Brenda F Kurland

• PhD
• ERT

Background Standard measures of response such as Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors are ineffective for bone lesions, often making breast cancer patients that have bone-dominant metastases ineligible for clinical trials with potentially helpful therapies. In this study we prospectively evaluated the test-retest uptake variability of 2-deo...

BACKGROUND Standard measures of response such as Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors are ineffective for bone lesions, often making breast cancer patients with bone-dominant metastases ineligible for clinical trials with potentially helpful therapies. In this study we prospectively evaluated the test-retest uptake variability of 2-deoxy-2-...

PET imaging with 16α-18F-fluoro-17β-fluoroestradiol (18F-FES), a radiolabeled form of estradiol, allows whole-body, noninvasive evaluation of estrogen receptor (ER). 18F-FES is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as a diagnostic agent "for the detection of ER-positive lesions as an adjunct to biopsy in patients with recurrent or metas...

Rapid advances in automated methods for extracting large numbers of quantitative features from medical images have led to tremendous growth of publications reporting on radiomic analyses. Translation of these research studies into clinical practice can be hindered by biases introduced during the design, analysis, or reporting of the studies. Herein...

Purpose This study evaluated the ability of ¹⁸ F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and ¹⁸ F-Fluorothymidine (FLT) imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) to measure early response to endocrine therapy from baseline to just prior to surgical resection in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast tumors. Methods In two separate studies, women with earl...

p>Lung cancer has the highest incidence of metastases to the brain, with up to 40% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients developing brain metastases (BM). There is a critical need to develop novel treatments to effectively prevent and treat NSCLC BM. MET is a receptor tyrosine kinase that upon binding hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), mediat...

INTRODUCTION Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is standard treatment for locally advanced (LABC) or inflammatory breast cancer (IBC). We hypothesized adding sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic activity, to an anthracycline and taxane regimen would improve pathologic complete response (pCR) rates to a prespecified endpo...

Background Estrogen receptor (ER) status by immunohistochemistry (IHC) of breast cancer tissue is currently used to direct endocrine therapy. Fluoroestradiol F18 (18F-FES) is a noninvasive method to determine the presence and ligand-binding function of the ER in metastatic breast cancer lesions throughout the body. Concordance of imaging and tissue...

Rationale: Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) may overcome endocrine resistance in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) metastatic breast cancer. We tested whether 18F-Fluoroestradiol (18F-FES)-PET imaging would elucidate pharmacodynamics of combination HDACi and endocrine therapy. Methods: Patients with ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer with pri...

The Clinical Trial Design and Development Working Group within the Quantitative Imaging Network focuses on providing support for the development, validation, and harmonization of quantitative imaging (QI) methods and tools for use in cancer clinical trials. In the past 10 years, the Group has been working in several areas to identify challenges and...

The Clinical Trial Design and Development Working Group within the Quantitative Imaging Network focuses on providing support for the development, validation, and harmonization of quantitative imaging (QI) methods and tools for use in cancer clinical trials. In the past 10 years, the Group has been working in several areas to identify challenges and...

Estrogen receptor (ER) status by immunohistochemistry (IHC) of cancer tissue is currently used to direct endocrine therapy in breast cancer. Positron emission tomography (PET) with 16α-18F-fluoro-17β-estradiol (18F-FES) noninvasively characterizes ER ligand–binding function of breast cancer lesions. Concordance of imaging and tissue assays should b...

Background: Bone dominant metastatic breast cancer can be difficult to stage using conventional imaging. ¹⁸F-FES is an estrogen analogue PET imaging tracer that measures estrogen receptor (ER) expression at multiple tumor sites simultaneously and predicts response to endocrine therapy. We analyzed FES-PET and FDG-PET SUV uptake within bone in patie...

Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription-3 (STAT3), a potent oncogenic transcription factor, is constitutively activated in lung cancer, but mutations in pathway genes are infrequent. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor-T (PTPRT) is an endogenous inhibitor of STAT3 and PTPRT loss-of-function represents one potential mechanism of STAT3 h...

Purpose Glioblastoma is a lethal brain tumor, heavily infiltrated by tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs). TAMCs are emerging as a promising therapeutic target as they suppress anti-tumor immune responses and promote tumor cell growth. Quantifying TAMCs using non-invasive immunoPET could facilitate patient stratification for TAMC-targeted treatme...

Purpose Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) continues to be the hallmark biomarker for prostate cancer as it is expressed on nearly all prostatic tumors. In addition, increased PSMA expression correlates with castration resistance and progression to the metastatic stage of the disease. Recently, we combined both an albumin-binding motif and a...

