Bevan Buirchell

• B. Sc. (Hons), Ph. D.
• Research Associate at Western Australian Museum

In this study, an extract of the leaves of Eremophila clarkei Oldfield & F.Muell. showed protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 33.0 μg/mL. The extract was therefore investigated by high-resolution PTP1B inhibition profiling to pinpoint the constituents responsible for the activity. Subsequent isolation an...

Extracts of Eremophila phyllopoda subsp. phyllopoda showed α-glucosidase and PTP1B inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 19.6 and 13.6 μg/mL, respectively. High-resolution α-glucosidase/PTP1B/radical scavenging profiling was performed to establish a triple high-resolution inhibition profile that allowed direct pinpointing of the constituents resp...

1 The plant genus Eremophila is endemic to Australia and widespread in arid regions. Root bark extract of Eremophila longifolia (R.Br.) F.Muell. (Scrophulariaceae) was investigated by LC-PDA-HRMS, and dereplication suggested the presence of a series of diterpenoids. Using a combination of preparative- and analytical-scale HPLC separation as well as...

In a cross‐continental research initiative, including researchers working in Australia and Denmark, and based on joint external funding by a 3‐year grant from the Novo Nordisk Foundation, we have used DNA sequencing, extensive chemical profiling and molecular networking analyses across the entire Eremophila genus to provide new knowledge on the pre...

Eremophila (Scrophulariaceae) is a genus of Australian desert plants, which have been used by Australian Aboriginal people for various medicinal purposes. Crude extracts of the leaf resin of Eremophila glabra (R.Br.) Ostenf. showed α-glucosidase and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity with IC 50 values of 19.3 ± 1.2 μg/mL an...

Crude extract of Eremophila spathulata leaves was investigated by semi-preparative scale high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), analytical scale HPLC, and hyphenated high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array-high-resolution mass spectrometry-nuclear magnetic resonance (HPLC-PDA-HRMS-SPE-NMR), which afforded seven previously un...

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major challenge in cancer treatment, and the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is an important target in the search for new MDR-reversing drugs. With the aim of discovering new potential BCRP inhibitors, the crude extract of leaves of Eremophila galeata, a plant endemic to Australia, was investigated for inhibi...

Eremophila is the largest genus in the plant tribe Myoporeae (Scrophulariaceae) and exhibits incredible morphological diversity across the Australian continent. The Australian Aboriginal Peoples recognize many Eremophila species as important sources of traditional medicine, the most frequently used plant parts being the leaves. Recent phylogenetic...

Eremophila is a significant component of the Australian arid zone flora, but its generic limits and relationships to the other six genera of tribe Myoporeae remain largely untested. In this study, we assembled a dataset of the nuclear ribosomal cistron (ca. 6000 bases including ITS1+2, ETS regions, non‐transcribed spacer and associated genes) for a...

Eremophila is the largest genus in the plant tribe Myoporeae (Scrophulariaceae) and exhibits incredible morphological diversity across the Australian continent. The Australian Aboriginal Peoples recognize many Eremophila species as important sources of traditional medicine, the most frequently used plant parts being the leaves. Recent phylogenetic...

This study presents an analysis of plastomes to assess relationships among the seven genera of tribe Myoporeae (Scrophulariaceae). Sampling included individuals from type species for all seven genera included in Myoporeae (Bontia, Calamphoreus, Diocirea, Eremophila, Glycocystis, Myoporum, Pentacoelium), one additional species of the large genus Ere...

Ten new branched-chain fatty acid (BCFA) dimers with a substituted cyclohexene structure, five new monomers, and two known monomers, (2E,4Z,6E)-5-(acetoxymethyl)tetradeca-2,4,6-trienoic acid and its 5-hydroxymethyl analogue, were identified in the leaf extract of Eremophila oppositifolia subsp. angustifolia using a combination of HPLC-PDA-HRMS-SPE-...

Buirchell B.J. & Brown A.P. New species of Eremophila (Scrophulariaceae): thirteen geographically restricted species from Western Australia. Nuytsia 27: 253–283 (2016). Thirteen geographically restricted species of Eremophila R.Br. (E. ballythunnensis Buirchell & A.P.Br., E. capricornica Buirchell & A.P.Br., E. daddii Buirchell & A.P.Br., E. ferric...

Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), genus Potyvirus, has an extensive natural host range encompassing both dicots and monocots. Its phylogenetic groups were considered to consist of an ancestral generalist group and six specialist groups derived from this generalist group during plant domestication. Recombination was suggested to be playing a role in...

