Brunno Machado de Campos

University of Campinas | UNICAMP · Faculty of Medical Sciences

The Epilepsy Bioinformatics Study for Antiepileptogenic Therapy (EpiBioS4Rx) study is a prospective multicenter clinical observational study to identify early biomarkers of epileptogenesis after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this preliminary analysis of 37 patients, using a seed-based approach applied to acute (i.e., ≤ 14 days...

There is evidence that neurotransmitter producing nuclei are impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies suggest that locus coeruleus and ventral tegmental area, main producers of noradrenaline and dopamine, respectively, are affected before the onset of amyloid‐beta deposition in the entorhinal cortex. Dysfunction of these nuclei seem to...

There is evidence that neurotransmitter producing nuclei are impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies suggest that locus coeruleus and ventral tegmental area, main producers of noradrenaline and dopamine, respectively, are affected before the onset of amyloid‐beta deposition in the entorhinal cortex. Dysfunction of these nuclei seem to...

Cholinergic, noradrenergic and dopaminergic dysfunction plays an important role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Basal nucleus of Meynert (BNM), locus coeruleus (LC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) are its main producer nuclei, respectively. Neuropathological studies have shown that structural changes are present in these areas from the beginning of t...

Cholinergic, noradrenergic and dopaminergic dysfunction plays an important role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Basal nucleus of Meynert (BNM), locus coeruleus (LC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) are its main producer nuclei, respectively. Neuropathological studies have shown that structural changes are present in these areas from the beginning of t...

Background: Little is known about the underpinning mechanisms of neurological dysfunction in post-COVID syndrome. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 87 consecutive subjects after a mild infection, with a median of 54 days after diagnosis of COVID-19. We performed structured interviews, neurological examinations, 3T-MRI scans, and neur...

Background: Few resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) studies evaluated the impact of acute ischemic changes on cerebral functional connectivity (FC) and its relationship with functional outcomes after acute ischemic stroke (AIS), considering the side and size of lesions. Objective: To characterize alterations of FC of patie...

Objetivos Pacientes com Doenças Falciformes (DF) possuem maior risco de infartos cerebrais silenciosos, que podem levar a importantes déficits cognitivos, e cujo reconhecimento é primordial para a criação de planos terapêuticos direcionados. Este estudo pretendeu rastrear a presença de déficits cognitivos nesses pacientes através do Montreal Cognti...

Although increasing evidence confirms neuropsychiatric manifestations associated mainly with severe COVID-19 infection, long-term neuropsychiatric dysfunction (recently characterized as part of “long COVID-19” syndrome) has been frequently observed after mild infection. We show the spectrum of cerebral impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome co...

Chronotype - the relationship between the internal circadian physiology of an individual and the external 24-hour light-dark cycle - is increasingly implicated in mental health and cognition. Individuals presenting with a late chronotype have an increased likelihood of developing depression, and can display reduced cognitive performance during the...

Background: The response to cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) treatment is variable in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Patients and physicians would benefit if these drugs could be targeted at those most likely to respond in a clinical setting. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the ability of CSF AD biomarkers, hippocampal volumes (H...

Resting-state functional MRI is increasingly used in the clinical setting and is now included in some diagnostic guidelines for severe brain injury patients. However, to ensure high-quality data, one should mitigate fMRI-related noise typical of this population. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the ability of different preprocessing strategies to mi...

Introduction: Research in brain resting-state functional connectivity (FC) analysis in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has conflicting results. This work intends to find differences in resting-state FC of MCI subjects due to Alzheimer´s disease continuum (MCI-AD) or suspected non-Alzheimer pathology (MCI-SNAP). Methods: 92 subjects over 55 years...

PurposeDefault mode network (DMN) has emerged as a potential biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, it is not clear whether it can differentiate amnestic mild cognitive impairment with altered amyloid (aMCI-Aβ +) who will evolve to AD. We evaluated if structural and functional connectivity (FC), hippocampal volumes (HV), and cerebrospinal...

