Bernad Batinic

Johannes Kepler University of Linz | JKU · Department of Work, Organizational and Media Psychology

This study examined the role of the latent and financial benefits of work as defined by Marie Jahoda (1982) in explaining a person's work involvement. Drawing upon theoretical frameworks on work commitment and work motivation, the latent benefits were expected to have a positive, whereas the financial benefits were expected to have a negative impac...

The presented study combines conservation of resource theory with latent deprivation theory to explain the negative relationship between job insecurity and mental health. Specifically, we propose that people who face the threat of job insecure would perceive worse access to the benefits of work, which would explain the negative effect of job insecu...

In line with self-determination theory and Fredrickson's (2001) broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, this study adopts a positive perspective on students' school experiences and their general psychological functioning. The reciprocal effects of positive school experiences and happiness, a dimension of affective well-being, are examined ov...

Opinion leaders constitute a central consumer segment for targeted marketing strategies. By separating opinion leadership into a generalized and domain-specific component this study examines the psychological profile of N = 417 consumers from Germany and incorporates opinion leadership into a hierarchical framework of human personality. Results emp...

Unemployment has serious negative effects on psychological health, and yet the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. According to the latent deprivation model, it is the lack of latent benefits of work associated with unemployment, which leads to psychological distress. In a four-wave study among employed persons, unemployed persons, and persons ou...

According to the incongruence model, unemployed people experience incongruence between their actual as compared to their desired employment status, which is an important source of distress. In contrast to other theories, this model is able to explain why unemployed people feel worse not only compared to employed people but also compared to people i...

The construct of flourishing, which refers to a high level of wellbeing, is a key concept in the field of positive psychology. Nevertheless, despite the proliferation of questionnaires attempting to measure wellbeing and flourishing, there is still an ongoing debate in the scientific community about the definition and assessment of both, which make...

Companies increasingly rely on chatbots to enable efficient and engaging communication with customers. Previous research has highlighted a trend towards female-gendered designs of customer service chatbots, adding to concerns about the reinforcement of outdated gender stereotypes in human-computer interactions. Against this background, the present...

Laughter is a universal, nonverbal vocal expression of broad significance for humans. Interestingly, rather little is known about how often we laugh and how laughter is associated with our personality. In a large, event-based, experience sampling method study (N = 52; k = 9,261 assessments) using wrist-worn wearables and a physical analogue scale,...

The experience sampling method (ESM) allows for a high degree of ecological validity compared to laboratory research, at the cost of greater effort for participants. It would therefore benefit from implementations that reduce participant effort. In the present paper, we introduce a screenless wrist-worn one-button wearable as an unobtrusive measure...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.909558.].

Marie Jahoda’s latent deprivation model proposes that unemployed people have a worse mental health compared to employed people. This is because they suffer not only from a lack of the manifest function of employment (earning money), but also from a lack of five so-called latent functions of employment: Time structure, social contact, collective pur...

We investigated how objective, behavioral data on social media use was correlated with the Dark Tetrad facets and the HEXACO traits. We tracked usage time and usage session of social media users (N = 243), considering Instagram to be a visual social medium compared to Facebook and, therefore, to be related to “dark” personality characteristics (i.e...

The “battle for talent” requires organizations to more strongly focus on employer branding strategies, and, thus, on work values or work orientations of potential candidates. We therefore developed and validated the New Work Values Scale (Study 1; n = 316), a brief, 28-item, rating scale that covers a broad set of both, instrumental and symbolic, v...

A quick overview of an open-source firmware solution for facilitating the experience sampling method on the LilyGo T-Watch.

Building on social psychologist Marie Jahoda’s pioneering work, the psychological literature has shown that work fulfills both manifest functions (e.g., monetary returns) and latent functions (e.g., social contact). This article uses data from the German panel study “Labor market and social security” (PASS), which contains information on latent and...

In situ self-reports are a useful tool in the social sciences to supplement laboratory experiments. Smartwatches are a promising form factor to realize these methods. However, to date, no user-friendly, general-purpose solution has been available. This article therefore presents a newly developed, free and open-source firmware that facilitates the...

