Brian D Inouye

Brian D Inouye
Florida State University | FSU · Department of Biological Science

PhD, Ecology. MS, Statistics

About

133
Publications
46,452
Reads
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11,120
Citations
Introduction
I don't check ResearchGate very often. For article requests it is better to email me directly.
Skills and Expertise
Additional affiliations
January 2002 - present
Florida State University
Position
  • Professor (Associate)

Publications

Publications (133)
Preprint
Full-text available
The Enemy Release Hypothesis (ERH) proposes that non-native plants escape their co-evolved herbivores and benefit from reduced herbivory in their introduced ranges. Numerous studies have tested this hypothesis, with conflicting results, but previous studies focus on average levels of herbivory and overlook the substantial within-population variabil...
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Plant resistance and predators can influence density‐dependent survivorship and growth of herbivores, and their damage to plants. Although the independent effects of plant resistance and predators on herbivores and herbivory are well known, little is known about their interactive and density‐dependent effects on herbivores and the amount and distri...
Article
Augmentative release of predators is used in agriculture to suppress pest populations and minimise crop damage. However, predators affect prey populations not only through consumption but by inducing changes to prey morphology, physiology, behaviour and life history. These risk‐induced trait responses can increase prey fitness, potentially reducing...
Article
Interactions between plants and herbivores are central in most ecosystems, but their strength is highly variable. The amount of variability within a system is thought to influence most aspects of plant-herbivore biology, from ecological stability to plant defense evolution. Our understanding of what influences variability, however, is limited by sp...
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The Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory (RMBL; Colorado, USA) is the site for many research projects spanning decades, taxa, and research fields from ecology to evolutionary biology to hydrology and beyond. Climate is the focus of much of this work and provides important context for the rest. There are five major sources of data on climate in the...
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Plants and herbivores are remarkably variable in space and time, and variability has been considered a defining feature of their interactions. Empirical research, however, has traditionally focused on understanding differences in means and overlooked the theoretically significant ecological and evolutionary roles of variability itself. We review th...
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Flowering phenology can vary considerably even at fine spatial scales, potentially leading to temporal reproductive isolation among habitat patches. Climate change could alter flowering synchrony, and hence temporal isolation, if plants in different microhabitats vary in their phenological response to climate change. Despite the importance of tempo...
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Recent reports of insect declines have caused concern among scientists and the public. Declines in insect abundance and biomass are ubiquitous across many climatic zones and have been largely attributed to anthropogenic land use intensification and climate change. However, there are few examples of long‐term continuous data in relatively undisturbe...
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Local density can affect individual performance by altering the strength of species interactions. Within many populations, local densities vary spatially (individuals are patchily distributed) or change across life stages, which should influence the selection and eco‐evolutionary feedback because local density variance affects mean fitness and is a...
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Climate change models often assume similar responses to temperatures across the range of a species, but local adaptation or phenotypic plasticity can lead plants and animals to respond differently to temperature in different parts of their range. To date, there have been few tests of this assumption at the scale of continents, so it is unclear if t...
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The timing of life events (phenology) can be influenced by climate. Studies from around the world tell us that climate cues and species' responses can vary greatly. If variation in climate effects on phenology is strong within a single ecosystem, climate change could lead to ecological disruption, but detailed data from diverse taxa within a single...
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Phenological distributions are characterized by their central tendency, breadth, and shape, and all three determine the extent to which interacting species overlap in time. Pollination mutualisms rely on temporal co‐occurrence of pollinators and their floral resources, and although much work has been done to characterize the shapes of flower phenol...
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Advancing spring phenology is a well documented consequence of anthropogenic climate change, but it is not well understood how climate change will affect the variability of phenology year to year. Species' phenological timings reflect the adaptation to a broad suite of abiotic needs (e.g., thermal energy) and biotic interactions (e.g., predation an...