The use of electroencephalography (EEG) signals for biometrics purposes has gained attention in the last few years, and many works have already shown that it is possible to identify a person based on features extracted from these signals. In this work we focus on four functional connectivity measures (magnitude-squared and imaginary coherence, moti...

Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is a common cause of pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy. Here, we (1) performed a histological approach to the anterior temporal pole of patients with HS to evaluate cortical and white matter (WM) cell populations, alteration of myelin integrity and markers of neuronal activity, and (2) correlated microscopic data with magn...

Objective Resting-state functional MRI is increasingly used in the clinical setting and is now included in some diagnostic guidelines for severe brain injury patients. However, to ensure high-quality data, one should mitigate fMRI-related noise typical of this population. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the ability of different preprocessing strate...

Objective: To assess and validate the performance of a new tool developed for segmenting and characterizing lacunas in postoperative MR images of epilepsy patients. Methods: A Matlab-based pipeline was implemented using SPM12 to produce the 3D mask of the surgical lacuna and estimate its volume. To validate its performance, we compared the manua...

Background and aims Little is known about post-COVID-19 neurological symptoms. We aimed to assess neurological manifestations of post-COVID-19 patients and their relation to severity. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 779 consecutive COVID-19 patients (PCR-confirmed) in the post-acute stage (585 women, median age 42, median inter...

Purpose: To measure retina/choroid complex perfusion with magnetic resonance imaging in eyes with acute primary angle-closure (APAC). Methods: Three sequences of magnetic resonance imaging, two anatomical and one perfusional using gadolinium, were acquired in patients who were diagnosed with acute primary angle-closure. Regions of interest were...

Objectives Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with high risk of dementia and brain atrophy in stroke-free patients, but the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. We aimed to examine the brain volume and connectivity of paramount cognitive brain networks in stroke-free patients with AF without dementia. Materials and Methods Tw...

Over the last decade, several methods for analysis of epileptiform signals in electroencephalography (EEG) have been proposed. These methods mainly use EEG signal features in either the time or the frequency domain to separate regular, interictal, and ictal brain activity. The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of using functional con...

Quantitative volumetric brain MRI measurement is important in research applications, but translating it into patient care is challenging. We explore the incorporation of clinical automated quantitative MRI measurements in statistical models predicting outcomes of surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy. Four hundred and thirty-five patients with drug-re...

Objective: To explore the imaging and prognostic implications of the pathological subtypes of hippocampus sclerosis (HS) in patients undergoing epilepsy surgery. Background: There are three different subtypes of HS according to the 2013 ILAE classification. Little is known about whether this pathological distinction could be anticipated on pre-ope...

Although post-acute cognitive dysfunction and neuroimaging abnormalities have been reported after hospital discharge in patients recovered from COVID-19, little is known about persistent, long-term alterations in people without hospitalization. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 87 non-hospitalized recovered individuals 54 days after the labor...

Objective Patients undergoing frontal lobectomy demonstrate lower seizure‐freedom rates than patients undergoing temporal lobectomy and several other resective interventions. We attempted to utilize automated preoperative quantitative analysis of focal and global cortical volume loss to develop predictive volumetric indicators of seizure outcome af...

Background Functional connectivity (FC) of the motor network (MN) is often used to investigate how intrinsic properties of the brain are associated with motor abilities and performance. In addition, the MN is a key feature in clinical work to map the recovery after stroke and aid the understanding of neurodegenerative disorders. Time of day variati...

Objective: This study's objective was to compare the transinsular (TI-AH), transuncus (TU-AH), and temporopolar (TP-AH) amygdalohippocampectomy approaches regarding seizure control, temporal stem (TS) damage, and neurocognitive decline. Methods: We included 114 consecutive patients with unilateral hippocampal sclerosis (HS) who underwent TI-AH,...