The relation between job characteristics and health is one of the most important fields of research within work and organizational psychology. Another prominent variable influencing health is physical activity. The physical activity mediated Demand-Control (pamDC) model (Häusser & Mojzisch, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2017.1303759) combi...

Sleep is an essential requirement for both physiological and psychological functioning and has an impact on various health parameters. The present study aimed to examine how quantity and quality of sleep predicts burnout and well-being by using both self-reported and objectively collected sleep data. The participants were 104 white-collar workers w...

Facilitating looking for a new partner or a hook-up, dating apps are highly popular. Explaining their continuous use and the reflection of personality on behavior we investigated the question whether classically bright or rather dark personality traits influence their use, combining behavioral and questionnaire data. In the analysis the Big Five an...

Zusammenfassung. Der Bologna-Prozess führte zu weitreichenden Veränderungen in der europäischen Hochschullandschaft. Im deutschsprachigen Raum ist sowohl das Potential einer erhöhten innereuropäischen Mobilität als auch die Herausforderung der Zusammenführung heterogener Bildungssysteme gerade am Beispiel des Psychologiestudiums in Österreich beson...

The relation between job characteristics and health is one of the most important fields of research within work and organizational psychology. Another prominent variable influencing health is physical activity. The physical activity mediated Demand-Control (pamDC) model (Häusser & Mojzisch, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2017.1303759) combi...

This entry contains a definition and an overview of the different forms of experiments in media psychology. These are laboratory experiments, field experiments, quasi‐experiments, and natural experiments. Exemplary studies on mass media, such as radio, cinema, or TV, are presented and assigned to the characteristic fields of media psychology as com...

Innerhalb von wenigen Jahrzehnten hat das Internet zahlreiche Lebensbereiche einschneidend verändert. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet entsprechende Auswirkungen auf die psychologische Forschung und diskutiert Möglichkeiten qualitativer Forschungsvorhaben mithilfe internetbasierter Ansätze. Insbesondere die Besonderheiten von qualitativen Online-Interview...

This research examined whether volunteering would grant an alternative route to meaning at work (in the form of the latent benefits of work), even when people are deprived of meaning in times of job insecurity. Two longitudinal studies conducted in Germany (2 waves; n = 110) and the United Kingdom (3 waves; n = 377) showed that volunteering was rel...

The use of wearable self-tracking devices to increase health and well-being is on the rise; yet, there is a lack of scientific evidence concerning their actual benefits. This article summarizes theoretical assumptions (e.g., social cognitive theory, cognitive dissonance, conditioning, observer effects) to explore how wearables might positively affe...

Job satisfaction is often treated as a one-dimensional construct. In contrast, Bruggemann (1974) postulated six distinct forms of (dis)satisfaction: four types of satisfaction (progressive, stabilised, resigned, pseudo) and two types of dissatisfaction (constructive, fixated). Despite her theory's practical relevance, few researchers have explored...

In today’s world of work, networking behaviors are an important and viable strategy to enhance success in work and career domains. Concerning personality as an antecedent of networking behaviors, prior studies have exclusively relied on trait perspectives that focus on how people feel, think, and act. Adopting a motivational perspective on personal...

Paid work offers latent benefits (e.g., social contact, time structure) that go beyond mere access to financial resources in predicting individuals’ psychological well-being. Despite the importance of the concept for organizational research and practice, available instruments measuring these latent benefits suffer either from psychometric deficienc...

This chapter elaborates on technical aspects of the uses of Internet-based technologies in organizations throughout the survey process, focusing on several examples of best practice. This includes project management in online employee surveys, content and design, as well as electronic and automatized reporting of the results. The chapter also focus...

Wearable Research Technology: Tracking Tools for All Occasions? Relevance & Research Question: Wearables and tracking tools are on the rise on the market, and prominent manufacturers introduce an improved device at least each year. Devices come in manifold forms, colors, and with different functionalities for virtually every occasion: from smart cl...