Background: Brain metastases occur in over 40% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients leading to a poor prognosis. c-Met (MET) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that upon binding hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), mediates proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. We have previously shown that t...

Purpose: Glioblastoma is a lethal brain tumor, heavily infiltrated by tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs). TAMCs are emerging as a promising therapeutic target as they suppress anti-tumor immune responses and promote tumor cell growth. Quantifying TAMCs using non-invasive immunoPET could facilitate patient stratification for TAMC-targeted treatm...

Metastatic breast cancer frequently leads to brain metastases and, less commonly, leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC). Once cerebrospinal fluid involvement occurs, the prognosis is poor. There are limited treatment options available, but none offer significant survival benefit. Methotrexate, given systemically at high doses (3.5-8 gm/m2), achieves c...

Rationale The Food and Drug Administration is considering severely restricting the nicotine in cigarettes, to reduce smoking. A study showed that non-daily, intermittent smokers (ITS) randomized to very-low-nicotine-content cigarettes (VLNCCs) reduced their cigarette consumption. Objectives To assess whether increased smoking intensity of VLNCCs c...

Introduction: Angiogenesis and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling are potential therapeutic targets in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). We hypothesized that targeting these critical pathways would prolong progression-free survival with first-line therapy for metastatic TNBC. Patients and methods: We conducted a phase II trial of nab...

Calibration and reproducibility of quantitative 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET measures are essential for adopting integral FDG-PET/CT biomarkers and response measures in multicenter clinical trials. We implemented a multicenter qualification process using NIST-traceable reference sources for scanners and dose calibrators, and similar patient and...

Two data points from Table 1. (continued) were published in error. The corrected data in Table 1. (continued) are shown, in italic, below.

Aims Several studies have demonstrated analytical comparability between different PD‐L1 assays, but their clinical validity in non‐small cell lung cancer in terms of response to treatment outside of clinical trials has not been established. The aim of our study is to assess the analytical performance of laboratory developed tests for Ventana SP263...

Very late antigen-4 (VLA-4; also known as integrin α4β1) is expressed at high levels in aggressive and metastatic melanoma tumors and may provide an ideal target for imaging and targeted radiotherapy. 177Lu-DOTA-PEG4-LLP2A (177Lu-LLP2A) shows high affinity for VLA-4 and had high uptake in B16F10 mouse melanoma tumors in vivo. Here, we report effica...

Importance The US Food and Drug Administration is considering limiting cigarettes to very low nicotine levels. Cigarette consumption of nondaily intermittent smokers (ITS), who compose one-third of US adult smokers, could feasibly increase or could be unaffected if their smoking is not motivated by nicotine seeking. Objective To compare cigarette...

Modern radiation therapy is delivered with great precision, in part by relying on high-resolution multi-dimensional anatomical imaging to define targets in space and time. The development of quantitative imaging (QI) modalities capable of monitoring biologic parameters has the potential to provide deeper insight into tumor biology and facilitate mo...

Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is considered a powerful tumor suppressor mechanism. Caveolin-1 acts as a scaffolding protein to functionally regulate signaling molecules. We demonstrate that a lack of caveolin-1 expression inhibits oncogenic K-Ras (K-RasG12V)-induced premature senescence in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and normal human bro...

Introduction: A hormonal role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development is well documented. We previously showed that the aromatase inhibitor (AI) anastrozole decreased the development of tobacco carcinogen-induced lung tumors in a murine lung cancer prevention model and that aromatase and estrogen receptor (ER) were expressed in pulmonary...

Introduction: Doxorubicin in combination with cyclophosphamide is active in breast cancer; however, its use in metastatic cancer is limited owing to cardiotoxicity. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) was formulated to decrease the toxicity of conventional doxorubicin. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of PLD with metronomic oral cyclophospha...

11572 Background: ¹⁸ F-Fluoroestradiol (FES) is an estrogen analogue that has been shown to be a promising biomarker in ER imaging of breast cancer. FES uptake correlates to ER expression, provides qualitative and quantitative assessment of multiple tumor sites simultaneously, and can predict response to endocrine therapies. Tumor heterogeneity is...

TPS9105 Background: While inhibition of the PD1 axis is associated with improved response rates vs cytotoxic therapy in pts with previously treated NSCLC, the majority of pts will not benefit from objective response. Anti-PD1 and PD-L1 antibodies block distinct inhibitory pathways, possibly resulting in different clinical outcomes. While anti-PD1 a...

11584 Background: The treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been revolutionized by the development of targeted therapy for distinct molecular subsets. Activation of the β-catenin pathway is essential for colorectal carcinoma tumorigenesis and has been implicated in hepatocellular, thyroid and ovarian cancer. The β-catenin pathway is i...