Background: The best therapeutic approach to asymptomatic carotid stenosis (ACS) is still subject to discussion. Previous studies have agreed on the findings that ACS patients present with cerebral atrophy and cognitive decline compared to healthy controls. The present study aims to identify possible alterations in the brain functional network of s...

The default mode network (DMN) is a neurofunctional network particularly relevant to Alzheimer's disease (AD) since its structures are vulnerable to the deposition of amyloid (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles [1]. Observing the more up‐to‐date classifications, we classified our patients according to AT(N) (alterations in amyloid (A), tau (T) and neu...

Default Mode Network (DMN) has emerged as a potential biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but it is not clear if it can differentiate amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) in the spectrum of AD (with altered amyloid‐ aMCI‐Aβ+) who will evolve to dementia. 34 aMCI subjects with evidence of AD pathophysiology (low Aβ42 < 540 pg/mL) were follow...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that has been related to impairment of cholinergic system1. Changes in the cholinergic pathways observed in AD would result in severe deterioration of memory3. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers (Aβ42, p‐Tau and t‐Tau), hippocampal volumes (HV) an...

Background and Purpose Cognitive impairment is a common consequence of stroke, and the rewiring of the surviving brain circuits might contribute to cognitive recovery. Studies investigating how the functional connectivity of networks change across time and whether their remapping relates to cognitive recovery in stroke patients are scarce. We aimed...

COVID-19 patients may exhibit neuropsychiatric and neurological symptoms. We found that anxiety and cognitive impairment are manifested by 28-56% of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals with mild respiratory symptoms and are associated with altered cerebral cortical thickness. Using an independent cohort, we found histopathological signs of brain damage...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by a core difference in theory-of-mind (ToM) ability, which extends to alterations in moral judgment and decision-making. Although the function of the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ), a key neural marker of ToM and morality, is known to be atypical in autistic individuals, the neurocomputational...

COVID-19 patients may exhibit neuropsychiatric and/or neurological symptoms. We found that anxiety and cognitive impairment are manifested by 28-56% of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals with mild or no respiratory symptoms and are associated with altered cerebral cortical thickness. Using an independent cohort, we found histopathological signs of bra...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a modified surgical approach for the treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy secondary to hippocampal sclerosis (HS). This modified approach, called temporopolar amygdalohippocampectomy (TP-AH), includes a transsylvian resection of the temporal pole and subsequent amygdalo...

Objective: The learning objectives of this review include recognition of the imaging characteristics of transaxonal degenerations involving cerebellar connections, the identification of potential encephalic lesions that can lead to these degenerations and correlation of the clinical manifestations with imaging findings that reflect this involvement...

Objective: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is the most common type of focal epilepsy in adolescents and adults, and in 65% of cases, it is related to hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Selective surgical approaches to the treatment of MTLE have as their main goal resection of the amygdala and hippocampus with minimal damage to the neocortex, tempora...

The User-Friendly Functional Connectivity (UF2C) software provides researchers with a platform to analyze functional magnetic resonance neuroimages from the initial preprocessing steps to the generation of manuscript-quality figures. UF2C is implemented in Matlab language and falls within the FreeBSD license. Our toolbox builds on a combination of...

Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), especially in women, carrying significant morbidity. This study aimed to investigate the cortical thickness (CT) abnormalities associated with MDD in women with MTLE and hippocampal atrophy (HA). Also, we investigated the impact of...

Background/objectives: Hypothalamic neurons play a major role in the control of body mass. Obese subjects present radiologic signs of gliosis in the hypothalamus, which may reflect the damage or loss of neurons involved in whole-body energy homeostasis. It is currently unknown if hypothalamic gliosis (1) differs between obese nondiabetic (ND) and...

Purpose This study assessed whether optic radiations (OR) microstructure after temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) surgery correlated with visual field defects (VFD). Methods Patients were subjected to diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography of the OR and Humphrey perimetry after TLE surgery. We used Spearman’s test to verify correlations between tra...

