Bhaskar Rao

VIT University | VIT · Division of Biomedical Sciences

Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPS) are biocompatible, biodegradable, and less toxic substances secreted outside the cell. They adsorb metal cations to its surface, making it another captivating property, which helps in stabilizing and biosynthesizing metal nanoparticles. Owing to these properties, we adopted bacterial EPS toward the green synthesis...

Protease constitutes the major group of catalytic enzymes which is involved in hydrolyzing peptide bond of proteins. Marine sediment sample were collected and protease producing bacterial isolates were identified by using casein as a substrate. The organisms were characterized by biochemical test and identified as Bacillus sp. In order to check for...

Proteases play an indispensable role in the life cycles of several life-threatening organisms such as the ones causing malaria, cancer and AIDS. The targeted blockade of these enzymes could be an efficient approach for drug modeling against these causative agents. Our study was directed towards the extraction and characterization of a protease inhi...

The current investigation showcases the biogenesis of zirconium oxide nanoparticles by marine yeast, isolated from backwaters of Sundarbans, India. A total of 21 marine yeast isolates were isolated and screened for biosynthesis of zirconium oxide nanoparticles. The potential marine yeasts DSB1 and DSB2 were initially identified by microscopic and b...

Dyes are xenobiotic compounds widely used by textile, leather, paper, printing, food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Decolorization and dye degradation in the effluents is a prime hurdle in its treatment, and there is still a shortage of economically attractive and easy-to-operate treatments that can eliminate dye pollution. In recent yea...

Chromium, ranking the second most among toxic heavy metal pollutants in the world, causing respiratory, cardiovascular and renal problems in human beings is under study herein. We examined the biological remediation of the carcinogenic Cr (VI) polluted soils by indigenous yeast isolates. The total element analysis of the treated sample was determin...

Azo dyes are recalcitrant compounds used as a colorant in various industries. The pollution caused by their extensive usage has adversely affected the environment for years. The existing physicochemical methods for dye pollution remediation are rather inefficient and hence there is a dearth of low-cost, potential systems capable of dye degradation....

The current study was planned to screen the marine yeasts for the protease inhibitor production and to investigate its antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Among the 30 marine yeast isolates recovered from the backwater of Port Blair, Andaman-Nicobar Islands, only 4 isolates showed positive protease inhibition activity. The crude extract of the...

Background: Azo dyes are xenobiotic compounds that have bioaccumulated in the environment due to escalated industrial development. These are hazardous in nature, possessing carcinogenic and mutagenic effects on human beings. Objectives: The perspective of the present study was to isolate and to determine azo dye (Reactive Orange-16) degrading pote...

Induction of disease resistance in plants can be a better option in the management of alarming microbial plant diseases. Streptomyces albolongus isolate which proved to produce antifungal compounds exhibited antagonism against notorious plant pathogens in our past research. The present work focuses on the utility of S. albolongus metabolites in act...

The increasing need for Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) for biofertilizer development is warranted owing to the environmental hazards caused by chemical fertilizers. Our investigation was to isolate, screen and characterize PGPR from rhizospheric soil with potential PGPR properties. Oryza sativa and Saccharum officinarum rhizosphere wer...

Azo dyes are the largest group of chemically synthesized colorants used in various industries. The hazardous nature of these dyes has led to the development of stringent environmental laws. Thus, mounting pressure exists on the industries for development of cost-effective dye removal systems. The current work focuses on the bioremoval of azo dye Re...

Heavy metal pollution poses a major risk as it leads to toxicity affecting humans and animals, thus disrupting the ecological balance. Chromium falls under the category of toxic metal. The hexavalent chromium (Cr +6) is the highest oxidation state of chromium and exerts mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on different biological systems. The present...

Azo dyes are known as industrially synthesized organic compounds, and these azo dyes are identified by their azo bonds (N=N). Mixtures of these synthetic dyes which are unbound to the fiber get released into the environment and that will ultimately lead to bioaccumulation. Bioaccumulation of these dyes constitutes a serious environmental hazard. Se...

The perpetual increase in the resistance offered by biofilm-forming nosocomial pathogens has become a critical clinical challenge. Marine Streptomyces sps present a promising future of novel compounds with novel applications. We focus on the anti-biofilm activity of marine Streptomyces against two major nosocomial pathogens from clinical samples, P...

Since the ancient times, microbial diseases remain to be one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Historical literature suggests the devastating effects of microbial diseases outbreaks on the socioeconomic of several countries. In such state, discovery and application of vaccines (microbial origin) gave new hope to the mankind to fight mic...

