Bruno Pozzetto

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• MD, PhD
• Emeritus Professor at Jean Monnet University

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-associated colitis reflects the adverse impact of CMV reactivation on ulcerative colitis (UC). Its diagnosis requires the detection of viral markers in intestinal biopsies sampled during endoscopy, which may constitute invasive and expensive analyses. Moreover, less than 30% of acute flare-ups in steroid refractory UC are asso...

Introduction Long‐acting HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis promises to improve uptake, adherence and persistence challenges experienced with daily oral tablets. We assessed the acceptability of an annual tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) implant in South African women enrolled from 9 July 2020 until 31 May 2022 in a Phase I trial. Methods Six women received...

Immune memory is influenced by the frequency and type of antigenic challenges. Here, we performed a cross-sectional comparison of immune parameters following a BA.1 breakthrough infection in individuals with prior hybrid immunity (conferred by infection and vaccination) versus those solely vaccinated in a cohort of health care workers in Lyon, Fran...

Stock stratégique de l'État d'antiviraux contre la grippe (Avis et Rapports du HCSP) Serge AHO GLÉLÉ, François CARON, Christian CHIDIAC, Christine DEBEURET, Emmanuel DEBOST, Alban DHANANI, Eric GAFFET, Sabine HENRY, Bruno LINA, Philippe MINODIER, Henri PARTOUCHE, Emmanuel PIEDNOIR, Dominique PLOIN, Bruno POZZETTO, France ROBLOT, Nadia SAIDANI, Sylv...

Place of oseltamivir and antiviral influenza drugs in the State's strategic stockpile Serge AHO GLÉLÉ, François CARON, Christian CHIDIAC, Christine DEBEURET, Emmanuel DEBOST, Alban DHANANI, Eric GAFFET, Sabine HENRY, Bruno LINA, Philippe MINODIER, Henri PARTOUCHE, Emmanuel PIEDNOIR, Dominique PLOIN, Bruno POZZETTO, France ROBLOT, Nadia SAIDANI, Syl...

Background Within the International Health Regulations framework, the French High Council for Public Health was mandated in 2022 by health authorities to establish a list of priority infectious diseases for public health, surveillance and research in mainland and overseas France. Aim Our objective was to establish this list. Methods A multi-crite...

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an environmental Gram-negative bacillus. It is a bacterial complex with a high genetic diversity through many subpopulations called genogroups. As an opportunistic agent, S. maltophilia causes different healthcare associated infections in an acute fashion among immunocompromised patients harboring invasive devices (c...

Several studies have investigated the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2, focusing particularly on the systemic humoral immune response and the production of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. IgA antibodies play a crucial role in protecting against respiratory viral infections but have also been associated with the pathophysiology of COVID-19. We per...

Objective: To evaluate, through a systematic literature review, whether periodontal status in HIV-infected individuals is different from those non-HIV-infected. Materials and methods: A systematic search for published observational studies within six electronic databases and grey literature was conducted, PROSPERO database number CRD42020160062....

Aim The French High Council of Public Health (HCPH) was asked by the Ministry of Health to draw up a list of priority infectious diseases in metropolitan France and its overseas territories. Material and Method Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was used, as recommended by the ECDC. A list of 95 entities (diseases or groups of infectious dise...

Objectives In the post‐SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic era, “breakthrough infections” are still documented, due to variants of concerns (VoCs) emergence and waning humoral immunity. Despite widespread utilization, the definition of the anti‐Spike (S) immunoglobulin‐G (IgG) threshold to define protection has unveiled several limitations. Here, we explore the ad...

Background Mass testing campaigns were proposed in France during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic to detect and isolate asymptomatic individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2. During mass testing in Saint-Étienne (February 2021), we performed a survey of the general population. Objective We evaluated, on the scale of a city’s population, the liter...

The role of the oral microbiota in the overall health and in systemic diseases has gained more importance in the recent years, mainly due to the systemic effects that are mediated by the chronic inflammation caused by oral diseases, such as periodontitis, through the microbial communities of the mouth. The chronic infection by the human immunodefic...

COVID-19 is an emerging disease whose impact on the return to work of hospital staff is not yet known. This study was aimed at evaluating the prevalence of delayed return to work associated with medical, personal, and professional factors in hospital staff who tested positive for COVID-19 during the second epidemic wave. A descriptive, analytical o...

