Blandine Laperche

University of the Littoral Opal Coast | ULCO · Département d'Economie-Gestion

La bioéconomie, dans son ambition de substitution du carbone fossile par du carbone renouvelable, est structurée par la création de filières biosourcées. Cependant, l'origine végétale d'une filière ne garantit pas sa durabilité. En considérant la filière comme méso-système, cet article explore la manière dont la durabilité, qu'elle soit considérée...

This chapter highlights the link between the circular economy and the innovation ecosystem in an industrial port territory. We assume that a circular project at the territorial level can lead to the emergence of an innovation ecosystem called “circular innovation ecosystem” which is characterized by its actors, relationships, and resources and resu...

Circular economy, industrial ecology, short supply chains: all themes that recur frequently in economic and political discourse, associated as they are with the idea of a necessary and imminent change in modes of production and consumption, to preserve resources and the planet on which we live. Yet, their meaning and the potential for technological...

Sign and Share this statement for peace https://chng.it/gpGXhQTh The notion of Responsibility is at the heart of many institutional and political discourses and research dealing with science and innovation. Responsibility means that actors in science and innovation, universities, research centers, schools, companies, must take into account in the...

1) Optimisation du procédé d'extraction d'indigo sur les feuilles. 2) Extraction de composés d'intérêt biologique dans les différentes parties de la plante par extraction classique en comparaison avec des méthodes axées sur la chimie verte : utilisation d'agrosolvant comme le cyrène 2. 3) Caractérisation des extraits par chromatographie et par RMN....

Since its discovery in the late 18th century and mass production in the early 20th century, titanium dioxide has been used in a wide range of applications like paints, cosmetics, energy storage, photocatalysis and food. The questioning of its use as a food additive (E171 in Europe) is mainly linked to the presence of nanoparticles whereas it should...

According to scientists, the bioeconomy represents a solution to climate change, natural resource scarcity and food security. At the socio-economic level, it allows to realize a green growth and a job creation (Pika et al, 2021). In this context, territorial bio-based industrial chains of production appear as a well-suited industrial organization t...

This chapter begins with a brief definition of knowledge capital, and examines it in relation to other concepts associated with the importance of tangible and intangible resources within companies, with the production and management of knowledge, and with the role of collaboration and openness. The study of companies' knowledge capital helps to und...

The trajectory is studied in the context of the evolution of the company. A reflection follows, both on the role of dynamic capabilities and knowledge capital in the formation of trajectories and on the consequences of their collective formation. Empirical work on technological paradigms and trajectories has focused on macro-/meso-scales, such as t...

The digital transition is infiltrating personal and professional daily life. New digital technologies are giving rise to new uses, innovative ways of communicating, working together and doing business. Dual innovation is generated by industrial research or experimental development work focused on military, and civil applications. The proximities in...

Innovation economics was born in the wake of the industrial economy, in the aftermath of World War II. This chapter attempts to define and develop the meaning of the word innovation, with a particular interest in the work of J.A. Schumpeter. Innovation was subject to prohibitions, and religious or political innovators faced charges, imprisonment or...

This chapter begins with the linear model of innovation, which uses a succession of basic and applied research and activities of technological development to explain the genesis of innovation. The organization of the multiple activities that form part of the innovation process was initially conceived in the form of a linear model where each phase o...

The Silver Economy can be considered to be a set of economic activities oriented towards: the spheres of production and distribution of goods and services corresponding to the needs of the elderly; and the preparation of a field of well-being for the youngest categories of individuals who will sooner or later enter the aging process. Demographic ch...

Cet article présente le contexte et les orientations du numéro spécial intitulé « La valorisation de la recherche dans les petites et moyennes universités » publié dans la revue Technologie et Innovation. Nous définissons d’abord cette troisième mission de valorisation de la recherche, qui s’ajoute aux missions traditionnelles d’enseignement et de...

Cet article analyse les conditions dans lesquelles la valorisation de la recherche peut être une opportunité pour les petites et moyennes universités. Nous présentons et discutons les indicateurs traditionnellement utilisés pour évaluer cette activité et montrons qu’ils correspondent à une approche exclusivement centrée sur la recherche, de surcroî...

This conceptual paper deals with the innovation capabilities of firms. To study these capabilities, we use the concept of knowledge capital (KC) that has been built through the evolution of the economic thinking in relation to three main concepts: knowledge, firm, and capital. We also compare the concept of KC with other currents concepts used to s...

Our purpose is to examine the link between circular economy (CE) and territorial development in the literature. Works on CE most often deal with its integration within firms’ strategies. The link between CE and the territorial development process (TDP) is more rarely studied. We define the TDP through the interaction between three key dimensions: c...

