Bujar Raufi

• Doctor of Philosophy
• Professor (Assistant) at Technological University Dublin

Background: Creating models to differentiate self-reported mental workload perceptions is challenging and requires machine learning to identify features from EEG signals. EEG band ratios quantify human activity, but limited research on mental workload assessment exists. This study evaluates the use of theta-to-alpha and alpha-to-theta EEG band rati...

One of the essential components of Recommender Systems in Software Engineering is a static analysis that is answerable for producing recommendations for users. There are different techniques for how static analysis is carried out in recommender systems. This paper drafts a technique for the creation of recommendations using Cosine Similarity. Evalu...

Many research works indicate that EEG bands, specifically the alpha and theta bands, have been potentially helpful cognitive load indicators. However, minimal research exists to validate this claim. This study aims to assess and analyze the impact of the alpha-to-theta and the theta-to-alpha band ratios on supporting the creation of models capable...

Recommender Systems are software tools that can assist developers with a wide range of activities, from reusing codes to suggest developers what to do during development of these systems. This paper outlines an approach to generating recommendation using SQL Semantic Search. Performance measurement of this recommender system is conducted by calcula...

Many research works indicate that EEG bands, specifically the alpha and theta bands, have been potentially helpful cognitive load indicators. However, minimal research exists to validate this claim. This study aims to assess and analyze the impact of the alpha-to-theta and the theta-to-alpha band ratios on supporting the creation of models capable...

As quoted recently, this is the age of information, and for information we need data. Data is everywhere around us and it is expanding dramatically. The aim of this research is to inspect and summarize the state-of-the-art approaches and studies of machine learning methods to causal inference techniques. This review utilizes a systematic literature...

In the last decade, there has been paradigm shift on causal reasoning, the discovery of causal relationships between variables and its potential to help understand and solve different complex real-life problems. The aim of this paper is to present a systematic review of relevant studies related to causal reasoning, with emphasis on smart agricultur...

Data science is opening new avenues for academia in the global research trend. Under such a scenario, a discipline that merits attention is data ethics. This paper intends to provide an explicit overview on the main features of the ethical concerns related to public data on a bibliometric analysis. Therefore, 1483 publications from the IEEE digital...

Mental Workload (MWL) represents a key concept in human performance. It is a complex construct that can be viewed from multiple perspectives and affected by various factors that are quantified by different collection of methods. In this direction, several approaches exist that aggregate these factors towards building a unique workload index that be...

Web personalization is a process that utilizes a set of methods, techniques, and actions for adapting the linking structure of an information space or its content or both to user interaction preferences. The aim of personalization is to enhance the user experience by retrieving relevant resources and presenting them in a meaningful fashion. The adv...

In this paper, we describe the Machine Learning methods for Natural Language Processing tasks used in low-resource languages such as the Albanian language. The Albanian language belongs to the family of Indo-European languages. It can be inferred as being one of the oldest languages, consequently, different from the others. The aim of this paper is...

The proliferation of data through various platforms and applications is in constant increase. The versatility of data and its omnipresence makes it very hard to detect the trustworthiness and intention of the source. This is very evident in dynamic environments such as mobile applications. As a result, designing mobile applications that will monito...

Technology plays a very important role in virtually all areas, and has become an inseparable part of the industry. Currently, industry and technology are at a high point of development and research, but there is an ever increasing gap between the market needs and the skills that universities deliver to students. There is an increasing need for cons...

The development of Information Technology has generated large amount of data in various areas. Organizations are deploying different analytic techniques to evaluate rich data sources in order to extract useful information within the data and utilize this in further decision making. In this paper the different approaches to IS development as well as...

The development of Information Technology has generated large amount of data in various areas. Organizations are deploying different analytic techniques to evaluate rich data sources in order to extract useful information within the data and utilize this in further decision making. In this paper the different approaches to IS development as well as...

Access to web content continues to be a challenge for the visually impaired, as the needs of such community are very diverse. The access is further hindered by the fact that designers continue to build websites non-compliant with Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). To better understand the needs of the visually impaired community, three wo...

The expansion and ever evolving web makes it difficult to find relevant information that best fits user's intentions. This paper introduces development of hybrid approach that addresses the issue of collecting large knowledgebase by fusing the thematic or focused crawling methodologies, with adaptive and semantic web concepts. Focused crawling ensu...