Avis relatif aux mesures de prévention des infections respiratoires virales (incluant la mise à jour des avis Covid-19) Editeur : Haut Conseil de la Santé Publique Version du 31 Août 2023 Serge AHO-GLELE, Stéphane CHADAPAUD, Christian CHIDIAC, Frédérique CLAUDOT, Philippe FRAISSE, Eric GAFFET, Jean François GEHANNO, Yves HANSMANN, Sabine HENRY, Bru...

Screening patients for S. aureus nasal carriage has proved effective in preventing cross-contamination and endogenous infection with this bacterium. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the BD MAX StaphSR assay with liquid Amies elution swabs, taken during routine care of intensive care unit patients. Direct and pre-enriched cultu...

Introduction Women-controlled HIV prevention technologies that overcome adherence challenges of available daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis and give women a choice of options are urgently needed. Broadly neutralising monoclonal antibodies (bnAbs) administered passively may offer a valuable non-antiretroviral biological intervention for HIV preven...

Diseases caused by arboviruses are on the increase worldwide. In addition to arthropod bites, most arboviruses can be transmitted via accessory routes. Products of human origin (labile blood products, solid organs, hematopoietic stem cells, tissues) present a risk of contamination for the recipient if the donation is made when the donor is viremic....

Covid-19 has spurred a renewed interest in decontamination techniques for air, objects and surfaces. Beginning in 2020, urgent effort was done to permit the reuse of UV-C for inactivating SARS-CoV-2. However, those studies diverged widely on the dose necessary to reach this goal; until today, the real value of the sensitivity of the virus to a 254-...

Diseases caused by arboviruses are on the increase worldwide. In addition to arthropod bites, most arboviruses can be transmitted via accessory routes. Products of human origin (labile blood products, solid organs, hematopoietic stem cells, tissues) present a risk of contamination for the recipient if the donation is made when the donor is viremic....

We aimed to evaluate the association between the humoral and cellular immune responses and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection with Delta or Omicron BA.1 variants in fully vaccinated outpatients. Anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG levels and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release were evaluated at PCR-diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in 636 samples from negative...

This study reports the 6-month humoral immune response in vaccinated patients concomitantly infected with Delta and Omicron BA.1 variants of SARS-CoV-2. Interestingly, the simultaneous exposure to the Delta and BA.1 S proteins does not confer an additional immune advantage compared to exposure to the BA.1 S protein alone.

Background To cope with the persistence of the COVID-19 epidemic and the decrease in antibody levels following vaccination, a third dose of vaccine has been recommended in the general population. However, several vaccine regimens had been used initially for the primary vaccination course, and the heterologous Vaxzevria/Comirnaty regimen had shown b...

Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen in humans. The nasal vestibule is considered as the main reservoir of S. aureus. However, even though the nasal cavity may also be colonized by S. aureus, the relationships between the two sites are still unclear. We conducted a prospective study in humans to assess the S. aureus colonization profiles in th...

The diversity of vaccination modalities and infection history are both variables that have an impact on the immune memory of individuals vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. To gain more accurate knowledge of how these parameters imprint on immune memory, we conducted a long-term follow-up of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-specific immune memory in unvaccinate...

BACKGROUND Mass testing campaigns were proposed in France during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic to detect and isolate asymptomatic individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2. During mass testing in Saint-Étienne (February 2021), we performed a survey of the general population. OBJECTIVE We evaluated, on the scale of a city’s population, the liter...

Animal viruses are present in most human environments. Their viability in these media is very variable and the most important element that conditions this viability is the existence or not of a phospholipid envelope surrounding the nucleocapsid. After some general considerations on the structure of viruses, their multiplication cycle and their resi...

Covid-19 has spurred a renewed interest at decontamination techniques for air, objects and surfaces. Beginning 2020, a lot of effort was done in urgency to permit the reuse of UC-V for inactivating SARS-CoV-2. However, those studies diverged widely on the dose necessary to reach this goal; until today, the real value of the sensitivity of the virus...

Backgroung To cope with the persistence of the Covid-19 epidemic and the decrease in antibody levels following vaccination, a third dose of vaccine has been recommended in the general population. However, several vaccine regimens had been used initially, and the heterologous ChadOx1-S/BNT162b2 regimen had shown better efficacy and immunogenicity th...

Contexte. L’hésitation vaccinale, définie comme « le fait de retarder ou de refuser une vaccination sûre malgré sa disponibilité », a été classée comme l’une des dix menaces pour la santé par l’OMS. Les principaux motifs d’hésitation vaccinale dans le Covid-19 sont la dangerosité du vaccin, l’opposition à la vaccination en général et un virus jugé...

