Brian Fabo

National Bank of Slovakia · Research Department

Predložená správa je jedným z výstupov národného projektu „Podpora partnerstva a dialógu v oblasti participatívnej tvorby verejných politík II.“ (ďalej len NP PARTI 2), realizovaného Úradom splnomocnenca vlády SR pre rozvoj občianskej spoločnosti (ďalej len ÚSV ROS) a podporeného z prostriedkov Európskeho sociálneho fondu cez OP Efektívna verejná s...

The Working Paper Series disseminates research papers of high quality and often of a more technical nature relevant to the various areas of interest to the Bank. They constitute "work in progress" and are published to stimulate discussion and contribute to the advancement of knowledge of economic matters. They are addressed to experts, so readers s...

This report provides a mapping of existing research that employs online labour market data, covering both online job vacancies (demand side) and online applicant data (CVs) (supply side). We discuss and assess a variety of tools and empirical methods that have been used to address specific disadvantages of this data, such as non-representativeness...

They constitute "work in progress" and are published to stimulate discussion and contribute to the advancement of knowledge of economic matters. They are addressed to experts, so readers should be knowledgeable in economics. Working Papers are available in electronic format only (pdf).

We compare the findings of central bank researchers and academic economists regarding the macroeconomic effects of quantitative easing (QE). We find that central bank papers find QE to be more effective than academic papers do. Central bank papers report larger effects of QE on output and inflation. They also report QE effects on output that are mo...

This paper addresses demand for skilled labour in Slovakia, a country that is characterized by a high degree of economic integration through inward foreign investment and through international backward linkages within global value chains. Developing existing approaches to political economy and global production networks (GPNs), our framework distin...

Key points: -The EU should support the development of a minimum income standard that would allow for adequate social participation. -The standard at-risk-of-poverty threshold does not reflect the actual living costs. -Alternative indicators demonstrate that the disposable incomes of low-earning households are not sufficient to make ends meet in the...

This article aims to provide an overview of the main implications of digitalization for central banking and financial sector regulators. In addition to providing an overview of the current state of the art, several implications for policy and research agendas of the central banks are presented. The main claim is that the digital era will require ta...

The EU should support the development of a minimum income standard that would allow for adequate social participation.-The standard at-risk-of-poverty threshold does not reflect the actual living costs.-Alternative indicators demonstrate that the disposable incomes of low-earning households are not sufficient to make ends meet in the southern and e...

The article examines the potential implications of e-commerce for central banks in general and the National Bank of Slovakia in particular. Drawing on the current state of the art in economic literature and available data, both the current situation and future outlook are examined. The main conclusion of the article is that while the immediate i...

In this paper, we compare the estimates of earnings determinants based on the non-probabilistic WageIndicator web survey with those based on the widely used, representative EU Study of Income and Living Conditions survey. Using 10 years of Dutch data, we show that there exists an established segment of predominantly junior workers from which the re...

Minimum wage is one of the most debated issues in the labour policy area. Often perceived as a trade-off between employment and equality in earnings, the debate on minimum wage is highly polarized. With regard to the undergoing discussions on the Social Pillar of the European integration, we aim to extend the debate to include the aspect of minimum...

In a globalized world, knowledge of foreign languages is an important skill. Especially in Europe, with its 24 official languages and its countless regional and minority languages, foreign language skills are a key asset in the labor market. Earlier research shows that over half of the EU27 population is able to speak at least one foreign language,...

—− Platforms may have a transformative and potentially severe impact on the employment relationship in the future, but so far this impact has been varied and very limited —− Many platforms are embedded in specific locations and hence within reach of existing regulatory tools, while others contribute to the offshoring of work —− The European Commiss...

This article contributes to the debate on labour platforms (e.g. TaskRabbit, CoContest, ListMinut) by analysing the potential of such platforms. Although we see potential in online platforms in terms of job creation and providing opportunities to discouraged and disadvantaged people, we also address some of the challenges related to such work. Pres...

In this paper, we explore the Airbnb payoffs on the macro (global), mezzo (national) and micro (city) level. The main aim of the paper is to pilot a methodology for exploring, whether Airbnb can serve as a source for income replacement. Combining a variety of data sources on the affluence of a given location, we aim to estimate the potential payoff...

This contribution analyses the interplay between outsourcing and the spatial organisation of work. We provide an overview of different types of process that shift work across company boundaries and in space, discuss the different impacts on the nature of employment and identify the relevant strategic issues for workers as well as the possible regul...

In this paper, we put to the test two innovative approaches, which are both based on web data, to examine occupations and skills. Driven by technological change, new tasks, occupations and skills have emerged whereas others have become redundant. At the same time, existing occupations have substantially transformed. These transformations have been...

This paper presents the findings of six case studies, each of which makes use of web data, to carry out research on occupations and skills. The idea behind the case studies is to put into test a series of methodologies and assess what one can learn. four case studies are based on job advertisements, one case study is based on meta data, and one cas...

Along with the advancement of the Internet in the last decade, researchers have increasingly identified the web as a research platform and a data source, pointing out its value for labour market analysis. This article presents a review of online data sources for this field. Specifically, the article introduces web-based research, focusing on the po...

As a result of technological progress and economic change, many new occupations have emerged in the labour market, while others have become redundant and disappeared. Along with these new and emerging occupations, new skills have been introduced that can be developed through formal education, on-the-job training or learning-by-doing (or in some oth...

This State of the Art Report aims to provide an overview of the academic and the policy debate on the emergence of new occupations and skills in the 21th century. Although the discussion on new jobs and skills is not new to the literature or the public debate, the issue still receives a lot of attention because of the socio-ecological transition th...

Using a sample of approximately 2 million job advertisements published online, this paper assesses which educational, skills and other requirements US employers demand the most. The analysis is focused on the 30 most-frequently advertised occupations in the United States, of different levels of complexity, and finds that employers are quite demandi...

The massification of tertiary education means that a significant percentage of young people participate in tertiary education while also working. They can be seen as a threat – as cheap and highly qualified competition for low-skilled workers in casual jobs who are setting aside their studies for the time being in favour of immediate income. Or the...

The onset of the Velvet Revolution in 1989 led to a radical transformation of the social structure and new types of economic inequalities in Slovakia, but the media, academia, and civil society initially rejected any talk of these developments in terms of class, seeing the topic as potentially toxic to democracy. There was a tendency to veer away f...

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the size and composition of the student labour force in order to consider its potential impact on labour markets in the European Union. The paper is based on an analysis of EU Labour Force Survey data from 2011, supplemented by the findings of the EUROSTUDENT project. The structure of student labour is discu...

The massification of tertiary education means that a significant percentage of young people participate in tertiary education while also working. They can be seen as a threat – as cheap and highly qualified competition for low-skilled workers in casual jobs who are setting aside their studies for the time being in favour of immediate income. Or the...

This article studies the migration response of young people from new EU Member States to disparate conditions in an enlarged European Union at the onset of the Great Recession. We use Eurobarometer data and probabilistic econometric models to identify the key drivers of the intention to work in another Member State of the European Economic Area (EE...