Requirements gathering are an important aspect of application development, especially when users are people with special needs. Traditionally, this process is being conducted using conventional methods, such as interviews, workshops and questionnaires. These approaches, however, are unable to grasp the full context when collecting data from the com...

In today's growing of enterprise data, in order to make a full use of the capabilities of hardware, increasing application performance, reducing cost of ownership and enabling new scenarios that were not possible before such as are today's developed in-memory data platforms is essential. In this paper, an in-depth analysis of benefits and features...

The world of Internet as such is open and insecure by nature. Companies and organizations exploit enormous possibilities that internet offers to build computer systems to enable communication and data sharing capabilities within their corporate platforms. In doing so, they continuously strive towards providing a fast, efficient and at the same time...

The ultimate goal to improve healthcare practices and the development of better biomedical products largely depends on the ability to share and link the wealth of collected medical data. The key challenge to pursue this ambitious objective is not only enabling the integration of the data spanning heterogeneous data sources and formats, but in the d...

Massive volumes of information shared on the web together with linked open data initiatives and exabytes of data generated through social networks frequently disorientates and confuses web users in their everyday interaction. Additionally, web users constitute a highly heterogeneous entities with different needs and requirements. Considering this,...

In recent years, a substantial shift from the web of documents to the paradigm of web of data is witnessed. This is seen from the proliferation of massive semantic repositories such as Linked Open Data. Recommending and adapting resources over these repositories however, still represents a research challenge in the sense of relevant data aggregatio...

At the time when we are debating the Internet as a human right, an access to basic online information is a challenge for blind and visually impaired community. Steps taken for their digital inclusion, such as, the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) are often insufficient. In this paper we present initial requirements gathered during three...

Storage and file synchronisation is a common and important service provided by contemporary cloud providers and a new standard for file sharing and information storage among companies and individuals. However, choosing the right storage provider depends on many factors. This paper defines a set of important criteria to evaluate cloud storage provid...

This paper investigates the possibility of extending web resource linkings with other linking methodologies besides the unidirectional one. The process of interlinking web resources nowadays is done through hypertext references which allow only unidirectional coupling. We explore the extension of the linking process in the web of data through the u...

This paper investigates the possibility of extending web resource linkings with other linking methodologies besides the unidirectional one. The process of interlinking web resources nowadays is done through hypertext references which allow only unidirectional coupling. We explore the extension of the linking process in the web of data through the u...

Most of today's web applications represent pure casts of (X)HTML tags organized as documents. The linking process between such documents is done solely through hypertext references which allow only unidirectional linking. In this paper, an extension of the linking process in the web of data is presented with the use of XML Linking Technologies (XLi...

Development and Implementation of Adaptive Web-Based Systems is not a straightforward and trivial task and requires involvement of many disciplines and research areas. In this dissertation, the issues of complexity in such systems, as well as proposal of a new framework in developing and implementing of Adaptive Web-Based Systems are addressed. The...

Electronic banking must be secure and easy to use and many banks heavily advertise an apparent of 100% secure system which is contestable in many points. In this work, an alternative approach to the design of e-banking system, through a new solution for user authentication and security with digital certificate called LumaCert is introduced. The cer...

User authentication and identification have always represented a challenge in web-based e-mail systems. The text-based authentication and user identification are not sufficient to address the security issues facing web-based e-mail systems. This sort of security is completely retrograde and obsolete for current security threats that easily undermin...

The principles of the WWW used today rely solely on links and on content presented through simple HTML tags. The drawback of the above mentioned modus operandi is that it is purely syntactic with no clear emphasis on meaning about data. The Semantic Web approach tries to bridge that gap by providing additional information, mainly conceptual to the...

The principles of the WWW used today rely solely on links and on content presented through simple HTML tags. The drawback of the above mentioned modus operandi is that it is purely syntactic with no clear emphasis on meaning about data. The Semantic Web approach tries to bridge that gap by providing additional information, mainly conceptual to the...

Finding new approaches for asymmetric encryption / decryption process represents a milestone in cryptographic research and development. In this paper we introduce new algorithm for asymmetric encryption by utilizing two mathematical operators called Pentors and Ultra Pentors. The public and private key in this algorithm represent a quadruple of par...