We investigated automated quantitative measures of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) derived from an early versus delayed post-contrast sequence in breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for association with breast cancer presence in a case-control study. DCE-MRIs were retrospectively analyzed for 51 cancer cas...

Background: Metabolic activity in lesions, measured by FDG-PET, is often used for assessing tumor aggressiveness and response to therapy. Patients may be scanned on different machines, so quantitative measurements should be reproducible. Reducing SUV variability in PET machines throughout a local network can aid in monitoring patient response to th...

Background: Chemotherapy remains the mainstay of therapy for patients with metastatic triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). We hypothesized that the addition of biologic agents targeting key pathways (bevacizumab targeting angiogenesis and erlotinib directed against EGFR) may prolong progression free survival (PFS) and offer a novel treatment strat...

Approximately 25% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients have KRAS mutations and no effective therapeutic strategy exists for these patients. The use of Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitors in KRAS mutant NSCLC appeared to be a promising approach since these inhibitors target many KRAS downstream effectors, however, limited clinical eff...

Patient accrual is essential for the success of oncology clinical trials. Recruitment for trials involving the development of quantitative imaging biomarkers may face different challenges than treatment trials. This study surveyed investigators and study personnel for evaluating accrual performance and perceived barriers to accrual and for soliciti...

Prior reports have suggested that delayed 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) oncology imaging can improve the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for known lesions. Our goal was to estimaterealistic bounds for lesion detectability for static measurements within 1 to 4 hours between FDG injectionand image acquisition. Tumor and...

Background We investigated dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) contrast enhancement kinetic variables quantified from normal breast parenchyma for association with presence of breast cancer, in a case-control study. Methods Under a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliant and Institutional Review Boa...

Significance Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog ( KRAS ) mutant lung adenocarcinoma remains an intractable lung cancer subtype for which efficacious targeted therapies do not exist. This study identified a subpopulation of KRAS mutant lung adenocarcinoma with reduced insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) content and showed that this group is...

Obesity has been shown to increase breast cancer risk by causing inflammation through altered estrogen signaling. Whether obesity plays a similar role in lung carcinogenesis is currently not known. However, the role of estrogen signaling in the development and progression of lung cancer is well-established and the inflammation-estrogen signaling ax...

Purpose: 18F-fluoroestradiol (FES) positron emission tomography (PET) scans measure regional estrogen binding, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET measures tumor glycolytic activity. We examined quantitative and qualitative imaging biomarkers of progression-free survival in breast cancer patients receiving endocrine therapy. Experimental design:...

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the USA and worldwide, and of the estimated 1.2 million new cases of lung cancer diagnosed every year, over 30% are lung adenocarcinomas. The backbone of 1st-line systemic therapy in the metastatic setting, in the absence of an actionable oncogenic driver, is platinum-based chemotherap...

Background: Patients with invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) would be expected to have favorable outcomes compared to patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) given that ILC is more often hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, of lower grade, and displays decreased proliferation markers. Based...

Objective: To determine whether a semiautomated voxel selection technique improves interreader reproducibility for breast apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements. Methods: Three readers retrospectively performed ADC measurements of 31 breast lesions (16 malignant, 15 benign) and contralateral normal tissue in 26 women both unassisted (man...

Purpose: Cisplatin is synergistic with vinorelbine and the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor veliparib, and has anti-neoplastic activity in TNBC and BRCA mutation-associated breast cancer. This phase I study assessed veliparib with cisplatin and vinorelbine. Experimental design: A 3+3 dose escalation design evaluated veliparib adminis...

Purpose: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is highly up-regulated in prostate tumor cells, providing an ideal target for imaging applications of prostate cancer. CTT-1297 (IC50 = 27 nM) is an irreversible phosphoramidate inhibitor of PSMA that has been conjugated to the CB-TE1K1P chelator for incorporation of Cu-64. The resulting positron...

Contrast-enhanced MRI lymphography shows potential to identify alterations in lymph drainage through lymph nodes (LNs) in cancer and other diseases. MRI studies have typically used low molecular weight gadolinium contrast agents, however larger gadolinium-loaded nanoparticles possess characteristics that could improve the specificity and sensitivit...

Purpose: Given the clinical relevance of ESR1 mutations as potential drivers of resistance to endocrine therapy, this study used sensitive detection methods to determine the frequency of ESR1 mutations in primary and metastatic breast cancer, and in cell free DNA (cfDNA). Patients and methods: Six ESR1 mutations (K303R, S463P, Y537C, Y537N, Y537...

