked seeds (8–10 h at 30°C)...
Physicochemical and functional properties of dry- and wet-milled red cowpea flour, protein and starch were evaluated. Bulk density of drymilled red cowpea protein was lower than that of wet-milled protein isolate. Dry-milled starch was darker than wet-milled starch. Gelatinization temperature of starch (64–68–74°C) was quite similar to that of mung...
Effects of water activity, pH, storage temperature, concentration of potassium sorbate, CO2 concentration in the package headspace and inoculum level on growth of Aspergillus niger, the major spoilage isolate of English style crumpets, was studied on an agar model system using an experimental design termed Response Surface Methodology. The initial...
Air samples were taken with a Biotest RCS Air Sampler from the preparation and packaging areas of four bakeries in Edmonton and one in Calgary. The samples were analysed for microbial load in terms of total counts and yeast and mold counts. Total counts ranged from 180 to 5600 CFU/m3 in the preparation area and 110 to 1300 CFU/m3 in the packaging a...
Studies to determine the effect of ethanol vapor on growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the spoilage isolate of gas packaged apple turnovers were undertaken. Ethanol vapor was generated from a commercially available preparation Ethicap which releases a controlled amount of ethanol vapor into package headspace. The effectiveness of ethanol vapor aga...
Studies to determine the effect of ethanol vapor on growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the spoilage isolate of gas packaged apple turnovers were undertaken. Ethanol vapor was generated from a commercially available preparation Ethicap which releases a controlled amount of ethanol vapor into package headspace. The effectiveness of ethanol vapor aga...
PDA plates inoculated with mould spores were packaged in air and in a mixture of (60 : 40) with headspace oxygen adjusted to range from <0·05% to 10% () and stored at 25°C. Those packaged in air showed mould growth after 1–1·5 d, while those in the gas mixture showed growth between 4–6 d after headspace oxygen reached a minimum concentration of 0·4...
Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, Department of Food Science. Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Alberta, 1987.