Bram Lancee

Bram Lancee
University of Amsterdam | UVA · Department of Sociology

Dr.

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67
Publications
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2,992
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Publications

Publications (67)
Article
While previous research has consistently found evidence for ethnic discrimination after resume screening, the majority of those studies focused on outcomes of evaluating job applications. Therefore, we know little about what happens during resume screening. In the present study ( N = 402), we tested whether impressions of majority and minority appl...
Article
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We present the first large-scale comparative field experiment on appearance-based racial discrimination in hiring conducted in Europe. Using a harmonized methodology, we sent fictitious résumés to real vacancies in Germany, the Netherlands and Spain, randomly varying applicants’ ethnic ancestry (signaled foremost by name) and applicants’ racial app...
Article
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We examine the extent to which income inequality is associated with materialistic values and behavior in Europe and the United States (US). In the US, existing research on materialistic behavior is largely focused on the study of shopping behavior and shows that, when income inequality is higher, individuals search for and buy products that are mor...
Article
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Gender discrimination is often regarded as an important driver of women’s disadvantage in the labour market, yet earlier studies show mixed results. However, because different studies employ different research designs, the estimates of discrimination cannot be compared across countries. By utilizing data from the first harmonized comparative field...
Article
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Many scholars and pundits have argued that there is a growing urban-rural divide in political attitudes in the US and Europe. However, it is an empirical question whether and how differences in political attitudes between urban and rural areas have changed over time. In this study, we investigate the urban-rural divergence in cosmopolitan-nationali...
Article
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Research consistently shows that individuals with higher levels of education express lower levels of Euroskepticism. This relationship has been explained by values and skills acquired in education and by higher labor‐market competitiveness. While these explanations assume a causal impact of education, previous research uses cross‐sectional data. Th...
Article
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While statistical discrimination theory is often proposed as an important explanation for ethnic discrimination in hiring, research that empirically scrutinizes its underlying assumptions is scant. To test these assumptions, we combine data from a cross-national field experiment with secondary data indicative of the average labor productivity of et...
Article
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In this study, we present the results of a large-scale field experiment on ethnic discrimination in the Dutch labor market. We sent fictitious job applications ( N = 4211) to vacancies for jobs in ten different occupations in the Netherlands. By examining 35 different ethnic minority groups, we detect considerable differences in discrimination rate...
Article
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OPEN ACCES This article analyses old-age discrimination in managers’ hypothetical hiring decisions. We expect that older job candidates are less likely to be hired than equally qualified younger candidates. Statistical discrimination theory argues that when recruiters have more information about the candidate’s skills, age is less important for hir...
Article
While the field of (experimental) discrimination research is rapidly expanding and technology decreases the costs of designing and conducting field experiments, virtually all existing studies refer to a single country. Yet, cross-national comparison is a cornerstone of stratification and inequality research and comparative designs are necessary to...
Article
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We use data from a cross-nationally harmonised field experiment to examine discrimination towards Muslim job applicants in five European countries (Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain and the United Kingdom). We focus on job applicants originating from countries that have a substantial Muslim population: of these, some signalled closeness to Is...
Article
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Previous studies have found that the labour market outcomes of Turkish minorities are slightly better in Germany than in the Netherlands. In this paper we test one of the explanations: differences in ethnic discrimination in hiring. We use a harmonised field experiment to test whether discrimination against job candidates of Turkish origin (age 23–...
Article
Existing field experimental research unequivocally shows the existence of ethnic discrimination in the labour market. Furthermore, studies have documented considerable variation in discrimination rates across countries. However, while the field of discrimination research is rapidly expanding, there are at present no harmonised comparative studies....
Article
Ethnic discrimination in the Dutch labour market: Differences between ethnic minority groups and the role of personal information about job applicants In this study, we present the results of a large-scale field experiment on ethnic discrimination in the Dutch job market. We sent fictitious job applications (N = 4,211) to vacancies for jobs in ten...
Article
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To cope with an increased proportion of older workers, organisations develop old-age adaptation policies. Two strategies underlie these policies: phasing out and activating. Although the existence of these strategies is widely recognised, the reasons for their presence have rarely been explored. We identify three arguments that explain the extent t...
Article
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In this article, we explore how neighborhood composition and individual choice relate to the network composition of different social groups. We predict that groups that engage more with the neighborhood and those who control more resources have networks that are more homogenous than expected given the neighborhood composition. We also explore how 2...
Technical Report
Full-text available
This technical report describes the design of the GEMM study, a cross-national harmonized field experiment on ethnic labour market discrimination: Please cite as: Lancee, B., Birkelund, G., Coenders, M., Di Stasio, V., Fernández Reino, M., Heath, A., Koopmans, R., Larsen, E., Polavieja, J., Ramos, M., Thijssen, L., Veit, S., Yemane, R., & Zwier,...
Article