Methods: Tumor kinetic parameters were estimated from dynamic (18)F-FDG PET scans of breast cancer patients and used to simulate time-activity curves (TACs) for 45-120 minutes post-injection. Five-minute uptake time frames followed four scenarios: (#1) standardized static measurement time (60-65 minutes for all), (#2) uptake times sampled from an...

Introduction: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have consistently identified specific lung cancer susceptibility regions.We evaluated the lung cancer predictive performance ofsingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) inthese regions. Methods: Lung cancer cases (N=778) andcontrols (N=1166) were genotyped for 77SNPslocated in GWAS-identified lun...

Background and purpose: Immune response to cancer therapy may result in pseudoprogression, which can only be identified retrospectively and may disrupt an effective therapy. This study assesses whether serial parametric response mapping (a voxel-by-voxel method of image analysis also known as functional diffusion mapping) analysis of ADC measureme...

Prior reports have suggested that delayed FDG-PET oncology imaging can improve the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for known lesions. Our goal was to estimate realistic bounds for lesion detectability for static measurements with one to four hours between FDG injection and image acquisition. Tumor and normal tissue kinetic model parameters were estim...

Purpose Fibroglandular tissue (FGT) and background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) estimated from breast dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) have been correlated with breast cancer risk. We performed a preliminary study assessing in a small cohort of breast cancer patients the relationship between FGT and BPE both quantified from cancer-unaffecte...

Purpose Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) estimated from breast dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) has been correlated with breast cancer risk. Multiple time-point post-contrast-subtracted sequences are acquired in typical clinical breast DCE-MRI protocols. We quantitatively assessed BPE using fully automated computer algorithms and inv...

Introduction Breast cancer is a common, treatable malignancy, with frequent metastasis to bone. Patients with bone-dominant disease are often excluded from clinical trials due to a lack of RECIST "measurable" disease. FDG-PET can help quantitatively measure multiple tumor sites, and assay disease activity in bone. However, the reproducibility of FD...

PURPOSE: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) carries the worst prognosis in pediatric neurooncology, with no improvement in outcomes for decades. The goal of this study was to examine myo-inositol (mI)/choline and other metabolites (measured by serial MRS) as predictors of overall survival in (1) a DIPG cohort treated with standard radiochemoth...

Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recommended as an adjunct to mammography for women who are considered at elevated risk of developing breast cancer. As a key component of breast MRI, dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) uses a contrast agent to provide high intensity contrast between breast tissues, making it sensitive to tissue compos...

Optimizing androgen suppression may provide better control of localized prostate cancer (PCa). Numerous trials have supported the benefit of combining androgen deprivation therapy with definitive radiation therapy in men with locally advanced or high-grade disease. Addition of abiraterone to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist (LHRHa) wit...

BACKGROUND The advent of effective targeted therapy for BRAFV600E-mutant lung adenocarcinomas necessitates further exploration of the unique clinical features and behavior of advanced-stage BRAF-mutant lung adenocarcinomas.METHODS Data were reviewed for patients with advanced lung adenocarcinomas enrolled in the Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium whos...

A hormonal role in the pathology of lung cancer is well documented. We have shown that the aromatase inhibitor anastrozole and the anti-estrogen fulvestrant effectively inhibited tobacco carcinogen-induced lung tumorigenesis in a female mouse model of lung cancer prevention. Additionally, we have shown that inflammatory cells that infiltrate the lu...

To investigate the usefulness of various scales for evaluating joint and fascia manifestations in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, and to compare the scales in terms of simplicity of use and ability to yield reliable and clinically meaningful results. In a prospective, multi...

Background: In estrogen receptor positive (ER+) tumors, a low proliferative index (Ki-67) two weeks into endocrine therapy predicts response. FLT PET non-invasively measures tumor proliferation in vivo. The pre-operative window is an opportunity to assess impact of systemic therapies. We tested associations between FLT PET qualitative and quantitat...

Background: Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have shown pre-clinical promise in estrogen receptor(ER)-modulation and restoring sensitivity to endocrine manipulation, suggesting potential clinical benefit (Sabnis 2011) (Huang 2000) in ER+ breast cancer. Vorinostat is an FDA-approved HDACi for CTCL, and could have a beneficial role in restoring...

Technological developments and greater rigor in the quantitative measurement of biological features in medical images have given rise to an increased interest in using quantitative imaging biomarkers to measure changes in these features. Critical to the performance of a quantitative imaging biomarker in preclinical or clinical settings are three pr...