Selon l’approche évolutionniste, le progrès des techniques n’est pas un phénomène exogène, mais dépend d’un ensemble de conditions socio-économiques et institutionnelles. Dans le cadre des paradigmes technologiques, des trajectoires technologiques se dessinent, au sein desquelles les entreprises construisent leur sentier d’évolution. Dans ce texte,...

This article studies the current controversy about the food additive titanium dioxide (E171), marked by the French decision to temporarily suspend the placing on the market of foodstuffs containing it, beginning on January 1st 2020. It aims to understand the scientific and technological content of the controversy, which implies a better assessment...

Innovation has long been recognized as an instrument of competitiveness and growth and as an effective tool to stimulate change after the crises, both the macro- and micro-level. Innovation can be seen as an outcome (new products, processes or organizations), but also as a process that involves many activities linked together, namely basic research...

The changes that have affected academic institutions and scientific work in the past 20 years can be explained by the evolution of the firm’s organization and strategy. The current network firm represents the fourth stage in the organization of production, characterized by the importance of networks, linking salaried people from the firm and from m...

Purpose The expectations surrounding innovation as the principal mean by which firms gain a sustainable advantage while simultaneously alleviating social problems are tremendous. However, in the process of developing innovation, many small entrepreneurs, SMEs, as well as large firms struggle to access the necessary finances in order to further deve...

https://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index.asp?navig=catalogue&obj=livre&no=62879

Cet article introduit le numéro spécial de Technologie et Innovation sur les systèmes produit-service (SPS). Il revient sur l’origine du terme, présente son actualité par le biais de quelques éléments bibliométriques et introduit les principaux débats actuels. Les systèmes produit-service illustrent la tertiarisation des économies industrielles, et...

inforgraphie réalisée à partir de l'ouvrage B. Laperche (2018), Le capital savoir de l'entreprise, Iste, Londres

This chapter presents the concept of enterprise knowledge capital, which makes it possible to study how a company combines resources made of knowledge and information. It contributes to the identification of the actors, inside and outside the company, involved in the innovation process. The chapter provides a general definition of knowledge capital...

The objective of this paper is to study the supply side of the silver market, which is usually neglected by research on this topic. Adopting a systemic approach to innovation, our main goals are to identify the nature of the innovations developed, the way innovations are created, and the issues related to their emergence and diffusion. Our research...

La fraude scientifique correspond à des pratiques répréhensibles de membres de la communauté scientifique, comme la production ou la falsification de données et le plagiat. Elle est souvent traitée comme le résultat d’un problème éthique individuel de la part de chercheurs aux pratiques douteuses. Dans ce chapitre, sans minimiser ces formes individ...

La série Smart innovation présente les thèmes liés à la dynamique technologique, entrepreneuriale, territoriale et économique de l'innovation. Elle privilégie les approches novatrices des acteurs qui, par leurs comportements, stratégies et politiques d'innovation intelligente, modifient les modèles économiques dans une perspective de croissance dur...

Présentation de l’émission du 20 novembre : ”Dans une société industrialisée et développée comme la notre, l’économie peut-elle nous aider à penser le recyclage et la diminution de la production de déchet ? C’est vers cette piste que tend l’économie circulaire, piste que nous allons explorer aujourd’hui. ”

This chapter analyzes the building of firms' knowledge capital in its historical context, that of industrial capitalism. It begins with a history of the integration between science and technology, showing how companies, manufactures and large industry have gradually developed strategies for the appropriation of scientific and technical information...

This chapter investigates the meaning of words. The term innovation is plural and its sense has evolved over time. The chapter examines the current typologies, the modalities of organization of activities that intertwine to give rise to innovation and the indicators used for its measurement. In order to grasp the knowledge capital of an enterprise,...

Dans cet article, nous faisons l’hypothèse que l’écologie industrielle (EI) peut être un vecteur de développement ou de reconversion d’un territoire. Toutefois, la réussite des expériences d’écologie industrielle semble dépendre d’une gouvernance territoriale adaptée. La plupart les travaux insistent sur la mise en œuvre d’une gouvernance orientée...

This chapter presents some commonly-encountered obstacles and difficulties that may prevent some industrial ecology projects and short food supply chains from being successfully carried out. Companies must deal with complexity in terms of waste repurposing, materials degradation and the impurity of sub-products used in the recycling process. Implem...

The definition and implementation of circular economy, industrial ecology and short supply chains show a growing consciousness of the environmental impacts of economic activities; and are part of an approach aimed at developing a more sustainable model of economic development. The common point of these approaches is to be systemic and take into acc...

http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1848218796.html In contrast to the linear "take-make-dispose" model of resource consumption, a new industrial model is proposed in the form of a circular economy. This model aims to optimize the use of resources and to reduce or eliminate waste, and is based on re-use, repair, ecodesign, industrial...