Innerhalb von wenigen Jahrzehnten hat das Internet zahlreiche Lebensbereiche einschneidend verändert. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet entsprechende Auswirkungen auf die psychologische Forschung und diskutiert Möglichkeiten qualitativer Forschungsvorhaben mithilfe internetbasierter Ansätze. Insbesondere die Besonderheiten von qualitativen Online-Interview...

Seit dem Frühjahr 2013 ist Internet Gaming Disorder im Teil 3 des DSM-5 als ein in Entwicklung befindliches Instrument angeführt. Während an der adäquaten Umsetzung einer klinischen Diagnose eines potentiell pathologischen Verhaltens, und an deren Skalenentwicklung, geforscht wird, entwickelt sich das Unterhaltungsangebot im Internet rasant weiter...

Eine flexibilisierte und digitalisierte Arbeitswelt fördert nicht nur die Möglichkeit von Telearbeit (das Arbei-ten von zu Hause oder unterwegs aus), sondern auch das Auftreten von nicht-arbeitsbezogener Computer-nutzung während der Arbeitszeit, auch bekannt als Cyberslacking. Der Begriff Cyberslacking ist in Forschung und Praxis eher negativ konno...

Over the last years, the Internet has become omnipresent and people have almost constant and manifold opportunities to go online – be it via computers, laptop computers, tablets, smartphones, or smartwatches. Cyberslacking (also known as personal internet use at work, or cyberloafing) is a behavior not easy to prevent considering the ample and easy...

Das Internet bietet vielfältige Anwendungsmöglichkeiten für Kinder und Jugendliche. Bisherige Forschung lässt den Schluss zu, dass eine Nutzung zu Unterhaltungs- oder Interaktionszwecken sich negativ auf die Schulleistung auswirkt, wohingegen eine Nutzung zu Informationszwecken sich positiv auswirkt. Allerdings lässt Thorndikes Gesetz der Wirkung,...

Opinion leadership describes an individual’s tendency to informally influence others’ attitudes and overt behaviors. In contrast to contemporary views of opinion leadership as a highly domain-specific trait, this paper introduces a multi-faceted personality trait, generalized opinion leadership (GOL) that characterizes exceptionally influential ind...

With reference to conservation of resources theory, the authors explored the role of proactive coping in relation to both positive and negative aspects of employee well-being (happiness and depression) when confronted with job insecurity. The authors investigated if coping efficiency improves when employees are highly committed to work, that is, wh...

Purpose Social media use is often condemned and harshly restricted at offices and work stations. The present study aims to detect positive effects of social media use in work processes on job satisfaction and employees mental health. It is assumed that social media use is related to Jahoda’s latent functions of work, which in turn are responsible f...

This research investigated the influence of parent–adolescent communication quality, as perceived by the adolescents, on the relationship between adolescents’ Internet use and verbal aggression. Adolescents (N = 363, age range 10–16, MT1 = 12.84, SD = 1.93) were examined twice with a six-month delay. Controlling for social support in general terms,...

Power distance (PD) is a cultural value known for its moderating effect on subordinates’ reaction to procedural justice. The reaction to procedural justice in general as well as the reaction to the voice criterion exclusively emerged to be stronger among low PD (LPD) than high PD (HPD) individuals. Until now, no research exists, however, on the eff...

Opinion leadership as a measure of individual differences describes influential individuals who informally shape the attitudes and behaviors of their peers. It is commonly assumed that the most important source of opinion leadership stems from expert knowledge in their domain of influence. Study I (N = 183), however, demonstrates that objective kno...

The present article connects advertising by means of mass communication with social influence processes. Predictions derived from a theoretical model on the impact of mass communication on consumers who were not directly exposed to the message (distant consumers) were tested with two field experiments (Experiment 1: n = 77 participants, n = 261 pee...

Adopting diffusion theory and the concept of social value orientation, the effects of personality traits on knowledge sharing in a virtual open content community are investigated. In addition to the main effects of personality, it was hypothesized that intrinsic motivations would moderate the effects on knowledge sharing. A sample of N = 256 active...

The authors examined the influence of parent-adolescent communication quality, as perceived by the adolescents, on the link between adolescents' Internet use and loneliness, controlling for perceived family support in general terms. Adolescents (N = 216, M(age) = 15.80 years) provided data on Internet use, loneliness, Internet-related parent-adoles...

