Bruno Dumas

University of Namur | FUNDP · Faculty of Computer Science

Early lung cancer detection strongly increases survival rate. During a navigational bronchoscopy, pulmonologists perform tissue sampling for biopsies based on preoperative medical images. The bronchial carina is an airway structure that appears at each bronchus bifurcation. It is an important landmark to detect during navigations as it indicates th...

As a commercially available gesture tracking device, the Microsoft Kinect was already used for supporting rehabilitation programs in the field of physiotherapy. However, physiotherapists found that the device and applications on offer did not allow them to tailor and monitor exercises accurately. They point out that every patient is different and r...

Augmented reality (AR) is making its way into many sectors. Its rapid evolution in recent years has led to the development of prototypes demonstrating its effectiveness. However, to be able to push these prototypes to the scale of fully usable applications, it is important to ensure the readability of the texts they include. To this end, we conduct...

The recent concept of Pervasive Augmented Reality (PAR) predicts the use of Augmented Reality (AR) in every aspect of our daily life to help access, produce and present information and services from various different sources around users. However, as far as the authors know, no study explored how design interaction techniques can be implemented in...

The recent advances in deep learning have been beneficial to automatic sign language recognition (SLR). However, free-to-access, usable, and accessible tools are still not widely available to the deaf community. The need for a sign language-to-text dictionary was raised by a bilingual deaf school in Belgium and linguist experts in sign languages (S...

Beat gestures are biphasic up-and-down or back-and-forth movements of hand(s) that are associated with a specific meaning, such as in speech, or without, such as in rhythmic commands. Incorporating beat gesture recognition into user interface engineering involves dynamic recognition of hand pose, identification of movement direction, and calculatio...

Digital participation platforms (DPP) are websites initiated by local governments through which citizens can post and react to ideas for their city. In practice, the majority of DPP users browse the posted ideas without contributing any. This activity, referred to as lurking, has widely recognized positive outcomes, especially in a citizen particip...

Smart cities are receiving a lot of attention from researchers and practitioners as they are considered potential solutions to challenges (e.g., traffic congestion and waste management) faced by cities. As a result, the term “smart city” is recurring in political discourses and the news. Moreover, smart cities are transitioning from strong and tech...

Context-aware systems are systems that adapt their behavior dynamically when sensing changes in the surrounding environment in which they run. These changes may come from changing user preferences, external sensors (weather, localisation), or internal sensors (battery, memory) of the device. The paradigm of context-oriented programming, provides de...

Web configurators are increasingly used to support mass customisation of all sorts of products and services. As these business-critical applications become more and more widespread, users with different profiles and expectations, as well as increasingly complex products and services, have to be addressed during the configurator's design process. Wh...

With the transformation of computing from personal computers to the Internet, document formats have also seen some changes over the years. Future document formats are likely going to adapt to the emerging needs of ubiquitous computing, where information processing is embedded in everyday activities and objects. While most existing document formats...

The increasing proportion of people living in urban areas causes well-known mobility issues such as pollution and congested roads. In addition to their heavy environmental impact, these issues negatively affect citizens' quality of life. Emerging technologies allow gathering huge amounts of data regarding traffic which can in turn be analyzed to di...

High-dimensional data with many features are usually challenging to represent with standard visualization techniques. Usually, one has to resort to dimensionality reduction techniques such as PCA, MDS or t-SNE to represent such data. Such dimensionality reduction techniques make it possible to highlight the high-dimensional structures of data. In m...

Smart Cities come as a solution to the urban challenges faced by the territory. They have grown in popularity in recent years and are now an integral part of the development strategy of many cities. However, this concept remains fuzzy to the larger public whose participation in the smart city is however crucial to its success. To address this issue...

Purpose: Governments around the world engage in digitalization projects to improve their internal functioning and the delivery of information and services to their users, including citizens. There are several ways to implement this digitalization and, therefore, different roles for citizens, who can be considered as customers, as participants, and...

Context-oriented programming enables dynamic software evolution by supporting the creation of software systems that dynamically adapt their behaviour depending on the context of their surrounding environment. Conceiving such systems is complex through due to their high dynamicity and the combinatorial explosion of possible contexts and correspondin...

Analysis of interviews transcripts plays a key role in many human sciences research protocols. Numerous IT tools are already used to support this task. Most of them leave the interpretation task to the analyst, or involve an implicit conception of language which is rarely questioned.

Purpose The purpose of this research is to study how current research reports reflect on using public displays in the smart city. In particular, it looks at the state-of-the-art of this domain from two angles. On the one hand, it investigates the participation of citizens in the development of public displays. On the other hand, it aims at understa...