Objectives We aimed to evaluate the association between the humoral and cellular immune responses and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection with Delta or Omicron BA.1 variants in fully vaccinated outpatients. Methods Anti-RBD IgG levels and IFN-γ release were evaluated at PCR-diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in 636 samples from negative and positive patients du...

Avis relatif aux traitements appliqués aux boues de stations d'épuration par rapport au risque d'infection au virus SARS-CoV-2 (HCSP, Avis et Rapports) F. Squinazi, J.-M. Brignon, É. Gaffet, B. Pozzetto, M. Revest, N. Roche, J.-L. Roubaty, F. Wallet Editeur : Haut Conseil de Santé Publique Date du Document : 21 Octobre 2022 Date de mise en ligne :...

Background: Periodontitis (PDT) has gained attention in the literature with the increase in life expectancy of people living with HIV on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). Thus, the search for inflammatory biomarkers could be useful to understand the pathophysiology of chronic oral diseases in the cART era. Objective: The aim of this study...

Within the successive waves that occurred during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, recommendations arose to test symptomatic and contact subjects by using rapid antigen devices directed against the viral nucleocapsid protein with the aim to isolate contagious patients without delay. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of four rapid later...

(1) Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation of the intestines, which participates in human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) reactivation from its latent reservoir. CMV-associated colitis plays a pejorative role in the clinical course of UC. We took advantage of a model of chemically induced enteritis to s...

To provide insight into the long-term immune response following bivalent vaccines, we sampled vaccinated patients simultaneously co-infected with Delta and BA.1. We reported that simultaneous exposure to the Delta and BA.1 S protein does not confer an additional immune advantage compared to exposure to the Omicron BA.1 S protein alone.

The sensitivity of NG-test CTX-M Multi assay and BL-RED test incubated 10 min for the detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae was 80.6% and 90.3% respectively. Using an extended 60 min incubation with the BL-RED test, its sensitivity was increased to 100% and 60.9% for ESBL-producing and cephalosporinase-ov...

To provide insight into the long-term immune response following bivalent vaccines, we sampled vaccinated patients simultaneously co-infected with Delta and BA.1. We reported that simultaneous exposure to the Delta and BA.1 S protein does not confer an additional immune advantage compared to exposure to the Omicron BA.1 S protein alone.

Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) can underlie critical COVID-19 pneumonia and yellow fever vaccine disease. We report here on 13 patients harboring autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α2 alone (five patients) or with IFN-ω (eight patients) from a cohort of 279 patients (4.7%) aged 6–73 yr with critical influenza pneumonia. Nine and...

Omicron variant is circulating in the presence of a globally acquired immunity unlike the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 isolate. Herein, we investigated the normalized viral load dynamics and viral culture status in 44 fully vaccinated healthcare workers (HCWs) infected with the Omicron BA.1 variant. Viral load dynamics of 38 unvaccinated HCWs infected with...

Scope Since April 2022, a large number of monkeypox (MPX) cases have emerged across the globe in regions that are known to be totally free of zoonotic reservoir. The High Council for Public Health (HCSP) is a national institute commissioned to provide guidelines to the French Ministry of Health. The objective of these guidelines and recommendations...

Reliable immunoassays are essential to early predict and monitor vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. The performance of an Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA, QuantiFERON® SARS-CoV-2), and a current anti-spike serological test, compared to a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) taken as gold standard were compared. Eighty vaccinated indiv...

The virus neutralization test (VNT) is the reference for the assessment of the functional ability of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) to block SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells. New competitive immunoassays measuring antibodies preventing interaction between the spike protein and its cellular receptor are proposed as surrogate VNT (sVNT). We tested three co...

Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is defined as "delaying or refusing a secure vaccine despite its availability". This hesitancy affects caregivers and more specifically nurses. The purpose of this study is to assess determinants of influenza VH in the nurse's community. We conducted a systematic review of qualitative literature according to criteria of Prefe...

Les infections nosocomiales virales représentent un risque important pour les personnels de santé, non seulement en tant que vecteurs de virus, mais aussi comme victimes, et celles causées par les coronavirus en sont une bonne illustration. Ces agents infectieux se transmettent majoritairement par gouttelettes, mais également par aérosols, notammen...

Our objective was to improve the accuracy of bacteria and resistance coding in a hospital case mix database. Data sources consisted of 50,074 files on bacteriological susceptibility tests transmitted with the HPRIM protocol from laboratory management system to electronic health record of the University hospital of Saint Etienne in July 2017. An alg...

Background Exposure to infected healthcare workers (HCWs) is a source of hospital-acquired (HA) influenza. We estimated the risk of HA influenza for hospitalized patients by rate of influenza vaccine coverage (IVC) of HCWs. Methods A case–case negative control study nested in a prospective cohort was conducted in 2 French university hospitals duri...

