Brian Ray

• PhD
• University of Delhi

Opponents of homeschooling associate it with unchecked and unreported abuse and neglect of children, often arguing for more regulation of or an outright ban of home education. Do homeschool students experience more maltreatment than those in schools and, if so, is it happening in or outside the home? Empirical evidence to answer this question is la...

Resilience could improve parental response to serving as schooling educators during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to determine whether schooling type (homeschool vs. public-school) and physical activity resulted in significantly different perceived resilience among 123 parents of school-aged youth. The main effect of schooling type, but n...

In this article, we identify approaches for understanding more thoroughly the academic and social experiences of homeschooled students. The growth of the homeschooling movement in the United States, questions about the need for additional regulation, and the importance of high‐quality education for children motivate this scholarly effort. We begin...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize what is known about health-related physical fitness (cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition) and physical activity among homeschool youth. Findings from this study have implications for all American youth as they return to public s...

The purpose is to briefly summarize forty years of research on the learner outcomes of the modern homeschooling movement and address whether educators should be promoting home education. Studies show that homeschooling (home education) is generally associated with positive learner outcomes. On average, the home educated perform better than their in...

Homeschooling has witnessed an upsurge in the United States since the movement for school choice gained momentum in the 1990s. Most research on homeschooling has been on non-representative samples of median-income white Americans, making it difficult for policymakers to accept its reliability. In addition, homeschoolers now include other ethnic gro...

This chapter outlines the current situation about homeschooling across the world today. It highlights its enormous growth over the last 40 or 50 years, since its reintroduction in the USA and the impact that has had on the world homeschooling movement. It describes the contested outcomes of home education, including the evidence that students' acad...

This article gives the demographic characteristics of the U.S. homeschooling population and the reasons that parents choose to homeschool, summarizes the findings of studies on the homeschool learner outcomes of academic achievement, social development, and success in adulthood, and proposes future research on parent-led home-based education. The m...

Abstract This article reviews research on homeschool learner outcomes and then focuses on one study and one conceptual theme related to both home education and schooling in general. It synthesizes research on learner outcomes related to homeschooling in areas of students’ academic achievement, children’s social, emotional, and psychological develop...

Home schooling has grown in popularity as an educational choice during the past 35 years in a way that has exceeded almost everyone's predictions. It has moved from almost extinct in the United States in the 1970s to now over 2 million school-age children. And its notoriety and popularity are growing in nations around the globe (Home School Legal D...

Most indications are that the homeschool popu-lation has grown in absolute terms during the past 3 to 5 years. This study shows there were an estimated 2.040 million K to 12 homeschool students in the United States in the spring of 2010, with high confidence that the true number lies between 1.734 million and 2.346 million.

This nationwide cross-sectional, descriptive study examines the educational history, demographic features, and academic achievement of home-educated students and the basic demographics of their families, and to assess the relationships between the students’ academic achievement and selected student and family variables. Data on 11,739 homeschooling...

The professoriate is a highly individualized endeavor where scholars work independently on projects of their choosing. High stakes issues of retentions and promotions require new faculty members to document a public expertise in scholarship. In one sense, academics are scholarly gamesmen (Maccoby 1976) who attempt to create a scholarly presence whi...

This fact sheet presents the following general facts and trends. Homeschooling may be the fastest-growing form of education in the United States and it is also growing around the world in many nations. There are about 2 million homeschool students in the United States. There were an estimated 1.9 to 2.4 million children (in grades K to 12) home edu...

Experience and anecdotes have led many people to believe that homeschool parents were either move-to-the-country anarchist goat-herders, or right-wing Bible-thumpers, and their children were either mathematically-limited, due to Mama's fear of math, or child prodigies in rocket-science who were unthinkably socially hindered. Although one can find s...

A survey of 808 Canadian homeschooling families representing 2,594 children examined family characteristics, academic achievement, and students' social activities. Families averaged 3.5 children. Generally, parents were well educated but had below-average incomes. Homeschooled children scored above average on standardized tests and were regularly e...

The home-education phenomenon within the United States has increased in popularity within recent years. The research literature on home education also has expanded beyond the few, isolated studies of a generation ago. Profiles emerging from the recent research suggest that home-education families vary considerably in ideology and are more affluent...

Data were collected from students in grades three to eight (N = 377) in order to identify the determinants of their intentions to perform laboratory and nonlaboratory science activities. Fishbein and Ajzen's theory of reasoned action was used as the basis for the study. The theory posits that the immediate determinant of behavior is intention. Inte...

Whether the constructs of value consistency and social capital can be used to explain the achievement outcomes of home education is explored. It is evident that children exposed to home schooling experience a high degree of value consistency. The values to which such children are exposed in education are those of their families. This would seem to...

In view of the fact that in the past decade parents have increasingly begun to educate their children at home, this paper aims to provide an overview of home schooling in the United States. The paper reviews the history of home schooling, describes the characteristics of families involved in home schooling, and discusses the future of home schoolin...

The available evidence indicates that home school youth of compulsory education age have been scoring equal or better than their conventional school peers on measures of cognitive achievement and desirable affective traits; the significance of this is discussed. (BJV)

This review of literature compares schooling at home and in school. After definitions of home schooling and conventional schooling are supplied, general characteristics of home schools are delineated. Discussion subsequently focuses on the outcomes of home schooling. With respect to cognitive outcomes, the evidence suggests that youth educated in t...