Full questionnaire and detailed respondents frequencies for the paper Eliciting Information Needs for Open Data Visualization: The Case of the Belgian Train Network (in submission)

Link of the paper: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337907525_Supporting_Citizen_Participation_with_Adaptive_Public_Displays_A_Process_Model_Proposal

In this paper we present a visualisation tool that is intricately related to a feature-based context-oriented programming language. Context-oriented programming languages allow programmers to develop software systems of which the behaviour evolves dynamically upon changing contexts. In our language , the software behaviour as well as the contexts t...

In recent years, public displays have been studied as a way to foster citizen participation. However, their surroundings and users are prone to high variability, which makes it tedious to accommodate different contexts with an optimal participation experience. In this paper, we propose adaptive public displays as a lead for solution in tackling thi...

Nowadays, smart city is a term recurring in many political discourses and in literature. Indeed, smart cities provide innovative solutions to solve urban issues. However, this concept and its implications remain obscure to the larger public. In order to help younger citizens understand what lies behind the smart city, we developed a workshop aiming...

We implemented a feature-based context-oriented programming language, which clearly separates the notion of contexts from the notion of features. Contexts reify particular situations occurring in the surrounding environment, to which a software system can adapt. Features reify the system's behaviour; they are the language components that describe t...

Context-oriented programming languages allow programmers to develop context-aware systems that can adapt their behaviour dynamically upon changing contexts. Due to the highly dynamic nature of such systems and the many possible combinations of contexts to which such systems may adapt, developing such systems is hard. Feature-based context-oriented...

With the advent of high-performance black-box models, interpretability is becoming a hot topic today in machine learning. While a lot of research is done on interpretability, machine learning researchers do not have precise guidelines for setting up user-based experiments. This paper provides well-established guidelines from the human-computer inte...

This paper proposes a generic interactive system architecture describing in a structured way, both hardware and software components of an interactive system. It makes explicit all the components that play a role in the information processing from input devices to the interactive application and back to the output devices. Along with the generic int...

This article presents a study of the tangible devices supporting children (aged 2 to 12) in their learning of basic programming concepts. Twenty devices are examined through two perspectives: Fishkin's taxonomy and an original classification from the authors. The latter focuses on two aspects: didactics, by trying to identify the concepts implement...

Structural analysis is a text analysis technique that helps uncovering the association and opposition relationships between the terms of a text. It is used in particular in the field of humanities and social sciences. This technique is usually applied by hand with pen and paper as support. However, as any combination of words in the raw text may be...

With the transformation of computing from personal computers to the Internet, document formats have also seen some changes over the years. Future document formats are likely going to adapt to the emerging needs of ubiquitous computing, where information processing is embedded in everyday activities and objects. While most existing document formats...

With a feature-based context-oriented programming approach, fine-grained features can be (un)installed dynamically, upon changing contexts. Given the highly dynamic nature of such a programming approach, it is hard for developers to keep track of how and when contexts or features are active and how these features interact with the system. To help p...

As part of our ongoing research on context-oriented software technology, we propose a feature-oriented programming approach to context-oriented programming. Behavioural variations are implemented as fine-grained features that can be installed and activated dynamically, upon changing contexts. Given the highly dynamic nature of such a programming ap...

Euclidean distance is traditionally used to compare a gesture candidate against gesture templates in two-dimensional gesture recognizers. This paper compares two distances borrowed from other domains of computer science used in template-based two-dimensional gesture recognizers: the Mahalanobis distance, typically used in computer vision and statis...

In today's businesses, configurators are essential tools that allow customers to personalise a product to their specific needs. Being often the first contact between the retailer and the customer , it is important for a configurator to provide a smooth user experience. However, these software have been studied mostly from the reasoning point of vie...

Configurators are widespread applications where users can tailor products (i.e. goods or services) to their needs by selecting options and setting parameter values. Constraints over these options exist to avoid building invalid products. Thus, when the user attempts to combine incompatible options, the configurator should raise an error and help th...

Qu’est-ce que l’éducation au numérique ? Quelles en sont les nalités ? Quelles sont les compétences nécessaires au développement d’une culture numérique chez les jeunes ? Partant des deux approches disciplinaires distinctes mais complémentaires que sont l’éducation à l’informatique et l’éducation aux médias numériques, des éléments de réponse sont...

While mobile devices have experienced important accessibility advances in the past years, people with visual impairments still face important barriers, especially in specific contexts when both their hands are not free to hold the mobile device, like when walking outside. By resorting to a multimodal combination of body based gestures and voice, we...

Several models and design spaces have been defined and are regularly used to describe how modalities can be fused together in an interactive multimodal system. However, models such as CASE, the CARE properties or TYCOON have all been defined more than two decades ago. In this paper, we start with a critical review of these models, which notably hig...