Objective: The present study was focused on the characterization and in silico analysis of antibacterial compound derived from marine actinobacteria isolated from the sediments of salterns of Ongole, Andhra Pradesh, India. Methods: The sediment sample was serially diluted and marine actinobacteria were isolated in actinomycetes isolation agar. A...

Azo dyes are xenobiotic compounds. When released along with industrial effluents, dyes affect aquatic species creating an environmental imbalance. Although numerous researches have been done on microbial degradation of dyes, however, an effective biological treatment method to deal with this hazardous compound is still lacking. The study focuses on...

Lipases are hydrolase enzymes which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Microorganisms like bacteria, fungi and yeast are capable of producing lipases. These microbial lipases have wide range of industrial application. Lipases produce by the yeast are now gaining more attention with the help of new emerging enzyme technology...

Lipases are hydrolase enzymes which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Microorganisms like bacteria, fungi and yeast are capable of producing lipases. These microbial lipases have wide range of industrial application. Lipases produce by the yeast are now gaining more attention with the help of new emerging enzyme technology...

Protease inhibitors are those key bio-molecules which impede and thus regulate proteases. Apart from the outlook of protease inhibitors as elements of enzyme and structure studies, they have been lately looked upon as potential pharmacological agents. They exert inhibition against several clinically challenging pathogenic proteases being pharmacolo...

The current study was carried out to evaluate the in-vitro and in-vivo efficiency of alpha glucosidase inhibitor of marine actinobacteria in the control of postprandial hyperglycaemia. Soil samples were collected from salterns, coastal area in Kothapatnam, Ongole, Andhra Pradesh, India. Among the actinobacterial isolates tested for yeastα-glucosida...

Objective: The present study focuses on the synthesis of silver and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles from marine yeasts, isolated from the sediments of the Bay of Bengal, Bakkhali coast, West Bengal, and India.Methods: The marine sediment samples were diluted through serial diution and cultured onto yeast malt agar medium by the spread plate method....

The present study was carried out to explore potential antimicrobial compounds from Actinomycetes against common plant pathogens. Actinomycetes were isolated from different environmental samples and screened for antifungal activity against Corynespora cassiicola (Berk & Curtis), the causative agent of target spot disease in tomato plants. Among the...

Objective: This study was focused on an evaluation of antimicrobial activity of actinobacterial isolated from Kanyakumari marine sediments.Methods: This study includes sample collection from Kanyakumari beach, followed by isolation of marine actinobacteria, screening for antibacterial activity and antifungal activity. Finally, the most active isola...

Research for the selection of different enzyme producing microorganisms are increased around the world. Marine actinomycetes are one of the most investigated group since they are considered as a potential source of biotechnologically interesting products. The aim of the present study was to isolate commercially useful enzymes producing marine actin...

Lead (Pb⁺²) is a heavy metal and one of the main environmental pollutants, toxic to plants, animals and humans. Pb⁺² contaminated soils affect crop productivity. The availability of heavy metals to plants and their toxicity depends on complex rhizospheric reactions involving not only exchange processes between soil and plants but also microbial act...

The investigation was conducted to analyse the bioactive compounds from the leaf extracts of L. speciosa by GC–MS. The extracts were screened for antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against potential clinical strains. The bioactive compounds from the leaves of L. speciosa were extracted by soxhlet continuous extraction method and their chemica...

Biofilm formation is a major strategy of drug resistant bacteria to thrive and cause infection. This ever increasing drug resistance demands for new drugs and treatment. Our study investigated the potential of phytochemicals in inhibiting biofilm formation through screening of anti quorum sensing activity. Ethyl acetate extracts of leaves of Plumer...

In the present study the leishmanicidal effect of potential protease inhibitor producing marine actinobacterial isolate has been investigated against Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis. Among 89 marine actinobacteria isolated from a salt pan in Kanyakumari, only one isolate (BVK2) showed 97% of protease inhibition ac...

Biosurfactants are surface active compounds produced by a great diversity of microorganisms. They act by lowering the surface tension at the interfaces of solid, liquid and gases. The chemical surfactants that are practiced on a large commercial basis are toxic to the environment and non-biodegradable. These synthetic compounds may bio-accumulate a...

Biosurfactants are amphiphilic compounds with high specificity, low toxicity and high biodegradability and able to increase the surface tension of hydrophobic water insoluble substrate. In our study, the isolation and characterization of indigenous bacteria capable of producing biosurfactant from contaminated soil samples from various sources was u...

Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the bioactive potential (antimicrobial and antioxidant) of marine actinobacteria isolated from Thottadamarine sediment, Kannur, Kerala.Methods: The study involved isolation of marine actinobacteria from Thottada marine sediments, followed by antimicrobial and antioxidant activityof the crude extract. Fina...