Next generation sequencing is quickly emerging as the go-to tool for plant virologists when sequencing whole virus genomes, and undertaking plant metagenomic studies for new virus discoveries. This study aims to compare the genomic and biological properties of Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) (genus Potyvirus), isolates from Lupinus angustifolius pl...

Black pod syndrome (BPS) causes devastating losses in Lupinus angustifolius (narrow-leafed lupin) crops in Australia, and infection with Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) was suggested as a possible cause. In 2011, an end-of-growing-season survey in which L. angustifolius plants with BPS were collected from six locations in southwestern Australia was...

This study examined the potential of using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict the nutrient composition, energy density and the digestible protein and digestible energy values of lupin kernel meals when fed to rainbow trout. A series of 136 lupin kernel meals were assessed for their protein and energy digestibilities using the diet-substit...

The narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is a legume with much to offer to agriculture and human wellbeing through its adaptation to nitrogen- and phosphorus-deficient, acid, sandy soils, and production of nutritious, very low glycemic index grain with manifold health benefits. However, the industry has exploited only a small fraction of...

This study investigated the genetic and environmental influences and their interactions on seed protein profiles of five narrow-leafed lupin cultivars grown under three different environmental conditions. High throughput MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry revealed 133 reproducible seed protein mass peaks. Thirty-one seed protein mass peaks were detected i...

Selection for phomopsis stem blight disease (PSB) resistance is one of the key objectives in lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) breeding programs. A cross was made between cultivar Tanjil (resistant to PSB) and Unicrop (susceptible). The progeny was advanced into F(8) recombinant inbred lines (RILs). The RIL population was phenotyped for PSB disease...

With 2 figures and 2 tables Lupin is a long-day plant, and its flowering time can be affected by prolonged exposure to cold, ambient temperatures and photoperiod. The vernalization response was investigated in three species of lupins, Lupinus albus L., L. luteus L. and L. mutabilis Sweet., under varying vernalization regimes in glasshouse condition...

A key goal in the breeding for aphid resistance of cultivated lupins is to manipulate the levels and distributions of alkaloids. Lupin alkaloids are known to be responsible for resistance to herbivorous insects, but the total seed alkaloid level must remain under 0.02% for animal and human consumption. Yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) is being inve...

Although the narrow-leafed lupin was 1st domesticated in Central Europe in the early 20th century, it remained a minor crop until further domestication in Western Australia (WA) in the 1950–1970s, and Australia has dominated world production since the mid-1980s. In order to investigate varietal adaptation and changes over time in Australian breedin...

With 3 tables Lupin anthracnose [caused by Colletotrichum lupini (Bondar) Nirenberg, Feiler & Hagedorn] first occurred in commercial crops in Western Australia (WA) in 1996 and severely affected the lupin industry, particularly in the northern grain belt of WA. Subsequent studies led to the identification of good sources of resistance to the diseas...

Narrow-leafed lupin (NLL) is one of the major legume crops in Australian farming systems which is largely used as animal feed. Several modern cultivars have been developed through breeding making NLL feasible for use as human food. Significant health benefits have been recognised for NLL. The current study characterised protein polymorphism among 2...

In contrast to most widespread broad-acre crops, the narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) was domesticated very recently, in breeding programmes isolated in both space and time. Whereas domestication was initiated in Central Europe in the early twentieth century, the crop was subsequently industrialized in Australia, which now dominates w...

Stemphylium grey leaf spot was a damaging disease of Lupinus angustifolius crops in Western Australia during the 1970s. It has rarely been reported since the release of resistant cultivars more than 30 years ago. Severe grey leaf spot symptoms, caused by Stemphylium botryosum, were observed recently in experimental lupin plots at South Perth, Weste...

With 2 tables Abstract Albus lupin ( Lupinus albus L.) is an important grain legume for fertile and well‐drained loamy soils of Western Australia (WA). WA experiences constant terminal drought and early flowering varieties are essential to avoid the drought stress. Inheritance of flowering time was studied in two breeding populations by examining...

Narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustilolius L.) is a grain legume of exceptionally high nutritive value and much versatile food and animal feed around the world. The development of lupin as a modern crop was limited by its high concentration of alkaloids. Progress in breeding necessitates a better understanding of the genetics underlying the trait –...

To broaden the gene pool of domesticated commercial cultivars of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.), wild accessions are used as parents in crossing in lupin breeding. Among the progenies from wild × domesticated (W × D) crosses, the soft-seediness gene mollis is the most difficult domestication gene to be selected by conventional breed...