The last two decades have seen a lot of research on context-aware and context-oriented software development technologies, across subfields of computer science. This research area is slowly starting to mature and researchers currently explore how to unify different solutions proposed in these subfields. We envision that within another decade some of...

Modern software systems demand more and more smart capabilities depending on their context of use, as well as the ability to dynamically adapt these capabilities according to sensed context changes. This requires appropriate techniques for modelling, representing and handling context-aware software variability. While traditional variability modelli...

Information visualisation is the transformation of abstract data into visual, interactive representations. In this paper we present InfoPhys, a device that enables the direct, tangible manipulation of visualisations. InfoPhys makes use of a force-feedback pointing device to simulate haptic feedback while the user explores visualisations projected o...

In this presentation, we present the need for a unified vision on context-oriented software engineering, that reconciles different research areas in computer science, including programming languages, human-computer interaction, and database technology. We identify three dimensions wherein proposed solutions for achieving context orientation could b...

In this document we provide an extensive, though not exhaustive, overview of existing related research in the areas of behavioural adaptation, user interface adaptation and database adaptation.

This position paper discusses how computer science and fashion design can gracefully enrich each other to address privacy, non-invasiveness and nondisruptiveness issues. A use case providing intimate, remote communication for a couple is described, as well as potential tracks to solve this use case from a technological as well as fashion design poi...

We present the results of an investigation on software support for the SMUIML multimodal user interaction description language (UIDL). In particular, we introduce a graphical UIDL editor for the creation of SMUIML scripts. The data management as well as the dialogue modelling in our graphical editor is based on the SMUIML language. Due to the event...

We present ArtVis, an application combining advanced visualisation techniques and tangible interaction to explore a large digital collection of almost 28000 European artworks managed by the Web Gallery of Art. In order to get new insights by exploring, analysing and browsing the artworks, our graphical ArtVis user interface offers three complementa...

We present ArtVis, an advanced user interface combining state-of-the-art visualisation techniques and tangible interaction to explore the Web Gallery of Art digital artwork collection consisting of almost 28000 European artworks. The graphical ArtVis interface contains three separate visualisation panels that allow users to temporally, semantically...

The advent of advanced mobile devices in combination with new interaction modalities and methods for the tracking of contextual information, opens new possibilities in the field of context-aware user interface adaptation. One particular research direction is the automatic context-aware adaptation of input modalities in multimodal mobile interfaces....

Multimodal interfaces have shown to be ideal candidates for interactive systems that adapt to a user either automatically or based on user-defined rules. However, user-based adaptation demands for the corresponding advanced software architectures and algorithms. We present a novel multimodal fusion algorithm for the development of adaptive interact...

We present SpeeG, a multimodal speech-and body gesture-based text input system targeting media centres, set-top boxes and game consoles. Our controller-free zoomable user interface combines speech input with a gesture-based real-time correction of the recognised voice input. While the open source CMU Sphinx voice recogniser transforms speech input...

We present the Visual Data Explorer (ViDaX), a tool for visualising and exploring large RDF data sets. ViDaX enables the extraction of information from RDF data sources and offers functionality for the analysis of various data characteristics as well as the exploration of the corresponding ontology graph structure. In addition to some ba-sic data m...

In recent years, multimodal interfaces have gained momentum as an alternative to traditional WIMP interaction styles. Existing multimodal fusion engines and frameworks range from low-level data stream-oriented approaches to high-level semantic inference-based solutions. However, there is a lack of multimodal interaction engines offering native fusi...

The field of multimodal interaction grew during the last decade, as a consequence of the advent of innovative input interfaces, as well as the development of research fields such as speech recognition. However, multimodal fusion and combination did not evolve at the same rate, which lead to a chasm between the use of input modalities and the differ...

This article introduces the problem of modeling multimodal interaction, in the form of markup languages. After an analysis of the current state of the art in multimodal interaction description languages, nine guidelines for languages dedicated at multimodal interaction description are introduced, as well as four different roles that such language s...

This article introduces HephaisTK, a toolkit for rapid prototyping of multimodal interfaces. After briefly discussing the state of the art, the architecture traits of the toolkit are displayed, along with the major features of HephaisTK: agent-based architecture, ability to plug in easily new input recognizers, fusion engine and configuration by me...

This article proposes an evaluation framework to benchmark the performance of multimodal fusion engines. The paper first introduces different concepts and techniques associated with multimodal fusion engines and further surveys recent implementations. It then discusses the importance of evaluation as a mean to assess fusion engines, not only from t...

Tangible User Interfaces (TUIs) are emerging as a new paradigm for facilitating user interaction with the digital world by providing intuitive means to link the physical and digital worlds. The MEMODULES project has the objective of developing, experimenting and evaluating the concept of tangible shortcuts (reminders), facilitating (a) the control...