Background: α-glucosidase inhibitors controls postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) by lowering sharp rise in blood glucose levels after ingestion of carbohydrate rich meal in type 2 diabetic (T2D) individuals. Acalypha indica commonly known as Indian copper leaf is used in traditional medicinal system to treat various diseases. In our previous in-vit...

Bacterial enzymes play an important role in the industry. The objective of this study was to isolate and screen α-amylase producing bacteria from water samples obtained from various regions of the Naini Lake, Uttarakhand, India. A total of 11 bacterial isolates were obtained on nutrient agar medium, which were then screened for the production of α-...

The present study was carried out to screen the actinobacteria isolated from marine sediments collected from Chennai, Tamilnadu, India for their antibacterial and antioxidant activites. A total of 6 isolates of marine Actinobacteria were isolated and were designated as VSKB 1 to VSKB 6. Out of the six isolates only one isolates VSKB-3 showed activi...

Yeasts are eukaryotic unicellular organisms and constitute 1% of all described fungal species. Many yeast species are capable of producing different types of bioactive compounds including enzymes viz. amylases, proteases, invertases, lipases, inulinases, cellulose, phytases. The present study was focused on the isolation of lipase producing yeasts...

Marine yeasts are ubiquitous in marine environment and they can be found in the ocean, marine sediments, digestive tracts of marine organisms etc. Marine yeasts can tolerate extreme environments like other marine microorganisms. This review is mainly focusing on the various biological and industrial applications of different marine yeast strains. T...

The objectives were to isolate xylanase from marine Actinobacteria that has received great attention in the development of environment friendly techniques in paper and pulp industry and performing strain improvement by various mutation methods to test its effectiveness.

Vibriosis is a bacterial disease of humans and animals, caused by Gram negative bacteria Vibrio sp. such as Vibrio cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, V. harveyiand V. vulnificans. Vibriosis resulted in a significant economic loss for the aquaculture industry as it resulted in the death of fishes and shrimps mainly reared for human consumption. The proj...

This study describes a novel biological route for the biosynthesis of silver oxide nanoparticles utilising the aqueous extract of Callistemon lanceolatus D.C. leaves. Formation of silver oxide nanoparticles was confirmed by UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive X-ray spectro...

In the present study, the decolorization and degradation of azo dye Direct Orange 16 (DO-16) by a potential bacterial isolate isolated from textile effluent were evaluated. Through 16S rRNA sequence matching, the potential isolate was identified as Micrococcus luteus strain SSN2. The effects of various factors (pH, temperature, salt and dye concent...

The current study was designed to perform phytochemical screening, antimicrobial, antioxidant, hemolytic activities and GC-MS analysis of B. acuminata leaves and stem extracts. Antimicrobial activity for hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous extracts were screened by agar well diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Staphylococ...

The aim of the study was to isolate, identify and characterize Lipase and Xylanase producing actinobacteria and fungi that form an efficient and cost-effective way to tackle the issues of treating wastes from pulp and paper industries and oil spills in oceans.

The present research paper reports extraction of the bioactive compounds from leaves of L. speciosa (Lytitraceae Family): The Soxhlet extraction was performed for various solvents like, water, chloroform, petroleum ether etc. and screened for its phytochemical analysis. Tannins, terpenoids, and carbohydrate were found to be the major secondary meta...

The current study was aimed to evaluate phytochemical composition and antioxidant property of red, white and yellow flower yielding varieties of Bougainvillea glabra leaves by various in vitro methods. Antioxidant activity of all the three varieties was analyzed by DPPH radical scavenging assay. Red variety showed highest DPPH radical scavenging ac...

The present work was concerned with the isolation and screening of tyrosinase enzyme producing marine actinobacteria from marine salterns soil. It was also focussed on testing the antioxidant and haemolytic activity of the isolated marine actinobacteria. A total of 17 actinobacterial isolates were isolated from salterns soil samples from Kothapatta...

The aim of this study is to analyze the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Ficus elastica (F. elastica). Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Ficus elastica leaves was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, total antioxidant activity test, iron chelating activity test and reducing pow...

The present study is focused on the extraction of intracellular pigment from actinobacteria isolated from the wetland soil sample of Sundarbans, West Bengal. Out of a total 20 isolates, only one actinobacterial isolates showed pigmented growth. Further, the potential isolate was identified by using 16s rRNA sequencing and confirmed as Streptomyces...

The aim of the present investigation was to assess the in vitro antioxidant potential, antibacterial activity, haemolytic activity, phytochemical screening and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis of hydroethanolic extract of Kaempferia galanga leaves. To determine the antioxidant potential of the extract, DPPH radical scavenging,...