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We are pleased that submission rates at Ecological Monographs have been increasing for the last four years; they are up 7% from 2020 and 18% from 2019. Perhaps this partly reflects a pandemic bump in author productivity, but 2022 has also started with a high pace of submissions. We are receiving more varied and cross-cutting manuscripts than ever b...
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Consumer‐resource interactions are often influenced by other species in the community, such as when neighbouring plants increase or reduce herbivory to a focal plant species (known as associational effects). The many studies on associational effects between a focal plant and some neighbour have shown that these effects can vary greatly in strength...
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Abstract Maintaining fire‐dependent habitat for species of conservation concern often requires a balancing act between the short‐term costs of direct mortality caused by fires and the long‐term benefits of ensuring high‐quality habitat. To reduce risk to threatened populations, land managers may need to adjust the frequency with which they burn sit...
Preprint
Full-text available
Phenological distributions are characterized by their central tendency, breadth, and shape, and all three determine the extent to which interacting species overlap in time. Pollination mutualisms rely on temporal co-occurrence of pollinators and their floral resources, and while much work has been done to characterize the shapes of flower phenologi...
Preprint
Full-text available
Advancing spring phenology is a well-documented consequence of anthropogenic climate change, but it is not well understood how climate change will affect the variability of phenology year-to-year. Species’ phenological timings reflect adaptation to a broad suite of abiotic needs (e.g. thermal energy) and biotic interactions (e.g. predation and poll...
Article
The COVID-19 pandemic precluded the summer supplemental REUs that were planned as part of a collaborative NSF grant. Instead, a hybrid, cross-country, REU experience during the academic year was created. The fellowships (20 hours per week for 20 weeks) involved three faculty mentoring five students from Florida State University (a research universi...
Article
Synopsis Biological systems are likely to be constrained by trade-offs among robustness, resilience, and performance. A better understanding of these trade-offs is important for basic biology, as well as applications where biological systems can be designed for different goals. We focus on redundancy and plasticity as mechanisms governing some type...
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Climate change is shifting the environmental cues that determine the phenology of interacting species. Plant–pollinator systems may be susceptible to temporal mismatch if bees and flowering plants differ in their phenological responses to warming temperatures. While the cues that trigger flowering are well‐understood, little is known about what det...
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Effects of group size (local conspecific density) on individual performance can be substantial, yet it is unclear how these translate to larger‐scale and longer‐term outcomes. Effects of group size can be mediated by both top‐down and bottom‐up interactions, can change in type or direction across the life cycle, and can depend on the spatial scale...
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For some animals, the habitat which they first experience can influence the type of habitat which they select later in life and, thus, potentially their population distribution and dynamics. However, for many insect herbivores, whose natal habitat may consist of a single hostplant, the consequences of natal hostplant experience remain untested in l...
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Assessing the status of species in the Anthropocene requires an understanding of basic ecological processes affecting population dynamics and the impacts of ongoing climate and environmental changes. Various combinations of forces and their feedbacks drive species distributions and abundances across large spatial and temporal scales, which can be a...
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Measures of the seasonal timing of biological events are key to addressing questions about how phenology evolves, modifies species interactions, and mediates biological responses to climate change. Phenology is often characterized in terms of discrete events, such as a date of first flowering or arrival of first migrants. We discuss how phenologica...
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Many insect species have limited sensory abilities and may not be able to perceive the quality of different resource types while approaching patchily distributed resources. These restrictions may lead to differences in selection rates between separate patches and between different resource types within a patch, which may have consequences for assoc...
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The amount and arrangement of habitat is a fundamental determinant of biodiversity and ecosystem processes in a landscape. Biodiversity is expected to decline following habitat loss and isolation, potentially impeding ecosystem function. But because greater isolation usually accompanies habitat loss, the effects of habitat amount and isolation can...
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Climate change can influence consumer populations both directly, by affecting survival and reproduction, and indirectly, by altering resources. However, little is known about the relative importance of direct and indirect effects, particularly for species important to ecosystem functioning, like pollinators. We used structural equation modelling to...
