Boris Najman

Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne - Université Paris 12 | UPEC · Equipe de Recherche sur l'Utilisation des Données Individuelles en lien avec la Théorie Économique (ERUDITE) - EA 437

We would like to thank the ERF and the refereeing committee members for the provided fund and follow-ups. We would also like to thank the members of DICE empirical group seminar for their helpful comments. Abstract This paper investigates the role of informal firms' competition in determining the micro-level effect of cronyism on formal-firms' prod...

This paper investigates the relationship between the labour share and financial crises. While Diwan (2001) or Maarek et al. (2013) focused on the currency crisis, we propose to see if their analyses can be extended to the banking crisis and how it can influence the relative bargaining power of labour and capital within firms. To this end, we use in...

Despite the recognised contribution of competition to spurring productivity growth, competition stemming from informal firms has always been considered as a threat to formal firms. This paper investigates the significance of this default hypothesis. Using the World Bank’s Enterprise Surveys, we update the two-step methodology of Guiso et al. (2004)...

We analyze the determinants of financial constraints in 18 transition countries in Europe on a dataset from enterprise level survey provided by EBRD in four turns from 2002 to 2008. All these countries had in common the fact that prior to the crisis they had based their growth model on financial integration (EBRD, 2009). Examining in depth the fina...

In the context of war in Ukraine at the borders of the EU, and large scale crime against humanity in Syria, Europe is experiencing strong anti-EU political shift. Since 2010, In Visegrad countries (V4, Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia) the Euroscepticism/Europhobic political parties are among the strongest in the EU. In this paper we wa...

This paper investigates the effect of the competition stemmed from informal firms on formal firms’ productivity in Egypt. Using the World Bank’s Enterprise Surveys, we update the two-step methodology of Guiso et al. (2004) to build a regional indicator of informal competition intensity. Our estimation reports a positive effect of this indicator on...

Despite the recognised contribution of competition to spurring productivity growth, competition stemming from informal firms has always been considered as a threat to formal firms. This paper investigates the significance of this default hypothesis. Using the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys, we update the two-step methodology of Guiso et al. (2004)...

This article uses the 2001 Cameroon National Household Survey (ECAM II) to analyse how road access affects labour activities. It shows that one-size-fits-all road investments are irrelevant because the effects of roads are neither systematic nor uniform: the impacts of isolation on household well-being through labour-market opportunities are hetero...

In this paper we provide original ndings on the impact of local-nancial development (LFD) on manufacturing rms' energy intensity in European and Central Asian (ECA) post communist countries. We implement the two-step method of Guiso et al. (2004) in order to build a lagged measure of nancial development at the local level. The paper is the rst to u...

This paper focuses on emerging labour patterns within the Socio-Ecological Transition (SET), with particular attention paid to the effects of urbanization. Based on the European Labour Force Survey (ELFS), we mobilize micro-econometric approaches in order to understand three major employment patterns: job mobility (between unemployment, inactivity,...

The paper describes the main determinants of electricity intensity in twenty-nine transition economies. We provide an original analysis on the way the local power sector unreliability may affect the firm-level electricity intensity. The paper explains the different firm’s behaviour, within EU and outside EU, in front of outages and/or local supply...

Many investments in infrastructure are built on the belief that they will ineluctably lead to poverty reduction and income generation. This has entailed massive aid-financed projects in roads in developing countries. However, the lack of robust evaluations and a comprehensive theoretical framework could raise questions about current strategies in S...

Many investments in infrastructure are built on the belief that they will ineluctably lead to poverty reduction and income generation. This has entailed massive aid-financed projects in roads in developing countries. However, the lack of robust evaluations and a comprehensive theoretical framework could raise questions about current strategies in S...

The report analyses the macroeconomic aspects of energy sector development in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries. It also briefly covers selected aspects of EU-CIS energy relations, looking at the potential of the CIS region as a source of energy supplies for the EU and at energy policy options in the CIS.

In the context of rapid credit growth, the present paper investigates the supply side of the Serbian credit market. We use an on-site survey of banks aiming to describe financial intermediation by scanning the interest rates and other lending terms in Serbia. Findings from the survey suggest that the credit market is largely non-homogeneous and seg...

The recent independence of Kosovo is closing a cycle of institutional instability initiated in 1989. In this paper we try to present the argument of the institutional crisis in Serbia and we answer to the ethnic approach by focussing our analyse on political issues.

The energy exporting countries of the Caspian Basin were among those countries which suffered the most severe fall in output during the transition from central planning. At the same time they tended to rank well below average in the degree to which they pursued economic reform, as measured, for example by the EBRD transition indicators. Since the l...

In this paper we expose the main problems of the reform process in Ukraine between 1994 and 1997.