Genetic gain is used as a long‐term measure of the efficiency of a breeding program. A spatial linear mixed model that includes a multiplicative mixed model (MMM) for the variety by environment (V×E) effect has been used for the analysis of 39 trials of 25 historical lupin varieties for the period of 1997 to 2006. The 25 varieties were produced by...

Cost, time, linkage drag, and genetic drift work against the incorporation of potentially valuable alleles from exotic or non-adapted germplasm into elite crop plants, particularly for quantitative traits. We present a model, motivated by narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius), for efficient incorporation of new alleles from exotic or non-adap...

Narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is a grain legume well adapted to sandy soils of a Mediterranean climate and is the major grain legume in Australia. Improved herbicide tolerance of lupin cultivars is now considered as top priority by the industry for effective weed management. This paper reports induced mutation by seed mutagenesis i...

Anthracnose is a major disease of lupins in Western Australia (WA). The disease wiped out the WA albus lupin industry in 1996 and since then, anthracnose resistance has been a major focus for WA lupin breeding. In an endeavour to find a source of resistance to anthracnose, all available germplasm in WA was screened against anthracnose in New Zealan...

Selection for anthracnose disease resistance is one of the top priorities in white lupin (Lupinus albus) breeding programs. A cross was made between a landrace P27174 (resistant to anthracnose) and a cultivar Kiev Mutant (susceptible). The progeny was advanced to F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). Disease tests on the RIL population from field tri...

Seeds and plants of wild type Lupinus albus are bitter and contain high level of alkaloids. During domestication, at least three genes conferring low-alkaloid content were identified and incorporated into commercial varieties. Australian lupin breeders exclusively utilize one of these sweetness genes, “pauper”, in all varieties to prevent possible...

Lupin Anthracnose (caused by Colletotrichum lupini) first occurred in commercial crops in Western Australia in 1996 and severely affected the lupin industry, particularly in the northern grainbelt of Western Australia. Subsequent studies led to the identification of good sources of resistance to the disease in Lupinus angustifolius and Lupinus albu...

Agricultural crops and their wild progenitors are excellent candidates for ecophysiologal research because germplasm collections are often extensive and well described, and in its dissemination the crop may explore new habitats. The advent of high-resolution climate models has greatly improved our capacity to characterise plant habitats, and study...

Over a series of seven separate experiments 76 different lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) meals were assessed for their digestible dry matter, protein, amino acid and energy characteristics when fed to rainbow trout. Two reference diets (a common basal diet and a reference lupin meal) were also included in each experiment. Minimal variance in the dige...

Anthracnose in lupins, caused by Colletotrichum lupini, was first detected in commercial crops in Western Australia (WA) in 1996. This incursion of an exotic plant pathogen into Australia constituted a major biosecurity threat to the local lupin industry. The disease caught the industry unawares with the majority of cultivars at that time being sus...

Marker-assisted selection (MAS) in plant breeding requires that the markers to be linked to genes of industrial significance, be cost-effectively applicable to large number of samples, and a wide range of crosses in a breeding program. We employed the DNA fingerprinting technology 'microsatellite- anchored fragment length polymorphisms (MFLP)' in m...

Over the last 30 years the lupin industry in Australia has come from nothing to an essential part of the agricultural system. Breeding has contributed to this rise through increasing yield, overcoming major diseases and contributing to the agronomic success of the crop. The lupin industry now faces new challenges within the farming system and in th...

Lupinus albus excepted, the smooth-seeded old world lupins have an extremely short history as domesticated crops, and suffer from a narrow genetic background as a result. This is manifested in the absence of specific adaptation, which makes it difficult for breeders to maximise regional potential, and for physiologists to identify key adaptive trai...

Brown, A.P. & Buirchell, B. Eremophila densifolia subsp. erecta and E. grandiflora (Myoporaceae), two new taxa from south-west Western Australia. Nuytsia 17: 81–86 (2007). Eremophila densifolia F.Muell. subsp. erecta A.P.Br. & B.Buirchell and E. grandiflora A.P.Br. & B.Buirchell are described and illustrated, their relationships with closely relate...

Wild plants of Lupinus angustifolius avoid extinction in a drought year by production of seeds with coats that are impermeable to water, preventing germination of a large percentage of the seed in any given year. Domesticated cultivars of this species carry the recessive gene mollis, making the seed coat permeable to water and, in turn promoting go...

Field experiments concerning lupin grown in a low-rainfall environment of the Mediterranean climatic region of Western Australia were conducted over three seasons to identify and evaluate the characteristics that maximise yield per unit of rainfall. The characteristics of early flowering and podding, high pod retention, fast rates of seed filling,...