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An individual's susceptibility to attack can be influenced by conspecific and heterospecifics neighbors. Predicting how these neighborhood effects contribute to population-level processes such as competition and evolution requires an understanding of how the strength of neighborhood effects is modified by changes in the abundances of both consumers...
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Small-scale soil disturbances such as soil mounds produced by gophers are known to influence local plant communities. A variety of mechanisms might account for the influence of gopher disturbances on individual plant success, but understanding of these mechanisms is not well developed. Disturbances are often assumed to affect plants through changin...
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Disturbances are widespread in nature and can have substantial population‐level consequences. Most empirical studies on the effects of disturbance track population recovery within habitat patches, but have an incomplete representation of the recolonization process. In addition, recent metapopulation models represent post‐disturbance colonization wi...
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An assessment of fractionated mouse hippocampal peptides was conducted. Protein extract from a single mouse hippocampus was enzymatically digested and fractionated by isoelectric focusing. Aliquots of fractions were pooled into fewer, more complex samples. The unfractionated lysate, fractions, and pooled fractions were subjected to liquid chromatog...
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A persistent challenge for ecologists is understanding the ecological mechanisms that maintain global patterns of biodiversity, particularly the latitudinal diversity gradient of peak species richness in the tropics. Spatial and temporal variation in community composition contribute to these patterns of biodiversity, but how this variation and its...
Article
Competition and herbivory can interact to influence the recovery of plant communities from disturbance. Previous attention has focused on the roles of dominant plant species in structuring plant communities, leaving the roles of subordinate species often overlooked. In this study, we examined how manipulating the density of a subordinate plant spec...
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Dinosauria;growth curves;life tables
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Theory predicts that spatial structure can mediate interactions that affect species diversity in a patchy environment. A rarely considered effect of spatial structure on biodiversity is the interplay of spatial habitat arrangement with species interactions at multiple spatial scales. We investigated how spatial habitat arrangement and predation med...
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Species in diverse communities typically have direct interactions with a small subset of other species, yet indirect effects can be traced between all of the species in a community. When multiple pathways of indirect effects link a pair of species, the magnitude and sign of the net effects depend on the details of the links in each indirect pathway...
Article
Many theories regarding the evolution of inducible resistance in plants have an implicit spatial component, but most relevant population dynamic studies ignore spatial dynamics. We examined a spatially explicit model of plant inducible resistance and herbivore population dynamics to explore how realistic features of resistance and herbivore respons...
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Predators can influence primary producers by generating cascades of effects in ecological webs. These effects are often non-intuitive, going undetected because they involve many links and different types of species interactions. Particularly, little is understood about how antagonistic (negative) and mutualistic (positive) interactions combine to c...
Article
Mutualisms play a central role in the origin and maintenance of biodiversity. Because many mutualisms have strong demographic effects, interspecific variation in partner quality could have important consequences for population dynamics. Nevertheless, few studies have quantified how a mutualist partner influences population growth rates, and still f...
Conference Paper
Neighboring plants of a different species or genotype can influence a focal plant’s vulnerability to herbivory. Such "associational effects” occur when herbivory on a focal plant, at a particular density, is a function of neighbor composition. These effects underlie many pest management strategies including push-pull systems and companion planting....
Conference Paper
Background/Question/Methods Interactions between individual consumer and resource organisms can be modified by neighbors, e.g. when herbivory depends on the identity or diversity of neighboring plants. Effects of neighbors on consumer-resource interactions (“associational effects”) occur in many systems including plant-herbivore and plant-pollina...
Conference Paper
Background/Question/Methods Interactions between individual consumer and resource organisms can be modified by neighbors, e.g. when herbivory depends on the identity or diversity of neighboring plants. Effects of neighbors on consumer-resource interactions (“associational effects”) occur in many systems including plant-herbivore and plant-pollina...
Conference Paper
Background/Question/Methods Neighbors have the potential to influence individual vulnerability to predation and parasitism in a number of systems (e.g. plant-herbivore interactions, predator-prey interactions, host-pathogen interactions). Such "associational effects"--—those effects on a focal resource at a particular density that are due to the...