This study investigates whether work involvement moderates the negative effect of job insecurity on general well-being, and whether reduced general well-being partially explains why job insecurity is associated with increased turnover intentions. The participants were 178 members (52% female) of an online panel who provided information about job in...

The high rates of training transfer failure that prevail still puzzle practitioners as well as researchers. The central aim of the present study is to analyze the relatively under-researched role of job dissatisfaction in the training transfer process. Specifically, we expect that job dissatisfaction would have a negative effect on transfer but tha...

Heavy debt not only has economic consequences, but has also been related to severe psychological and physical distress. The present study investigates the relationship between perceived financial strain and mental health, and individual-level variables that moderate this relationship. Specifically it was expected that employment, access to the late...

Computer-adaptive classification tests focus on classifying respondents in different proficiency groups (e.g., for pass/fail decisions). To date, adaptive classification testing has been dominated by research on dichotomous response formats and classifications in two groups. This paper extends this line of research to polytomous classification test...

Telling stories can be a powerful way to persuade. This contributions reviews previous research on individual differences in narrative persuasion, with an emphasis on one personality construct: the need for affect. Implications for persuasion profiling are discussed. Moreover, this contribution provides data on correlates of the need for affect whi...

Item response theory (IRT) forms a flexible psychometric modeling approach to construct and evaluate new assessment instruments. This paper demonstrates how to evaluate the measurement precision of personality scales by assessing their test–retest error and their convergence across different raters within an IRT framework. The first study (N = 1575...

Influential individuals, who shape the attitudes and behaviors of their peers, are termed opinion leaders. The interpretability of research on opinion leadership, however, has frequently been hampered by the use of divergent instruments that follow either a domain-specific view of opinion leadership or a more domain-independent trait conceptualizat...

„Dies ist ein Wendepunkt der Geschichte“, prophezeite der amerikanische Zukunftsforscher Jeremy Rifkin (2004) angesichts der rasant fortschreitenden digitalen Revolution, die unser Arbeits- und Alltagsleben in bisher kaum gekannter Weise formt und wohl weiterhin formen wird. Die Verbreitung digitaler Kommunikationsmodi über Internet und Satellit ve...

Die Verfasser legen Ergebnisse einer weltweiten Metaanalyse vor, in die 237 Querschnittsstudien eingehen; in diesen Studien wurden Arbeitslose und Erwerbstätige im Hinblick auf ihr psychisches Wohlbefinden verglichen. Insgesamt zeigt sich, dass Arbeitslosigkeit alle Aspekte psychischer Gesundheit in gleichem Maße beeinträchtigt. Eine Längsschnittan...

Computer- and web-based testing procedures are increasingly popular for the assessment of cognitive abilities and knowledge. This paper identified color red as a critical context factor that may influence the results. Two studies showed that color red may harm the performance in web-based tests of general knowledge. In Study 1 (N = 131) a red (vs....

It is known that employment is important for psychological health. The present paper claims that the reasons why employed persons report better well-being than unemployed persons might also explain why those in some occupations report better well-being than others. Jahoda's latent deprivation theory (1982) was that employment provides a number of l...

Video-based e-lectures offer interactive learning and more vivid and personalized forms of self-regulated learning. Participants (N = 28) learned from either a video-based e-lecture with synchronized written transcript of oral presentation (multimodal) or an e-lecture without the transcript (unimodal presentation). Learners could be classified as "...

Marie Jahoda's latent deprivation model was tested with a representative sample of the German population (N = 998). As expected, employees reported high levels of time structure, social contact, collective purpose, and activity not only in comparison to unemployed persons but also in comparison to persons who are out of the labor force (i.e., stude...

Zusammenfassung. Bewerbungsunterlagen konnen traditionell gestaltet und per Post versendet werden (Offline-Bewerbung) oder per E-Mail bzw. WWW-Formular ubermittelt werden (Online-Bewerbung). Mit Hilfe von zwei Studien werden Erfahrungen mit Online-Bewerbungen aus Unternehmenssicht sowie zentrale Aspekte des Bewerberverhaltens betrachtet. In einer I...