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The Growth, Equal Opportunities, Migration & Markets (GEMM) project is a large-scale project investigating causes and consequences of inequality on the labor market. To do so, a large-scale comparative field experiment on discrimination in hiring behaviour was conducted in five countries: The United Kingdom (UK), Spain (ES), Germany (DE), Norway (N...
Article
Full-text available
The Growth, Equal Opportunities, Migration & Markets (GEMM) project is a large-scale project investigating causes and consequences of inequality on the labor market. To do so, a large-scale comparative field experiment on discrimination in hiring behavior was conducted in five countries: The United Kingdom, Spain, Germany, Norway and the Netherland...
Article
Full-text available
While previous research has shown that personality shapes social networks, we know very little about the relationship between these important psychological characteristics and the creation of social capital. In this article, we argue that personality shapes individuals’ ability to create social capital, and we predict positive associations between...
Data
Supplementary_Materials_August_21st – Supplemental material for Personality and Social Capital
Chapter
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Since just over half of the Swiss voters decided not to join the European Economic Area in 1992, public opinion on the European Union (EU) has consistently become more critical in Switzerland. While macro factors such as the 2008 economic crisis undoubtedly played a role, examining changes within individuals sheds light on why Swiss citizens change...
Article
This article uses pupil's month of birth as a natural experiment to study how immigrant-native inequalities in retention rates are produced. We argue that, compared to native-born parents, immigrant parents face additional disadvantage when dealing with the age disadvantage of their children. We test this hypothesis using a regression discontinuity...
Article
A n important explanation for immigrants' wage disadvantage is that human capital acquired in the country of origin is not fully transferable to the country of destination. Credentialing theories, on the other hand, argue that being educated abroad results in lower wages because foreign degrees are weaker signals to employers and might impede forma...
Article
Previous research unequivocally shows that immigrants are less successful in the labour market than the native-born population. However, little is known about whether ethnic inequality persists after retirement. We use data on 16 Western European countries from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC, 2004–2013) to pr...
Article
This study examined interethnic prejudice among 4,238 secondary school pupils in the Netherlands. It builds upon previous research in two ways. First, it advances our understanding of the interplay between positive and negative intergroup contact experiences by testing whether positive intergroup contact serves as a buffer for the prejudice-enhanci...
Preprint
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Studies on ethnic diversity and social cohesion are predominantly cross-sectional. Relying on longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel and applying a differences-in-differences design, this paper investigates how the event of moving to a more or less diverse neighbourhood affects people’s opinions about immigration up. This longitudin...
Article
Unemployment rates among immigrant youth are much higher than among the native-born population. Furthermore, youth unemployment rates vary considerably across countries. Yet there is little research that explains cross-national differences in immigrant’s relative unemployment risk. This article seeks to explain cross-national variation in ethnic pe...
Article
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While previous studies unequivocally show that education and attitudes towards immigrants correlate, the underlying mechanisms remain debated. The liberalization effect claims that education fosters egalitarian values and analytic skills, which translate into positive attitudes. Additionally, the higher educated are less likely to face economic com...
Article
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This paper analyses how finding a new job affects the earnings of immigrants. I hypothesize that job changes are more successful for individuals who have access to bridging social capital. Using data from the German Socio-economic Panel (1996-2011), fixed-effects models show that finding a new job results in higher earnings only when immigrants hav...
Article
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This paper examines how volunteering varies over the life course. Based on three theoretical explanations (resources, interests, and role substitution), we analyze how changing family characteristics, employment status, and educational attainment affects individual volunteering behavior. Drawing on longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic P...
Article
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This paper analyses differences in rural and urban origin in visits from natives and the occurrence of interethnic marriages of Turkish immigrants in six European countries. We argue that values and human capital explain the relationship between rural-urban origin and contact with natives. The value-based hypothesis stipulates that differences in c...
Conference Paper
Migrants are less successful in the labor market than natives, relative disadvantages that are often referred to as “ethnic penalties.” Previous research estimated these penalties using education as a proxy for skills. However, highly educated individuals are not only rewarded by employers for their skill levels, but also for the signaling value of...
Article
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This article examines educational stratification in highbrow cultural participation. There are two contrasting explanations of why cultural participation is stratified. The status hypothesis predicts that people come to appreciate particular forms of art because it expresses their belonging to a certain social group. The cognitive hypothesis stipul...
Article
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While there are many studies that examine the consequences of increasing income inequality, its effects on gambling behavior have not yet been studied. In this article, we argue that income inequality increases the average expenditure on gambling. Using longitudinal state-level data for the United States (1980–1997), we estimate fixed-effects model...
Article
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This article analyzes the relationship between income inequality and access to housing for low-income homeowners and renters ‘at market rent’ across Europe. We develop three arguments that explain how inequality affects housing affordability, quality, and quantity—together these dimensions indicate ‘access to housing’. First, it is the absolute lev...
Article
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Research on radical right politics shows that the immigration issue can reshape electoral alignments and patterns of political competition in favor of anti-immigrant parties. However, we know surprisingly little about the capacity of the immigration issue to generate electoral change in systems where radical parties are absent. On the basis of issu...
