Benjamin Haddon Parmenter

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• PhD
• Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Edith Cowan University

There is an accumulating body of literature reporting on dietary flavonoid intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in prospective cohort studies. This makes apparent the need for an overview and update on the current state of the science. To date, at least 27 prospective cohorts (in 44 publications) have evaluated the association betwee...

Introduction A limited number of studies have assessed the accuracy and precision of methods for determining the net endogenous acid production (NEAP) and its components. We aimed to investigate the performance of methods quantifying the diet dependent acid-base load. Methods Data from metabolic balance studies enabled calculations of NEAP accordi...

Background Flavonoid-rich foods have antiinflammatory, antiatherogenic, and antithrombotic properties that may contribute to a lower risk of ischemic stroke. Objectives We aimed to investigate the relationship between habitual flavonoid consumption and incidence of ischemic stroke in participants from the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health Study. Des...

BACKGROUND Flavonoids may play a role in mitigating atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, with evidence suggesting effects may differ between vascular beds. Studies examining associations with subclinical markers of atherosclerosis between subpopulations with different underlying risks of atherosclerosis are lacking. METHODS Among 5599 particip...

Background Higher cruciferous vegetable intake is associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk in observational studies. The pathways involved remain uncertain. We aimed to determine whether cruciferous vegetable intake (active) lowers 24-h brachial systolic blood pressure (SBP; primary outcome) compared to root and squash vegetables (control)...

Background Given their antioxidative stress, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulating effects, flavonoids are hypothesized to play a role in preventing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Objectives This cohort study aimed to examine associations between flavonoid intake and COPD, asthma, and lung function. Met...

Aim To examine the associations of a diet high in flavonoid-rich foods, as reflected by a “Flavodiet Score” (FDS), the major individual food contributors to flavonoid intake, and flavonoid subclasses with type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in the UK Biobank cohort. Materials and methods Flavonoid intakes were estimated from ≥2 dietary assessments among 11...

Background: Phenyl-γ-valerolactones (PVLs) have been identified as biomarkers of dietary flavan-3-ol exposure, though their utility requires further characterisation. Objectives: We investigate the performance of a range of PVLs as biomarkers indicative of flavan-3-ol intake. Methods: We report results of two companion studies: a 5-way randomi...

Found in almost all plant-derived foods and beverages, flavonoids are bioactive compounds recognised to confer health benefits, especially with regard to cardiovascular disease (CVD). The mechanisms, however, by which these compounds might mitigate atherosclerosis are not yet fully understood, and the impact of habitual flavonoid intake on the long...

Background Phenyl- γ- valerolactones (PVLs) have been proposed as potential biomarkers of dietary flavan-3-ol exposure. Objective We investigate the performance of a range of PVLs as biomarkers indicative of flavan-3-ol intake. Methods We report results of two companion studies: a 5-way randomised cross-over trial (RCT) and an observational cross...

Background The extent of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) is a major predictor of vascular disease events. We have previously found regular apple intake, a major source of dietary flavonoids, associates with lower AAC. Whether total dietary flavonoid intake impacts AAC remains unknown. Here, we extend our observations to habitual intakes of tot...

Background/Objectives Few studies have investigated the association between dietary flavonoid intake, including all major subclasses, and the long-term risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD). We examined whether dietary flavonoid intake associated with IHD incidence, assessing the possible modifying role of sex and smoking, in participants from the D...

This study provides evidence that consuming flavonoid-rich food may be protective against type 2 diabetes (T2DM) through mechanisms related to better glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity.

Background Omega-3 fatty acids reportedly improve child learning and behavioral outcomes. However, sociodemographic factors and parental perceptions driving omega-3 supplementation in children are not fully understood. Methods In a cross-sectional study design, we examined factors associated with use of a commercial omega-3 supplement for children...

Introduction Higher flavonoid intakes are beneficially associated with pulmonary function parameters, however, their association with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unknown. This study aimed to examine associations between intakes of 1) total flavonoids, 2) flavonoid subclasses, and 3) major flavonoid compounds and incident COPD in...

Background Flavonoid-rich foods may contribute to a lower risk of ischemic stroke through their anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, and anti-thrombotic properties. We aimed to examine the relationship between flavonoid intake and ischemic stroke incidence in participants from the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health study. Methods In this prospective...

Flavonoids have shown anti-hypertensive and anti-atherosclerotic properties: the impact of habitual flavonoid intake on vascular function, central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness may be important. We investigated the relationship between habitual flavonoid consumption and measures of central blood pressure and arterial stiffness. We performed c...

Background Limited studies have reported on socio-demographic factors, beliefs and health perceptions related to ω-3 supplement use in Asia. We aimed to examine characteristics associated with use of an ω-3 supplement in Asia. Methods Adults residing in Thailand, China and Vietnam (n = 904; mean ± SD age, 31.3 ± 9.1 years; sex, 70.4 % female; educ...

Background To evaluate the safety, efficacy and tolerability of a combination micronutrient and polyherbal preparation ( GoutFighterTM ) for gout management. Methods A single arm, open-label pilot study was conducted at the National Hospital for Traditional Medicine in Vietnam. Participants (n=35 recruited) diagnosed with chronic gout received fou...

The primary aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a childcare-based intervention in increasing child physical activity by allowing children unrestricted access to outdoor areas for free-play when structured activity is not taking place. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in six childcare services. Intervention services provided c...

Background: Given the substantial period of time adults spend in their workplaces each day, these provide an opportune setting for interventions addressing modifiable behavioural risk factors for chronic disease. Previous reviews of trials of workplace-based interventions suggest they can be effective in modifying a range of risk factors including...

Background: A number of school-based policies or practices have been found to be effective in improving child diet and physical activity, and preventing excessive weight gain, tobacco or harmful alcohol use. Schools, however, frequently fail to implement such evidence-based interventions. Objectives: The primary aims of the review are to examine...

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: The primary aim of this review is to determine the effectiveness of implementation strategies for policies, practices or programmes that aim to improve health behaviours or reduce unhealthy behaviours commonly associated with risk factors for chronic disease in...

Aim: The gold standard of measurement for net endogenous acid production (NEAP) is net acid excretion (NAE), a test that is not readily available, and consequently, estimative equations by Remer and Manz and Frassetto et al. are often used. These equations rely on nutrient databases and it is recommended that their validity be assessed using a cou...

Aim: Spot-tests of urine pH are claimed to be an accessible biomarker of net acid excretion (NAE), and as such, they may be able to determine changes in an individual's intake of acid- or base-forming foods. To test this hypothesis, we aimed to determine if spot-tests of urine pH could index NAE and relay the consumption of a fruit and vegetable (...