A key challenge in marker-assisted selection (MAS) for molecular plant breeding is to develop markers linked to genes of interest which are applicable to multiple breeding populations. In this study representative F2 plants from a cross Mandalup (resistant to anthracnose disease)×Quilinock (susceptible) of Lupinus angustifolius were used in DNA fin...

Wild types of Lupinus angustifolius require vernalization to promote flowering. Modern domesticated cultivars carry the early-flowering gene Ku which removes this requirement. A microsatellite-anchored fragment length polymorphism marker was identified as co-segregating with the Ku gene in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a d...

Brown, A.P. & Buirchell, B. Eremophila densifolia subsp. erecta and E. grandiflora (Myoporaceae), two new taxa from south-west Western Australia. Nuytsia 17: 81– 86 (2007). Eremophila densifolia F.Muell. subsp. erecta A.P.Br. & B.Buirchell and E. grandiflora A.P.Br. & B.Buirchell are described and illustrated, their relationships with closely relat...

Patterns of morphological diversity were examined in Lupinus pilosus in relation to geographical origins or selection history of accessions. There was significant variation among accessions for most architectural and reproductive characters in a field experiment in Perth, Western Australia. Late flowering was associated with resetted early growth,...

Tolerance to metribuzin herbicide is an essential agronomic trait for narrow-leafed lupin (L. angustifolius L.) grown in Western Australia (WA), however, metribuzin causes up to 30% yield loss in cv. Tanjil. Tanjil is widely used as a parent in the WA lupin breeding programme to provide anthracnose resistance. Hence, identification of genotypes tol...

Between 500 000 and 1 000 000 tonnes of narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius L.) are produced in Western Australia each year. It has become the predominant grain legume in Western Australian agriculture because it is peculiarly well adapted to acid sandy soils and the Mediterranean climate of south-western Australia. It has a deep root syste...

A mapping population of F(8)derived recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was established from a cross between a domesticated breeding line 83A:476 and a wild type P27255 in narrow-leaf lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.). The parents together with the 89 RILs were subjected to DNA fingerprinting using microsatellite-anchored fragment length polymorphism (M...

Selection for anthracnose disease resistance is one of the major objectives in lupin breeding programs. The aim of this study was to develop a molecular marker linked to a gene conferring anthracnose resistance in narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.), which can be widely used for MAS in lupin breeding. A F(8)derived RIL population from a...

Accessions totalling 1425 from the Australian Lupin Collection representing 9 Old World lupin species and Lupinus mutabilis Sweet, a New World species, were sampled for seed coat and pod wall percentage, seed weight, and number of seeds per pod. These traits are of importance to the breeding objective of lowering seed coat and pod wall proportions...

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is the most serious disease of lupins (Lupinus spp). A cross was made between cultivars Tanjil (resistant) and Unicrop (susceptible) in narrow-leafed lupin (L. angustifolius). Analysis of disease reaction data on the F2 population and on the resultant F7 recombinant inbred lines suggested that Ta...

Phomopsis stem blight (PSB) caused by Diaporthe toxica is a major disease in narrow-leafed lupin ( Lupinus angustifolius L.). The F(2) progeny and the parental plants from a cross between a breeding line 75A:258 (containing a single dominant resistance gene Phr1 against the disease) and a commercial cultivar Unicrop (susceptible to the disease) wer...

Resistance to phomopsis stem and pod blight, caused by Diaporthe toxica, varies greatly in cultivars of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius). Earlier observations indicated a possible difference in the genetic control of stem and pod resistance, as some cultivars (Gungurru, Myallie, Kalya and Quilinock) were resistant in stems but not in pod...

The genetics of resistance to Phomopsis pod blight caused by Diaporthe toxica in narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) was studied in a cross between resistant cv. Tanjil, and susceptible cv. Unicrop. A non-destructive glasshouse test for resistance was developed to assess resistance in F1, F2, and in selfed parent plants. The test involved i...

Genetic resources of lupins are discussed on a basis of information obtained from institutions with active collections and the taxonomy of the genus Lupinus is considered (including two centers of origin, the New and Old World). In drawing any conclusions on resources we have taken account of the agricultural importance of the four lupin crops. The...

This is one of over 20 crop monographs that resulted from a BMZ, Germany funded and IPGRI coordinated project on promoting the conservation and use of neglected and underutilized crops.

This series of monographs draws attention to a number of crop species that have been neglected by researchers or have been underutilized economically. Many lupin species were selected over the ages for use as ornamentals, green manure, forage and seed crops. Only a few were fully domesticated and became important grain legume crops in the latter ha...