Preprint
Full-text available
Mutualisms play a central role in the origin and maintenance of biodiversity. Because many mutualisms have strong demographic effects, interspecific variation in partner quality could have important consequences for population dynamics. Nevertheless, few studies have quantified how a mutualist partner influences population growth rates, and still f...
Preprint
Mutualisms play a central role in the origin and maintenance of biodiversity. Because many mutualisms have strong demographic effects, interspecific variation in partner quality could have important consequences for population dynamics. Nevertheless, few studies have quantified how a mutualist partner influences population growth rates, and still f...
Article
Full-text available
Effects of neighboring plants on herbivore damage to a focal plant (associational effects) have been documented in many systems and can lead to either increased or decreased herbivore attack. Mechanistic models that explain the observed variety of herbivore responses to local plant community composition have, however, been lacking. We present a mod...
Preprint
Full-text available
Mutualisms play a central role in the origin and maintenance of biodiversity. Because many mutualisms have strong demographic effects, interspecific variation in partner quality could have important consequences for population dynamics. Nevertheless, few studies have quantified how a mutualist partner influences population growth rates; still fewer...
Article
Full-text available
Interactions between individual consumer and resource organisms can be modified by neighbors, e.g., when herbivory depends on the identity or diversity of neighboring plants. Effects of neighbors on consumer-resource interactions ("associational effects") occur in many systems, including plant-herbivore interactions, predator-prey interactions (mim...
Article
Full-text available
Habitat loss can have a negative effect on the number, abundance, and composition of species in plant-pollinator communities. Although we have a general understanding of the negative consequences of habitat loss for biodiversity, much less is known about the resulting effects on the pattern of interactions in mutualistic networks. Ecological networ...
Conference Paper
Background/Question/Methods Populations with overlapping generations consist of individuals of different size classes. This widespread source of intraspecific variation can alter a range of ecological phenomena from conspecific interactions to ecosystem dynamics. We investigated the population and community level effects of size structure in a top...
Article
Full-text available
Insect herbivores can affect plant abundance and community composition, and theory suggests that herbivores influence plant communities by altering interspecific interactions among plants. Because the outcome of interspecific interactions is influenced by the per capita competitive ability of plants, density dependence, and intrinsic rates of incre...
Article
Aim A long‐standing challenge in ecology is to identify the suite of factors that lead to turnover in species composition in both space and time. These factors might be stochastic (e.g. sampling and priority effects) or deterministic (e.g. competition and environmental filtering). While numerous studies have examined the relationship between turnov...
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Understanding and predicting range expansion are key objectives in many basic and applied contexts. Among dioecious organisms, there is strong evidence for sex differences in dispersal, which could alter the sex ratio at the expansion's leading edge. However, demographic stochasticity could also affect leading-edge sex ratios, perhaps overwhelming...
Conference Paper
Background/Question/Methods Plants that reproduce both sexually and asexually may benefit from the allocation of resources to the mode of reproduction that will be most successful in current environmental conditions. Successful pollination or herbivore damage to clonal buds might favor increased allocation to flowers, while lack of pollination or...
Conference Paper
Background/Question/Methods Top predators can influence primary production and other basal resources in food webs by generating trophic cascades. Trophic cascades are characterized by strong food chains; in terrestrial systems these typically occur when predators suppress herbivores and indirectly benefit plants. Previous studies have shown that t...
Conference Paper
Background/Question/Methods Effects of insect herbivores on individual plant performance have been demonstrated in many systems. In contrast, the possibility that these individual-level effects alter plant population dynamics has not been well tested. Such tests are important because the hypothesis that herbivores affect population dynamics under...
Conference Paper
Background/Question/Methods Habitat loss and fragmentation continue to threaten biodiversity. The quality of the intervening matrix habitat can drive the negative effects of habitat loss and fragmentation by serving as a dispersal barrier when the matrix is inhospitable. Alternatively, a more hospitable matrix may serve as a source of colonizers...