Introduction: The increasing use of large sample sizes for population and personalized medicine requires high-throughput tools for imaging processing that can handle large amounts of data with diverse image modalities, perform a biologically meaningful information reduction, and result in comprehensive quantification. Exploring the reproducibility...

The default mode network (DMN) consists of the deactivation of specific regions during the performance of cognitive tasks and activation during resting or mind wandering. Several pieces of evidence indicate the impairment of DMN in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). However, most of these studies combined different underlying etiol...

Introduction The brain plays a key role in the perceptual regulation of exercise, yet neuroimaging techniques have only demonstrated superficial brain areas responses during exercise, and little is known about the modulation of the deeper brain areas at different intensities. Objectives/methods Using a specially designed functional MRI (fMRI) cycl...

Functional and structural changes in the brain have been associated with regular aerobic exercise and expertise in several sports. A variety of neuroimaging techniques have revealed changes in brain activation with increased exercise intensity; however, how expertise modulates neural activation is still unclear for some sports, like cycling. PURPOS...

Adolescents consume 4 times the daily recommendation of sugar, mainly through sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), which reflects about 20% of their daily caloric needs. Brazilian adolescents, for example, consume 17.1% of their daily caloric needs on SSBs. Consumption of SSBs is linked to increased weight gain and cardiovascular risks, as well as to...

Objective It is still unclear how temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with and without hippocampal atrophy (HA) affects cortical language distribution. We aimed to investigate the role of the hippocampus on language lateralization, activation pattern, and functional connectivity (FC) in patients with TLE. Methods We investigated 93 patients with TLE—divi...

Objective To analyze the lifetime trajectories in genetic generalized epilepsies (GGEs) and investigate the impact of symptoms of anxiety and depression on resting state functional connectivity (FC). Methods Seventy‐four GGE patients were classified according to the pharmacological response as seizure‐free (12 patients), pharmacoresistant (PhR; 14...

Introduction: Functional connectivity (FC) of the human brain's intrinsically connected networks underpins cognitive functioning and disruptions of FC are associated with sleep and neurological disorders. However, there is limited research on the impact of circadian phenotype and time of day on FC. Study objectives: The aim of this study was to...

Estudo sobre a possível existência de um viés lateral na atrofia do hipocampo causada por certas doenças degenerativas. Esse viés é investigado através da análise individual do volume cerebral de pacientes de cinco doenças diferentes, cada uma com seu próprio grupo de controles.

A doença de Machado-Joseph (MJD) é uma ataxia espinocerebelar (SCA) neurodegenerativa até o momento sem tratamento específico. Nos últimos anos, diversos resultados promissores na busca por tratamentos farmacológicos para a doença tem sido descritos. Contudo, a limitada disponibilidade de biomarcadores associada à evolução lentamente progressiva da...

A promising technique to identifies interictal epileptiform discharges using an also novel connectivity method. The results can be used as input on event-related analysis for seizure onset zone localization. THIS IS AN ONGOING RESEARCH that I intend to present on the next OHBM.

Sensory-motor integration models have been proposed aiming to explain how the brain uses sensory information to guide and check the planning and execution of movements. Sensory neuronopathy (SN) is a peculiar disease characterized by exclusive, severe and widespread sensory loss. It is a valuable condition to investigate how sensory deafferentation...

Objective In adults, hypothalamic gliosis has been documented using quantitative T2 neuroimaging, whereas functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has shown a defective hypothalamic response to nutrients. No studies have yet evaluated these hypothalamic abnormalities in children with obesity. Methods Children with obesity and lean controls und...

Objectives: To assess white matter abnormalities in Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods: A hundred and thirty-two patients with PD (mean age 60.93 years; average disease duration 7.8 years) and 137 healthy controls (HC; mean age 57.8 years) underwent the same MRI protocol. Patients were assessed by clinical scales and a complete neurological evaluati...