Actinobacteria are virtually unlimited sources of novel compounds with many industrial and therapeutic applications. The present study was focussed on the isolation and identification of marine Actinobacteria producing keratinase enzyme from marine sediments. A total of four marine actinobacterial cultures were isolated on Actinomycetes Isolation A...

Marine Bacillus species are potent producers of novel enzymes. Marine Bacillus VITRKHB was observed to be efficient for cellulolytic activity. It was employed for the production of extracellular cellulase. Cellulase was partially purified to 1.6-fold in a stepwise manner by ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis, and DEAE ion exchange chromatogra...

This study was focused on an evaluation of antimicrobial activity of actinobacterial isolated from Kanyakumari marine sediments.

The current investigation was aimed to evaluate phytochemical composition, antimicrobial and hemolytic activity of ethanolic extracts of Cleome viscosa Linn. stems. Antimicrobial activity was performed by agar well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fluorescence, Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli followed by minimum...

This study was conducted to examine the availability of microbial contamination in retail meat available in Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. Raw broiler chicken samples (5 numbers) were collected from the local market from Vellore and analyzed for microbiological contamination. Isolation of microbial cultures was performed by serial dilution and spread...

The present study was focused on screening and characterization of tyrosinase enzyme produced by marine actinobacteria and its application in phenolic compounds removal from aqueous solution. A total of 20 strains were isolated from marine sediment sample and screened for tyrosinase production by using skimmed milk agar medium. Among 20 isolates, t...

The aim of the present work is to investigate the anti-dermatophytic and cytotoxic activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using marine actinobacteria isolated from marine salterns soil. AgNPs were synthesized by mixing actinobacteria culture supernatant with 1mM of AgNO3 and incubated at 28°C under dark condition. The synthesized A...

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are good sources of nourishment to soil and hence a potential alternative to chemical fertilizers. In the study, a total of 12 rhizobacterial isolates, designated as SI1-SI12 were assayed for their plant growth promoting activity. Using available standardized protocols the phosphate solubilisation and nit...

Decolorization and degradation of Azo dye Reactive Red-22 (RR-22) by a bacterial strain isolated from marine seawater and identified as Bacillus infantis sp. AAA was assessed. Maximum decolorization (95%) of RR-22 (100 mg/L) was achieved at pH 9, 37°C and 3% salt concentration under static conditions in 6h. Various environmental characteristics suc...

The aim of the present study was to isolate L-asparaginase producing actinobacteria from mangrove sediment. The samples were collected from Parangapattai coastal area (Lat.11°29'N Long.79°46'E) of Tamilnadu, India. A total of 24 actinobacteria colonies were isolated, among them 14 strains were separated and selected based on colony morphology. The...

Present study is focused on the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) from marine actinobacteria and to check their antibiofouling activity against the isolated biofouling bacteria. A total of five actinobacterial strains were isolated from Chennai marine sediments, Tamilnadu, India, which were designated as SV1-SV5. Two biofouling...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of the Ficus benghalensis (F. benghalensis) by in vitro methods. Methanolic extract of F. benghalensis leaves was evaluated for the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, phenolic compounds, oil and fats, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins by using...

Bacillus halodurans MTCC 865 was employed for decolorization of textile azo dye, Acid Black-24 (AB-24). Thousand mgl⁻¹ of AB-24 was decolorized with 90% efficiency by the strain within 6 hrs at pH 9 and 37 °C with 5% NaCl under static conditions in screening medium. Decolorization was evaluated by measuring the periodic decrease in absorbance at 55...

Ipomoea fistulosa is an evergreen shrub with heart shaped leaves which is used for the treatment of various diseases in traditional medication. In this study, aqueous extract of I. fistulosa leaves was evaluated for phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity and cytotoxic activity by various in vitro methods. Phytochemical screening of the I....

The present investigation was aimed to evaluate antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Acalypha indica stem. Antidiabetic activity was examined by α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitor assay fallowed by enzyme kinetics. Antioxidant activity was investigated by DPPH radical scavenging, β carotene bleaching, antilipid peroxidation, r...

The present study was focused on isolation, screening, characterization and application of biosurfac-tant producing marine actinobacteria. Twenty actinobac-teria were isolated from marine water sample and were primarily screened for biosurfactant production using hemolytic activity method. Among the 20 isolates, six showed positive result for hemol...

The present study was focused on isolation, screening, characterization and application of biosurfac-tant producing marine actinobacteria. Twenty actinobac-teria were isolated from marine water sample and were primarily screened for biosurfactant production using hemolytic activity method. Among the 20 isolates, six showed positive result for hemol...