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The army has been essential to secure state sovereignty for Czechoslovakia since October 1918. The new Czechoslovak border was secured by units of the newly formed army, especially at the German border, near Cieszyn and Slovakia. The army was significantly shaped by the French military mission in Czechoslovakia. However, domestic military thinking...
The guarantor of the state’s defence against threats from the outside is always the
country’s army. The armed forces of Czechoslovakia (including Czech and Slovak Republic) in the 20th century fulfilled this role even in moments when it was far from certain whether it would be possible to defend the very existence of a state surrounded by neighbou...
Babrak Karmal found himself in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic in 1978 as a political exile, ending his career in Afghanistan. Not only that, he was soon called back to Kabul by the then Afghan communist elite, saying that only his direct physical liquidation could become the most likely resolution of his personal drama. Even then, however, the...
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