Aim. Our study aimed to know the antibiotic resistance of the isolated strains, as well as the risk factors for acquiring extended-spectrum betalactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, in the urinary tract infection of the elderly. Methods. All the urine specimens received from elderly people at the Microbiology Laboratory of Batna Hospital, Algeria...

The virus neutralization test (VNT) is the reference for the assessment of the functional ability of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) to block SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells. New competitive immunoassays measuring antibodies preventing interaction between the spike protein and its cellular receptor are proposed as surrogate VNT (sVNT). We tested three co...

https://www.hcsp.fr/Explore.cgi/AvisRapportsDomaine?clefr=1160 - FFP2 respiratory protective devices in the general population to fight against the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in relation to the emergence of the Omicron variant In this statement, the French High Council for Public Health or HCSP examines the strategies for indicating the use of...

https://www.hcsp.fr/Explore.cgi/AvisRapportsDomaine?clefr=1161 - FFP2 respiratory protective devices for health professionals in the context of the fight against the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in relation to the emergence of the Omicron variant (supplement) The French High Council for Public Health or HCSP is examining strategies for indicatin...

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led most countries to take restrictive measures affecting social activities and individual freedoms to limit viral transmission. It was shown that practical, motivational and social barriers impact on adherence to the isolation and social distancing measures advocated by the health authorities. The purpose of...

Avis relatif aux masques dans le cadre de la lutte contre la propagation du virus SARS-CoV-2 en rapport avec l'émergence du variant Omicron (HCSP, Avis et Rapports) Ch. Chidiac, J.-F. Gehanno, B. Pozzetto, N. Vernazza, S. Aho-Glele, D. Lepelletier, J.-M. Brignon, E. Gehin, P. Hartemann, Y. Lévi, F. Marano, J.-L. Roubaty, F. Squinazi, A. Billette de...

Avis relatif au port des appareils de protection respiratoire de type FFP2 par les professionnels de santé dans le cadre de la lutte contre la propagation du virus SARS-CoV-2 (HCSP, Avis et Rapports) Christian Chidiac, Jean-François Gehanno, Bruno Pozzetto, Nicole Vernazza, Serge Aho-Glélé, Didier Lepelletier, Jean-Marc Brignon, Evelyne Gehin, Phil...

Dans ce courrier du 7 janvier 2022, le HCSP vient préciser son avis du 23 décembre 2021 concernant les stratégies d’indications du port des appareils de protection respiratoire (APR) de type FFP2 en population générale, et plus particulièrement en milieu scolaire et universitaire, dans le cadre de la lutte contre la propagation du virus SARS-CoV-2...

Résumé Introduction Les complications neurologiques et musculaires de l’hépatite E sont rares et parfois méconnues. Observation Un homme de 56 ans était hospitalisé pour une tétraparésie flasque révélatrice d’une rhabdomyolyse aiguë dans un contexte d’hépatite virale E aiguë. Le diagnostic d’hépatite E était confirmé par la sérologie et la charge...

Objectives This study aimed at evaluating the immunochromatographic COVID19Speed-Antigen Test (BioSpeedia, France) as antigen point-of-care test (AgPOCT) to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection in the paediatric emergency department of the University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France. Methods Between January 15th and May 28th 2021, every child presenting a...

Bone and joints infections represent a potentially devastating complication of prosthetic orthopaedic joint replacement, thus requiring both rapid and appropriate antibiotic treatment. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most frequent pathogens involved in this pathology. Being able to assert its presence is the first step of patients’ efficient ma...

Introduction Young African women bear a disproportionately high risk for HIV acquisition. HIV technologies that empower women to protect themselves are needed. Safe, potent antiretroviral agents such as tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), formulated as long-acting subdermal implants, offer an innovative solution. Methods and analysis CAPRISA 018 is a pha...

Background: Following HIV-1 infection and antiretroviral therapy, the development of periodontal disease was shown to be favored. However, the influence of HIV-1 infection on the periodontal microbiota after nonsurgical periodontal debridement (NSPD) needs a broad comprehension. This work aimed to compare the subgingival microbiological content of...

The virus neutralization test (VNT) is the reference for the assessment of the functional ability of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) to block SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells. New competitive immunoassays measuring antibodies preventing interaction between the spike protein and its cellular receptor are proposed as surrogate VNT (sVNT). We tested three co...