Conference Paper
Background/Question/Methods An increased emphasis on the role of experimental manipulations in Ecology developed while statistical methods were dominated by linear statistical models and computational power put severe limits on the range of potential analyses. More recently, increased computational power, new algorithms, and shifts in the influen...
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History drives community assembly through differences both in density (density effects) and in the sequence in which species arrive (sequence effects). Density effects arise from predictable population dynamics, which are free of history, but sequence effects are due to a density-free mechanism, arising solely from the order and timing of immigrati...
Conference Paper
Background/Question/Methods The question of whether insect herbivores influence plant communities was originally controversial; plants were expected to be limited primarily by competition rather than consumers. Several studies have now demonstrated that these herbivores can influence plant composition. Most of these studies use “blanket removals”...
Article
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Qian et al. and Tuomisto and Ruokolainen critique our analyses of elevational and latitudinal variation in tree diversity. We address their points by reanalyzing different subsets of our data and by clarifying certain misconceptions, and reiterate that gradients in β diversity can be explained in the elevational and latitudinal tree data sets by va...
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Crocodilians have dominated predatory niches at the water-land interface for over 85 million years. Like their ancestors, living species show substantial variation in their jaw proportions, dental form and body size. These differences are often assumed to reflect anatomical specialization related to feeding and niche occupation, but quantified data...
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1. In ecological webs, net indirect interactions between species are composed of interactions that vary in sign and magnitude. Most studies have focused on negative component interactions (e.g. predation, herbivory) without considering the relative importance of positive interactions (e.g. mutualism, facilitation) for determining net indirect effec...
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Most population dynamics models explicitly track the density of a single sex. When the operational sex ratio can vary, two-sex models may be needed to understand and predict population trajectories. Various functions have been proposed to describe the relative contributions of females and males to recruitment, and these functions can differ qualita...
Article
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Current competition theory does not adequately address the fact that competitors may affect the survival, growth, and reproductive rates of their resources. Ecologically important interactions in which consumers affect resource vital rates range from parasitism and herbivory to mutualism. We present a general model of competition that explicitly in...
Article
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Understanding spatial variation in biodiversity along environmental gradients is a central theme in ecology. Differences in species compositional turnover among sites (β diversity) occurring along gradients are often used to infer variation in the processes structuring communities. Here, we show that sampling alone predicts changes in β diversity c...
Conference Paper
Background/Question/Methods Most population dynamics models explicitly track the density of a single sex. When the operational sex ratio can vary, two-sex models may be needed to understand and predict population trajectories. Various functions have been proposed to describe the relative contributions of females and males to recruitment, and these...
Conference Paper
Background/Question/Methods: The spatial patterns of plants (i.e., whether they are arranged in a clumped, random, or uniform pattern) can influence both herbivore damage and competition, and thus should influence plant population growth and spread. However, very little is known about how plant spatial patterns are generated in the first place. In...
Conference Paper
Background/Question/Methods Interactions among plant and pollinator mutualists form networks that often conform to a characteristic structure. The structure of plant-pollinator networks may be neutrally influenced by the number and abundance of different species, and by the composition of species due to trait matching constraints. Both local and l...
Conference Paper
Background/Question/Methods Spatial models that couple demography and dispersal are important tools for understanding and predicting range expansion by invasive organisms. In current models, dispersal is characterized by a stationary distribution of individual movement distances. However, for many organisms, dispersal distance is influenced by lo...
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The dispersal ability of queens is central to understanding ant life-history evolution, and plays a fundamental role in ant population and community dynamics, the maintenance of genetic diversity, and the spread of invasive ants. In tropical ecosystems, species from over 40 genera of ants establish colonies in the stems, hollow thorns, or leaf pouc...
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Population models that combine demography and dispersal are important tools for forecasting the spatial spread of biological invasions. Current models describe the dynamics of only one sex (typically females). Such models cannot account for the sex-related biases in dispersal and mating behavior that are typical of many animal species. In this arti...