Using a panel data set we investigate the specificities of the structure of monetary assets in transition economies. This analysis reveals the main factors standing behind the structure of deposits held with banks (demand or time deposits), as well as the determinants of the trade-off between cash and demand deposits in Central and Eastern European...

Stéphanie Mahieu est anthropologue et enseigne à l'Institut d'études politiques (Paris). Boris Najman est économiste et enseigne aux Universités Paris I et Paris XII. Europe Du KoSovo au KoSovo : guerre CoNtre leS CivilS Slobodan Milosevic, banquier de formation et homme d'appareil du PC yougoslave, a été porté au pou-voir en 1987 par un mouvement...

Kazakhstan’s economy has been driven by an oilboom since the discovery of large new oilfields coincided with the upturn of world oil prices after 1998. This paper uses national household expenditure survey data to examine whether Kazakhstan’s experience supports a curse or a blessing outcome. We assess the extent to which the benefits from the oilb...

Using a panel dataset containing information on cash-deposit ratio in the transition economies, we establish the leading mechanisms of the trade off between cash and deposits in Central and Eastern European Countries. An advanced stage of economic transition, reflected by a high economic growth rate, a high monetization and a small inflation are so...

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In most developing countries, income inequality tends to worsen during initial stages of growth, especially in urban areas. The People’s Republic of China (PRC) provides a sharp contrast where income inequality among urban households is lower than that among rural households. In terms of inclusive growth, the existence of income mobility over a lon...

This paper contributes to the understanding of poverty determinants in Russia. We analysed two methods of poverty measurement: the monetary one in absolute terms and the self-rated subjective measure. We compare these two approaches in order to understand the main differences between being poor and feeling poor. A particular attention was paid to v...

The paper focuses on the labor "hoarding" problem in Russian. We studied two forms of "hoarding": unpaid leaves and short-time work. Our research is based on the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) database. The paper exploits individual panel data between 1994 and 1996. We show that unpaid leaves and short-time work do not represent a fo...

EXTERNAL MOBILITY ON THE RUSSIAN LABOUR MARKET, 1994-1998. AN INTER-SECTOR POINT OF VIEW This paper emphasises an explanation to the paradoxically low unemployment rate in Russia compared with output fall. The RLMS micro economic data and the definition of an original taxonomy of activities reveal a high external mobility on the labour market. The...

[fre] Le texte aborde le problème des sureffectifs dans les entreprises russes, à partir de la base de données RLMS. Il s'attache à décrire deux formes particulières du phénomène : les congés administratifs (congés imposés par l'employeur, non rémunérés ou partiellement rémunérés) et le travail à temps partiel. Les firmes ont recours aux congés adm...

“LABOUR HOARDING” IN RUSSIA: AN INTERPRETATION IN TERMS OF SKILLS This paper studies the problem of labour hoarding in Russia, using the RLMS database. We analyse two particular forms of this phenomenon: administrative (compulsory, non paid or partially paid) leaves and short-time work. We show that these forms are related to different types of wor...

Cet article propose de donner une explication au paradoxe du faible taux de chômage russe. Les données microéconomiques du RLMS et la définition d'une taxinomie originale des activités permettent en effet de révéler la forte mobilité externe sur le marché du travail. La chute de l'emploi formel ressort comme la caractéristique principale de cette f...

Le texte aborde le probléme des sureffectifs dans les entreprises russes, à partir de la base de données RLMS. Il s'attache à décrire deux formes particuliéres du phénoméne : les congés administratifs (congés imposés par l'employeur, non rémunérés ou partiellement rémuné rés) et le travail à temps partiel. Les firmes ont recours aux congés administ...

The paper focuses on the labor "hoarding" problem in Russia. We studied two forms of "hoarding": unpaid leaves and short-time work. Our research based on the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) database. The paper exploits individual panel data between 1994 and 1996.

In this paper we focus our research on Russia and Ukraine, where the official GDP sharply drop between 1991 and 1999. We have there the following apparent paradox: a large GDP decrease (around 50%) and relative employment stability (-13 %). By presenting our estimations of informal (unofficial) GDP we discuss the extent and the nature of the fall i...

In this paper we present the macroeconomic model elaborated by the Modeling Group of the International Center for Policy Studies. This paper includes the theoretical background as well as a detailed explanation of the two parts of the model: forecasting of nominal GDP and inflation and forecasting of consolidated budget revenue.

This paper contributes to the understanding of poverty determi-nants in Russia. We analyzed two methods of poverty measurement: the monetary one in absolute terms and the self-rated subjective measure. We compare these two approaches in order to understand the main dif-ferences between being poor and feeling poor. A particular attention was paid to...