The 2005 NIH Consensus Conference recommended assessment of lung function in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) by both pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and assessment of pulmonary symptoms. We tested whether pulmonary measures were associated with non-relapse mortality (NRM), overall survival (OS) and patient reported outcomes (...

16α-[(18)F]-fluoro-17β-estradiol positron emission tomography (FES-PET) quantifies estrogen receptor (ER) expression in tumors and may provide diagnostic benefit. Women with newly diagnosed metastatic breast cancer (MBC) from an ER-positive primary tumor were imaged before starting endocrine therapy. FES uptake was evaluated qualitatively and quant...

Clinical validation of a predictive biomarker is especially difficult when the biomarker cannot be assessed retrospectively. A cost-effective, prospective multicenter replication study with rapid accrual is warranted prior to further validation studies such as a marker-based strategy for treatment selection. However, it is often unknown how measure...

TMPRSS2/ERG rearrangement, PTEN gene deletion, and androgen receptor (AR) gene amplification have been observed in various stages of human prostate cancer. We hypothesized that using these markers as a combined panel would allow better differentiation between low-risk and high-risk prostate cancer. We analyzed 110 primary prostate cancer samples, 7...

Background: Cisplatin-radiotherapy is a preferred standard for locally advanced, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the cisplatin-attributable survival benefit is small and toxicity substantial. A biomarker of cisplatin resistance could guide treatment selection and spare morbidity. The ERCC1-XPF nuclease is critical to DNA rep...

1089 Background: Biomarkers to guide the use of antiangiogenic therapy are lacking. Circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and their progenitor cells (CEPs) are increased in cancer patients. VCAM is an endothelial protein increased in response to VEGF stimulation, while CAIX is elevated in states of hypoxia; both correlate with tumor aggressiveness....

1090 Background: Sunitinib (S) is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor with anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic activity. The primary objective of this trial was to assess the pathologic complete response rate (pCR) in patients (pts) treated with NC consisting of S with weekly paclitaxel (T) followed by doxorubicin and daily oral cyclophosphamide plus G-CS...

PURPOSEThe combination of cisplatin and radiotherapy is a standard treatment for patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Cetuximab-radiotherapy is superior to radiotherapy alone in this population, validating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a target. Erlotinib is a small-molecule inhibitor of...

While data support adverse prognosis of overlap subtype of chronic GVHD, the importance of site of gastrointestinal (GI) and type of hepatic involvement is not known. Using data from the Chronic GVHD Consortium observational cohort study (n=567, total of 2115 visits), we examined whether the site of GI (esophageal, upper GI, lower GI) and type of h...

Oral chronic GVHD (cGVHD) is a serious complication of alloSCT. Scales and instruments to measure oral cGVHD activity and severity have not been prospectively validated. The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of oral cGVHD and determine the measures most sensitive to change. Patients enrolled in the cGVHD Consortium with or...

s: Thirty-Fifth Annual CTRC‐AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium‐‐ Dec 4‐8, 2012; San Antonio, TX Background: Some estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) metastatic breast cancers are bone and soft tissue dominant, indolent, and controlled by endocrine therapy. However, these tumors eventually become refractory to endocrine therapy and need a mechan...

PURPOSE Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with MRI shows promise for detecting and characterizing breast cancers. Due to higher cellularity, malignancies typically appear hyperintense on DWI and hypointense on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. Further information about DWI at 3T is warranted, particularly given interest in DWI for non-contr...

PURPOSE Early assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is imperative for timely optimization of therapy protocols and to spare nonresponders unnecessary toxicities. We investigated the utility of quantitative diffusion weighted (DW) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI featu...

PURPOSE Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a variably aggressive malignancy that has increased in incidence with improved imaging techniques. Individualized risk-based treatment strategies remain few due to insufficient risk stratification parameters, raising concerns of overtreatment. The pathologic Van Nuys (VN) classification is known to correla...

Clinical imaging in positron emission tomography (PET) is often performed using single-time-point estimates of tracer uptake or static imaging that provides a spatial map of regional tracer concentration. However, dynamic tracer imaging can provide considerably more information about in vivo biology by delineating both the temporal and spatial patt...

1940 Background Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a significant source of morbidity, mortality, impaired patient-reported quality of life (QOL), greater symptom burden, and prolonged duration of immune suppressive therapy following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). While available data support the adverse prognosis of...

464 Background Assessing joint chronic GVHD needs to be accomplished reliably, simply and in a clinically meaningful way. To determine the optimal tool for assessing joint GVHD, we evaluated 2 NIH recommended joint tools (Table), a photographic range of motion (P-ROM) scale, and 7 other NIH recommended tools (Lee symptom scale, 10-point overall sy...