Biagio Palmisano

Sapienza University of Rome | la sapienza · Department of Molecular Medicine

The Gsα/cAMP signaling pathway mediates the effect of a variety of hormones and factors that regulate the homeostasis of the post-natal skeleton. Hence, the dysregulated activity of Gsα due to gain-of-function mutations (R201C/R201H) results in severe architectural and functional derangements of the entire bone/bone marrow organ. While the conseque...

Aerobic exercise has many beneficial effects on human health. One of them, is to influence positively bone remodeling through, however, incompletely understood mechanisms. Given its recently demonstrated role as a mediator of the bone to muscle to bone crosstalk during exercise, we hypothesized that interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling in bone may contri...

Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin, expressed in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues, that is regulated by the Gsα/cAMP pathway. In bone, it regulates osteogenesis and stimulates RANKL secretion and osteoclast formation in osteolytic tumors such as Multiple Myeloma. Fibrous dysplasia (FD) of bone is a rare g...

Dysostosis multiplex is a major cause of morbidity in Hurler syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type IH [MPS IH], OMIM #607014) because currently available therapies have limited success in its prevention and reversion. Unfortunately, the elucidation of skeletal pathogenesis in MPS IH is limited by difficulties in obtaining bone specimens from pediatr...

Bone pain is a major symptom of many skeletal disorders. Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a genetic disease with mono or polyostotic skeletal phenotype due to the post-zygotic occurrence of the causative Gsalpha mutation. Bone pain in FD often associates with skeletal deformities and fractures or nerve impingement by the pathological tissue. However, even...

3D bioprinting is at the forefront of tissue engineering to fabricate complex constructs resembling functional tissues. However, the inability to produce heterogeneous tissues and the lack of spatio-temporal control over the release of bioactive factors are greatly limiting clinical translation. Herein, the combination of 3D bioprinting with high-t...

Appropriate regeneration of jawbone after dental or surgical procedures relies on the recruitment of osteoprogenitor cells able to differentiate into matrix-producing osteoblasts. In this context, photobiomodulation (PBM) has emerged as promising therapy to improve tissue regeneration and to facilitate wound healing processes. The aim of this study...

An increasing number of drugs introduced to the market and numerous repositories of compounds with confirmed activity have posed the need to revalidate the state-of-the-art rules that determine the ranges of properties the compounds should possess to become future drugs. In this study, we designed a series of two chemotypes of aryl-piperazine hydan...

Fat is the main component of an adult bone marrow and constitutes the so-called bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT). Marrow adipocytes, which are the fat cells in the bone marrow, become more abundant with age, and may influence the whole-body metabolism. In osteoporotic patients, the amount of BMAT has an inverse correlation with the amount of bone...

The bone marrow stroma supports hematopoiesis while replenishing osteoblasts and adipocytes. These functions rely on different stromal cell populations identified by lineage tracing, phenotypic markers and single-cell transcriptomic analysis. A marrow stromal cell subset expressing Adiponectin (Adipoq+) has been reported by different studies in mic...

In intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) and 2 (THBS2) are soluble mediators released in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that contribute to the metastatic spreading of iCCA cells via a lymphatic network by the trans-differentiation of vascular endothelial cells to a lymphatic-like phenotype. To study the direct role of T...

Bone marrow adiposity (BMA) is a rapidly growing yet very young research field that is receiving worldwide attention based on its intimate relationship with skeletal and metabolic diseases, as well as hematology and cancer. Moreover, increasing numbers of young scientists and students are currently and actively working on BMA within their research...

Introduction: Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is an uncommon paraneoplastic syndrome due to the overproduction of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). It is predominantly caused by mesenchymal tumors and cured upon their complete removal. Non-surgical treatment is an alternative option but limited to specific clinical conditions. Methods: We re...

Introduction Recent evidence suggests that the bone marrow (BM) plays a key role in the diffusion of P. falciparum malaria by providing a “niche” for the maturation of the parasite gametocytes, responsible for human-to-mosquito transmission. Suitable humanized in vivo models to study the mechanisms of the interplay between the parasite and the huma...

A link between hypertension and long-term bone health has been suggested. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic angiotensin II administration on urinary calcium/phosphate excretion, bone mineral density, bone remodeling and osteoblast population in a well-established experimental model of hypertension, in the absence of po...