Article
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The mobilization of culturally rooted issues has altered political competition throughout Western Europe. This article analyzes to what extent the mobilization of immigration issues has affected how people identify with politics. Specifically, it analyzes whether voters’ left/right self-identifications over the past 30 years increasingly correspond...
Article
One of the most established approaches to explain attitudes toward immigration is group conflict theory. However, even though the theory was articulated in dynamic terms, previous research has almost exclusively tested it through cross-sectional analyses. The aim of this study is to disentangle the dynamic character of ethnic competition from more...
Chapter
Full-text available
Social capital implies that people well equipped with social resources – in the sense of their network and the resources of others they can call upon – are more likely to succeed in attaining their goals (Flap & Völker 2004: 6). Although there is no commonly accepted definition, social capital is often described as the “investment and use of embedd...
Article
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Previous research suggests that when there is a high level of inequality, there is a low rate of participation. Two arguments are generally offered: First, inequality depresses participation because people from different status groups have fewer opportunities to share common goals. Second, people may participate more in civic and social life when t...
Article
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Although there are numerous studies on the role of social connections in early working life, research that examines how social connectedness matters in the later stages of a career is scarce. The present study analyzes to what extent social connectedness affects the timing of the transition from work to retirement. We draw on data from the German S...
Article
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Using longitudinal data, this paper analyses the effect of different forms of social capital on the likelihood of employment and the occupational status of first generation immigrant men in Germany. This allows me to examine to what extent social capital of the bonding and the bridging types yield different returns. The study considers how contacts...
Article
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In this paper, we analyse whether having inter-ethnic and intra-ethnic friendships can be associated with a shorter duration of unemployment, comparing Turkish migrants and native residents in Germany. This allows us to examine the degree to which the returns from bridging and bonding social capital differ for the two groups. On the basis of the Ge...
Book
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De auteur analyseert de invloed van de verschillende vormen van soorten sociaal kapitaal op de arbeidsmarktintegratie van immigranten in Duitsland en Nederland. Centraal staat de vraag: hoe kunnen migranten profiteren van sociale verhoudingen tussen de autochtone bevolking en de eigen etnische groep? Het boek levert een cruciale bijdrage aan Migrat...
Article
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Several studies conclude that ethnic diversity tends to reduce social capital. There may, however, be other forms of diversity that also affect social capital, and their inclusion might make the negative effect of ethnic diversity spurious. Besides ethnic diversity, we identify economic and religious diversity, as well as language proficiency in th...
Article
Many studies on the consequences of income inequality find that where inequality is high, trust is low. There are, however, reasons to examine the relation between inequality and trust more closely. First, previous research does not differentiate between the effect of income inequality and that of national wealth. Furthermore, the underlying mechan...
Article
This paper aims at explaining to what extent social capital can help immigrants in the Netherlands make headway on the labor market. Two forms of social capital are identified. Bonding refers to a dense network with thick trust and is measured as the strength of family ties and trust in the family. Bridging implies a crosscutting network with thin...
Article
In this study, we examined civic participation as an effect modifier between self-rated health and absence from work. Building on the theoretical framework of social exchange, we use German data to test a conceptual model relating self-rated health to sickness-related absence, as well as the interaction between self-rated health and civic participa...
Article
Early school leavers (ESLrs) perform worse on the labour market than those who have completed at least upper secondary education. It is unclear to what extent this shortcoming can be overcome by resources other than educational credentials. We argue that the disadvantage of early school leavers on the German labour market can be compensated by indi...
Article
Full-text available
One of the most established approaches to explain attitudes towards immigration is group conflict theory. However, even though the theory was originally articulated in dynamic terms, previous research has almost exclusively tested it through cross-sectional analyses. Our aim in this paper is to disentangle the dynamic and context-dependent characte...
Article
Full-text available
The economic integration of immigrants in a host society is a major challenge for societies. One of the approaches to explain economic success is by the use of social networks. Social capital is particularly important for immigrants, since they are not familiar with the labour market in the host society. Two forms of social capital are identified;...
Article
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Putnam (2007) claims that in the short run ethnic diversity tends to reduce solidarity and social capital: in ethnically diverse neighborhoods, residents of all ethnicities tend to 'hunker down'. Trust (even in one's own ethnic group) is lower, altruism and community cooperation is more rare, friends fewer. This study replicates Putnam's analysis f...
Article
Early school leavers perform worse on the labour market than those that have completed their education. It is unclear to what extent this shortcoming can be compensated by resources other than educational credentials. We investigate whether social capital (information and support networks) can help explain the labour market outcomes of dropouts in...
Article
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De repliek van Merove Gijsberts, Tom van der Meer en Jaco Dagevos op ons artikel 'Etnische diversiteit, sociaal vertrouwen in de buurt en contact van allochtonen en autochtonen met de buren' is interessant, omdat etnische diversiteit van buurten een onderwerp van betekenis is en zij belangrijke kritiekpunten aansnijden. Wij hopen in deze bijdrage t...

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