In contrast to the linear “take-make-dispose” model of resource consumption, a new industrial model is proposed in the form of a circular economy. This model aims to optimize the use of resources and to reduce or eliminate waste, and is based on re-use, repair, ecodesign, industrial ecology, sustainable supply and responsible consumption. Industria...

S’opposant au schéma linéaire de consommation des ressources fondé sur le triptyque « extraire-fabriquer-jeter », l’économie circulaire propose un nouveau modèle industriel qui vise à optimiser l’utilisation des ressources et à éliminer ou réduire les déchets. Elle s’appuie sur le ré-emploi, la réparation, l’écoconception, l’écologie industrielle,...

La série Smart innovation présente les thèmes liés à la dynamique technologique, entrepreneuriale, territoriale et économique de l'innovation. Elle privilégie les approches novatrices des acteurs qui, par leurs comportements, stratégies et politiques d'innovation intelligente, modifient les modèles économiques dans une perspective de croissance dur...

Industrial ecology may generate agglomeration effects favorable to business development and territorial attractiveness. As such, it may be considered as a tool for sustainable territorial development. But it is necessary to reduce the (technical, economic, informational…) difficulties ensuing from the implementation of industrial symbiosis. We stud...

This article proposes an analysis of the theories of the firm through the question of its size and of tits boundaries : Why does the firm grow ? Why does it stop growing preferring a networked organization ? In the first part, we come back to the main arguments explaining the growth of the firms’ size, while in the second part we present those rela...

This paper focuses on the innovation activities of French SMEs. We put forward a “French paradox”, expressed by a quite important effort in terms of R&D investments and poor results in terms of innovation as measured by traditional indicators. To explain this paradox, we study their strategy of knowledge capital building and valorization. To do thi...

The aim of this conceptual paper is to study the origin of the entrepreneur's function. We examine the construction of the entrepreneur's ‘resource potential’ (the set of knowledge, relations and financial resources gathered together by the entrepreneur) and the role of the socio-economic background in this matter. The ‘organic square of entreprene...

L’innovation ou l’introduction de toutes sortes de nouveautés dans l’économie, devient un réel sujet d’étude dans la seconde partie du 20e siècle et, à partir des années 1970, s’immisce dans les cursus universitaires d’économie, de management, de sociologie, d’ingénierie, etc. L’innovation constitue l’intersection de trois thématiques clés : la cro...

Environmental constraints lead to important changes in the innovation strategies of manufacturing firms. In this paper, the development of Product-Service Systems (PSS) in 10 manufacturing firms that are part of the French CAC40 Index is studied. A special effort is made to investigate the reasons and the forms of PSS development, their impact on i...

This paper deals with the project of a merger between BAE systems and EADS, announced in September 2012 and finally cancelled one month later. It investigates the rationale of the merger project and the reasons that explain its collapse. Our first aim is to assess the importance - usually put forward in the literature - of the pre-merger phase in t...

Anti-counterfeiting strategies of luxury cosmetic enterprises: Accumulation versus valorisation of the knowledge-capital In the branch of luxury cosmetics, counterfeiting is harmful to firms, in terms of image and profitability. Fighting it is hence an important economic stake. In this paper, we study the efficiency of technological innovation as a...

To innovate, firms constitute a ‘knowledge-capital’, defined as a set of information and knowledge produced, acquired and used in the value creation process. In this paper, we focus on small and medium-sized companies (SMEs) and study their ability to develop their own knowledge-capital as well as their role in the formation of larger companies' on...

The purpose of this paper is to study the place of eco-innovation in industrial firms’ current strategy and to understand how they achieve this change in their technological trajectory. This is mainly based on the interviews conducted between 2009 and 2011 within eight corporations settled in France. The study revealed that in a context of crisis,...

According to J. Immelt (General Electric’s CEO), considering the new forms of competition and the existing opportunities in emerging countries, industrial corporations must develop reverse innovation (Immelt et al., 2009). Reverse Innovation consists in designing products no longer in industrialized countries but in emerging countries, where they a...

'Crisis, Innovation and Sustainable Development is a fascinating exploration at the frontiers of economics and ecology. It combines topical surveys of current work with deep reflection on the repressed role of nature in the history of economics. A work of great range and value, especially for all concerned with the strategy of economic policy going...

The purpose of this paper is to study the place of eco-innovation in industrial firms’ current strategy and to understand how they achieve this change in their technological trajectory. It is mainly based on interviews achieved within eight corporations settled in France in 2009-2011. We find that in a context of crisis, the firms consider eco-inno...