The bone marrow adipose tissue constitutes more than two-thirds of the bone marrow volume in adult life and is known to have unique metabolic and functional properties. In neoplastic disorders, bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) contribute to create a favorable microenvironment to survival and proliferation of cancer cells. Many studies explored the mo...

Fibrous dysplasia of bone/McCune-Albright syndrome (FD/MAS; OMIM#174800) is a skeletal disease caused by gain-of-function mutations of the α subunit of the stimulatory G protein (Gsα) encoded by the GNAS gene. FD lesions result from the deposition of fibro-osseous tissue with fragmented and abnormally oriented collagen fibers, hypo-mineralized bone...

The first International Summer School on Bone Marrow Adiposity was organized by members of Bone Marrow Adiposity Society and held virtually on September 6-8 2021. The goal of this meeting was to bring together young scientists interested in learning about bone marrow adipose tissue biology and pathology. Fifty-two researchers from different backgro...

Identifying the molecular networks that underlie Fibrous Dysplasia (FD) is key to understand the pathogenesis of the disease, to refine current diagnostic approaches and to develop efficacious therapies. In this study, we used the NanoString nCounter Analysis System to investigate the gene signature of a series of nine Formalin Fixed Decalcified an...

The bone marrow in adults consists mostly of fat. There is a direct relationship between bone marrow fat and the occurrence of bone fractures or osteoporosis. Bone marrow fat cells, or marrow adipocytes, have also been shown to have a systemic effect on metabolism. Preventing the formation of adipocytes in the bone marrow can accelerate blood produ...

Bone formation starts near the end of the embryonic stage of development and continues throughout life during bone modeling and growth, remodeling, and when needed, regeneration. Bone-forming cells, traditionally termed osteoblasts, produce, assemble, and control the mineralization of the type I collagen-enriched bone matrix while participating in...

We compared the effects of a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate (N-BP), zoledronic acid (ZA), and an anti-mouse RANKL antibody (anti-mRANKL Ab) on the bone tissue pathology of a transgenic mouse model of human fibrous dysplasia (FD). For comparison, we also reviewed the histological samples of a child with McCune–Albright syndrome (MAS) treated wit...

Physical endurance, muscle, and bone mass can change with activity; however, the molecular mechanisms that underlie exercise capacity remain largely unexplored. In this issue of the JCI, Chowdhury et al. investigated the role of IL-6 in exercise capacity. During exercise, the body increases circulating IL-6 and osteocalcin. The authors show that mu...

The interest in bone marrow adiposity (BMA) has increased over the last decade due to its association with, and potential role, in a range of diseases (osteoporosis, diabetes, anorexia, cancer) as well as treatments (corticosteroid, radiation, chemotherapy, thiazolidinediones). However, to advance the field of BMA research, standardization of metho...

Given the numerous health benefits of exercise, understanding how exercise capacity is regulated is a question of paramount importance. Circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels surge during exercise and IL-6 favors exercise capacity. However, neither the cellular origin of circulating IL-6 during exercise nor the means by which this cytokine enhance...

Fibrous Dysplasia of bone/McCune‐Albright Syndrome (FD/MAS, OMIM#174800) is a crippling skeletal disease caused by gain‐of‐function mutations of Gsα. Enhanced bone resorption is a recurrent histological feature of FD and a major cause of fragility of affected bones. Previous work suggests that increased bone resorption in FD is driven by RANKL and...

The 3rd International Meeting on Bone Marrow Adiposity (BMA) was held at the Olympic Museum in Lausanne, Switzerland, on August 31st and September 1st, 2017. This brief monograph summarizes the scientific contents of the meeting and highlights the birth of the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society (BMAS).

Aims: to find and describe, through a systematic review, validated assessment tool that evaluate the fall risk in older adults. Methods: MEDLINE, PEDro, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were consulted and no restrictions were applied to the year or country of publication but the searches were limited to studies published in English. Two authors independently i...

Fibrous Dysplasia (FD) is a rare genetic disease of the skeleton caused by activating mutations (R201C, R201H) of the stimulatory G protein α subunit (Gsα). We previously generated transgenic mice that express GsαR201C under the control of ubiquitous and constitutive promoters (EF1α-GsαR201C mice, PGK-GsαR201C mice) and reproduce a FD-like skeletal...