Finding new approaches for asymmetric encryption / decryption process represents a milestone in cryptographic research and development. In this paper we introduce new algorithm for asymmetric encryption by utilizing two mathematical operators called Pentors and Ultra Pentors. The public and private key in this algorithm represent a quadruple of par...

The principles of the WWW used today rely solely on links and on content presented through simple HTML tags. The drawback of the above mentioned modus operandi is that it is purely syntactic with no clear emphasis on meaning about data. The Semantic Web approach tries to bridge that gap by providing additional information, mainly conceptual to the...

Development and Implementation of Adaptive Web-Based Systems is not a straightforward and trivial task and requires involvement of many disciplines and research areas. In this dissertation, the issues of complexity in such systems, as well as proposal of a new framework in developing and implementing of Adaptive Web-Based Systems are addressed. The...

This paper addresses the issue of implementation and evaluation of adaptation algorithm for Adaptive Web-Based Systems. The proposed architectural model of the system is consisted of two logical modes: Online and Offline mode, whilst the evaluation of the adaptation algorithm is done by using two criteria. The first one is measuring the performance...

The paper gives an insight of the work done so far in modelling and implementation of user adapted software systems or adaptive web sites. We introduce a five layer framework which gives to our adaptive web based system flexibility, expressiveness, modularity and interoperability. The work so far has been concentrated in the first four layers of th...

Traditional approaches on attacking adaptation issue in adaptive web based systems are very complex seen from the perspective of their design and development. The lack of effective general purpose adaptation algorithm for adaptive web sites renders it applicable only in isolated cases like virtual education or e-commerce. In this work, an algorith...

Many traditional adaptive web based systems today are complex in its design and implementation which makes them hard to implement in general purpose web sites. The lack of efficient approach and adaptation algorithm makes their usage in isolated cases like: e-commerce sites or only education systems. In this paper we introduce a new adaptation algor...

Identification whether a certain number belongs to either Fibonacci or Lucas sequence is computationally intense task in the sense that the sequence itself need to be written from the beginning until the requested number. In this paper we present a method of detecting whether a certain number is of Lucas or Fibonacci sequence as well as introduce r...

The increasing number of available web services necessitates new ways for efficient Web service discovery. In this paper we follow up our previous work of proposing new framework for efficient web service discovery by combining the growing hierarchical self-organizing map (GHSOM), a powerful data mining technique for the clustering and visualizatio...

Efficiently finding Web services on the Web is a challenge research question in service oriented architecture-SOA. Web services are becoming necessary part of the semantic Web, and research on semantic Web services aims to automate their use. However, finding the adequate service for each individual user becomes a more and more demanding problem. I...

The web pages of today strive to think out of the box by creating different look-and-feel for each particular user. Most of them still are a pure cast of HTML tags, however some web applications tend to organize their structure and content based on user access patterns. These systems are known as Adaptive web based systems. In this paper we present...

Most of the encryption algorithms used today generate huge cipher messages as well as long encryption keys. These approaches require time and are computationally intensive. In this paper we introduce two operators, represented as mathematical models called Pentor and Ultra Pentor. These operators can be easily generated out of any number and can be...

Creating a presentation for the web that drastically differs from standard ones is still a challenge and represents a milestone for many research groups. Virtual university campuses together with virtual learning represent one of these challenges, because it fuses in-place learning with Virtual Learning or education. In this paper we present the i...

Adaptive web based systems tend to arrange its content and internal structure based on user access patterns. A myriad of approaches and frameworks have been presented recent years, however many of them bypass an important component of such systems which is the data itself. In this paper we propose a new, top-down five layer framework for adaptive w...

Web usage mining has recent years played a major role in monitoring and analyzing user behavior in web environment. This specialized field in data mining has helped a lot in giving valuable insights in sense of fitting user information needs and helping in gradual improvement of a web site. Adaptive web based systems, tend to adapt their content, b...

Adaptive web based systems tend to arrange its content and internal structure based on user access patterns. A myriad of approaches and frameworks have been presented recent years, however many of them bypass an important component of such systems which is the data itself. In this paper we propose a new, top-down five layer framework for adaptive w...