Following severe adverse reactions to the AstraZeneca ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19 vaccine1,2, European health authorities have recommended that patients under the age of 55 who received one dose of ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19 vaccine receive a second dose of Pfizer BNT162b2 vaccine as a booster. However, the effectiveness and the immunogenicity of this vaccination reg...

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) aims to achieve global hepatitis C elimination by 2030, defined as diagnosis of 90% of infected individuals and treating 80% of them. Current guidelines for the screening and diagnosis of hepatitis C infection denote using a relatively cheap screen with anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody immunoassay...

Little is known about the dynamic of HIV-1 shedding and resistance profiles in the female genital reservoir after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in resource-limited countries (RLCs), which is critical for evaluating the residual sexual HIV-1 transmission risk. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 1 year duration ART at blood...

Individuals with pre-existing chronic systemic low-grade inflammation are prone to develop severe COVID-19 and stronger anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses. Whether this phenomenon reflects a differential expansion of antiviral B cells or a failure to regulate antibody synthesis remains unknown. Here, we compared the antiviral B cell repertoire of c...

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Résumé Le groupe de travail Secproch (pour sécurité des produits issus du corps humain) a été créé en 2019 au sein du Haut Conseil de la santé publique (HCSP) pour traiter l’ensemble des problématiques affectant les produits sanguins labiles, les organes, tissus, cellules (OTC) et gamètes issus du corps humain. Il est notamment en charge de la gest...

Background: Despite combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), total cure of immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection remains elusive. Chronic periodontitis (CP) is strongly associated with HIV-1 infection. This condition is characterized by an intense inflammatory infiltrate mainly constituted of immune cells which in turn may be a valuable s...

Date du document : 31/07/2021 Date de mise en ligne : 04/08/2021 (21 Pages) https://www.hcsp.fr/Explore.cgi/AvisRapportsDomaine?clefr=1079

Date du document : 31/07/2021 Date de mise en ligne : 04/08/2021 (16 Pages) https://www.hcsp.fr/Explore.cgi/AvisRapportsDomaine?clefr=1081

Following severe adverse reactions in patients vaccinated with the AstraZeneca ChadOx1 (Chad) vaccine, European health authorities have recommended that patients under the age of 55 who received one dose of Chad vaccine receive a second dose of Pfizer BNT162b2 (BNT) vaccine as a booster. However, the effectiveness and the immunogenicity of this vac...

A comprehensive clinical and microbiological assessments of COVID-19 in front-line healthcare workers (HCWs) is needed. Between April 10th and May 28th, 2020, 319 HCWs with acute illness were reviewed. In addition to SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR screening, a multiplex molecular panel was used for testing other respiratory pathogens. For SARS-CoV-2 positive HC...

IntroductionEnd stage kidney disease (ESKD) and cancer have been identified as risk factors for severe and fatal cases of COVID-19, making vaccination in these patients a priority. Patients suffering from ESKD have a significantly weaker response to common vaccines than general population. However, humoral and cellular immune responses after two do...

Context Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that emerged late in 2019 is the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). There is an urgent need to develop curative and preventive therapeutics to limit the current pandemic and to prevent the re-emergence of Covid-19. This study aimed to assess the in vitro activ...

SARS-CoV-2 mutations appeared recently and can lead to conformational changes in the spike protein and probably induce modifications in antigenicity. We assessed the neutralizing capacity of antibodies to prevent cell infection, using a live virus neutralization test with different strains [19A (initial one), 20B (B.1.1.241 lineage), 20I/501Y.V1 (B...

https://www.hcsp.fr/explore.cgi/avisrapportsdomaine?clefr=1034 - Dans un objectif de réouverture des terrasses des bars et restaurants et, compte tenu de la situation épidémiologique et de la couverture vaccinale, en prenant en compte également la matrice décisionnelle figurant dans son avis du 18 avril 2021, le HCSP propose les adaptations suivant...

SARS-CoV-2: Updates on aerosol transmission of the virus (HCSP, Avis et Rapports) Ludwig Serge Aho Glélé, Anne Berger-Carbonne, Agathe Billette de Villemeur, Jean-Marc Brignon, Patrick Brochard, Daniel Camus, Christian Chidiac, Éric Gaffet, François Gaie-Levrel, Jean-François Gehanno, Evelyne Géhin, Philippe Hartemann, Didier Lepelletier, Yves Lévi...

Background: SARS-CoV-2 mutations appeared recently and can lead to conformational changes in the spike protein and probably induce modifications in antigenicity. In this study, we wanted to assess the neutralizing capacity of antibodies to prevent cell infection, using a live virus neutralisation test. Methods: Sera samples were collected from diff...