The fact that new media—and, in particular, the internet—have rapidly permeated many domains of life over the past few years is not especially new. Individuals who do not possess a mobile telephone or an e-mail address and who are unable to use a PC or send and receive text messages are rare and are meanwhile classified—at least in western industri...

Für Boris Beckers frischgebackene Ex-Freundin Lilly Kerssenberg ist der Tennisstar die Liebe ihres Lebens. Sie zürnt ihm daher nicht — auch wenn die Trennung per SMS kam.

This paper reports the development of a short version of the trendsetting questionnaire (TDS; Batinic, Haupt, & Wieselhuber, 2006). According to Batinic et al., individuals high on trendsetting keep an eye open for new trends and have a broad interest in innovations. They inform a wide range of others and explain to them the value of innovations, a...

Personality aspects are largely neglected in existing models of media preferences. Based on a functional approach, it is hypothesized that media preferences are affected by Extraversion and Neuroticism particularly in situations that correspond to the motiva- tional implications of these traits. The results of a questionnaire study (N = 228) on pre...

Zusammenfassung. Betrachten wir die geschichtliche Entwicklung der Psychologie seit Wilhelm Wundt, so stellen wir fest, dass sich unsere Wissenschaft zunehmend ausdifferenziert. Waren es in den Anfangen vor allem allgemeinpsychologische Forschungsfragen, so sind seither neben weiteren Grundlagenwissenschaften grose Anwendungsfacher entstanden, die...

„ Dies ist ein Wendepunkt der Geschichte“, prophezeite der amerikanische Zukunftsforscher Jeremy Rifkin (2004) angesichts der rasant fortschreitenden digitalen Revolution, die unser Arbeits- und Alltagsleben in bisher kaum gekannter Weise formt und wohl weiterhin formen wird. Die Verbreitung digitaler Kommunikationsmodi über Internet und Satellit v...

This article deals with the construction, standardization, and validation of the Trendsetting Questionnaire (TDS). Trendsetters are individuals who become aware of innovations earlier than their respective social group. They are able to isolate important elements and features of these innovations and tend to pass them on to their social environment...

Beside discussionboards new social software such as Wiki and Weblogs get more and more popular. They are used for different purposes and agendas, for politics, economy, journalism, and e-learning settings. New opportunities and questions emerge especially for individual learning, cooperative learning, and building (learning) communities. How can we...

The objective of this article is to identify the strategies and information sources used by gallery owners and people who are particularly interested in the art market to obtain information about artists and their works, and how they use this information to evaluate an artist's significance. The survey was carried out at the international art fair...

Zusammenfassung. Überprüft wird der Einfluss der Gratifikationsform (Bonuspunkte, Verlosungen, Ergebnisberichte), des Unter-suchungszwecks (wissenschaftliche versus kommerzielle Befragung) und der Zahl der Reminder auf die Rücklaufquote in Online-Panels. Hierzu wurden 68 Online-Umfragen, die in vier Online-Panels in den Jahren 2000 bis 2004 durchge...

The present paper provides an overview of the main aspects of collecting Internet-based data. Core characteristics of online questionnaires and online interviews as well as online group discussions are described. We also discuss different procedures of recruiting survey participants online. We end with a general conclusion outlining upcoming trends...

Es ist wichtig zu wissen, inwieweit die mit Hilfe von internetbasierten Befragungen gewonnenen Ergebnisse äquivalent zu traditionellen Datenerhebungsverfahren (Papier-Bleistift-, Face-to-Face- und Telefonbefragungen) sind. Führt der Einsatz des Internet im Vergleich zu traditionellen Erhebungsverfahren zu einer geringeren Datenqualität, so würde di...

Zusammenfassung. Beschrieben werden in dem Beitrag Merkmale von Online-Panels. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf der erzielbaren Datenqualitat in Online-Panels, den Anforderungen an technische Hilfsmittel zum Betrieb von Online-Panels und Rekrutierungsstrategien. Den Abschluss bildet eine Diskussion zu weiteren in Online-Panels einsetzbaren Erhebungsverfah...